Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study was designed to compare steroid requirements between placebo and methotrexate (MTX) treatment in subjects with corticosteroid-requiring asthma. Subjects began with a steroid taper and then were randomized to a 3-month trial of drug or placebo therapy. Subjects received 15 mg of MTX a week or identical placebo. A 1-month washout period was completed before the crossover trial. Symptom scores, peak flow rates, spirometry, and beta-agonist frequency were closely monitored. Ten subjects completed the study. The average dose of prednisone during the placebo-treatment period was 11.97 mg/day compared to 8.37 mg/day while subjects were taking MTX. This was a 30% reduction in daily steroid requirement (p less than 0.01). Symptom scores and spirometry did not differ between the crossover trials, and overall clinical status was not altered. Complications from MTX were mild and included anorexia, alopecia, and stomatitis. All complications resolved with dose reduction or when MTX was stopped at the end of the study. No subjects withdrew from the study because of MTX complications. Low-dose MTX significantly reduced the steroid requirement in this group of subjects with steroid-dependent asthma. This reduction in steroid requirement was obtained without altering clinical status and without significant complication.
 ...
PMID:Methotrexate in the treatment of steroid-dependent asthma. 188 Mar 21

A phase I trial of piritrexim was conducted by use of a prolonged, low-dose oral schedule. A number of different regimens were tested, including daily dosing for 21 days followed by 7 days of no drug therapy; continuous dosing; and daily dosing for 5 of 7 days for 3 consecutive weeks followed by a week of rest. Dose escalation was accomplished by increasing the dosing frequency from once a day to twice a day and then to three times a day and by increasing the number of days of administration. Fifty-one patients with advanced cancer were entered in the study. One hundred twenty-four (96%) of 129 courses were considered assessable. Myelosuppression proved to be the dose-limiting toxic effect. Other toxic effects included stomatitis, nausea and vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, skin rash, fatigue, and elevation of liver transaminase levels. Antitumor activity was observed in patients with melanoma and bladder cancer, and disease stabilization occurred in those with sarcoma and pheochromocytoma. The recommended dosing schedule for phase II clinical trials is 25 mg three times a day for 5 days for 3 consecutive weeks followed by 1 week of no drug therapy.
 ...
PMID:Phase I trial of piritrexim capsules using prolonged, low-dose oral administration for the treatment of advanced malignancies. 198 18

It has been suggested that the addition of weekly low-dose cisplatin (DDP) may potentiate the efficacy of continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) without adding significant toxicity. To investigate the extent of added toxicity, an analysis of toxicity was completed in 18 patients with advanced cancers treated with continuous ambulatory 5-FU infusion 300 mg/m2/day and weekly low-dose cisplatin (DDP) 20 mg/m2. Ten of the 18 patients (56%) developed multiple (four or more) toxicities during treatment. In addition, toxicity categorized as severe occurred in 10 patients (56%). Seventeen of the 18 patients (94%) required treatment interruption or dose attenuation due to toxicity and most patients experienced a decline in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status due to treatment-related toxicity. Compared with historical toxicity patterns when 5-FU infusion is administered alone, the addition of DDP has resulted in significant increases in nausea and vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, stomatitis, and myelosuppression. The addition of low-dose weekly DDP adds significant toxicity and morbidity to the continuous 5-FU infusion regimen.
 ...
PMID:5-Fluorouracil infusion and low-dose weekly cisplatin: an analysis of increased toxicity. 223 3

Phase II clinical research of UFT E granules (enteric coated) was carried out in 18 institutes (21 clinical dept.) by Study Group of UFT E in Tohoku Area, to investigate its effect and safety on cancer of the digestive organs. Of all the registered 26 cases, 21 cases were available for evaluation (perfect cases: 17 and imperfect cases: 4). Patients were administered UFT E 600 mg/body/day in principle. The response rate of the overall 26 cases was 14.3% and that of perfect 17 cases was 17.6%. PR was seen in 2 cases with far advanced gastric cancer and in 1 case with sigmoid colon cancer metastasized to lung, NC in 8 cases and PD in 6 cases. Side effects more than Grade II were seen in 4 cases (19%), of which 1 case caused diarrhea with leucopenia, 1 case caused diarrhea with anorexia, fever, pigmentation, stomatitis and general tiredness, 1 case caused anorexia and the other 1 case caused paresthesia on both legs with diarrhea and anorexia. Side effects in upper digestive tract were slight, making it possible to continue administration. But 1 case, which caused simultaneously Grade II anorexia, Grade II diarrhea and Grade III paresthesia on both legs, refused administration and dropped out. He recovered from those symptoms 5 days after discontinuance of administration. UFT E is able to administer for a long term because of its slight side effects on the upper digestive tract.
 ...
PMID:[Cooperative research of UFT E phase II study. Cooperative Study Group of UFT E in Tohoku Area]. 224 Nov 82

A multicenter cooperative study was conducted from June 1988 to July 1989 to evaluate the clinical efficacy of high-dose dl-Leucovorin (dl-LV) and 5-FU treatment in 61 cases of advanced gastric and colorectal cancer. The administration schedule was a 2-hour infusion of dl-LV (500 mg/m2) and an IV bolus of 5-FU (600 mg/m2), given 1 hour after the beginning of LV infusion. Patients (pts.) were treated q week x 6 then evaluated for response. Thirty one gastric cancer pts. were divided into two groups; nine pts. treated with 30 min. infusion of 5-FU, and the remaining 23 pts. treated with IV bolus. PR was obtained in 2/9 (22.2%) and in 7/22 (31.8%) of the first and second group, respectively. An overall response rate was 9/31 (29%). Thirty colorectal cancer pts. were divided the same: 13 pts. treated with 30 min. infusion of 5-FU and the remaining 17 pts. treated with IV bolus. PR was obtained in 2/13 (15.4%) and in 7/17 (41.2) of the first and second groups, respectively. An overall response rate was 9/30 (30%). Median survival time for the gastric cancer group was 9.4 months, and for the colorectal cancer group was 13.6 months. Toxicity was within acceptable limits. Toxic effects included diarrhea, stomatitis, anorexia and myelohypoplasia. Our data suggests that high dose LV and 5-FU seems to be a very promising combination and warrants a further investigation.
 ...
PMID:[High-dose leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil in advanced gastric and colorectal cancer. High-Dose Leucovorin and 5-FU Study Group]. 226 Aug 72

Cancer often causes malnutrition and specific vitamin and protein deficiencies. Chemotherapy also causes deficiencies by promoting anorexia, stomatitis, and alimentary tract disturbances. Antimetabolite drugs in particular inhibit synthesis of essential vitamins, purines, and pyrimidines. Because vitamin levels in the blood are often nondiagnostic, nutritional deficiency is identified almost exclusively on the basis of clinical signs and symptoms and the patient's response to therapy. Signs and symptoms of cachexia and hypoalbuminemia are common in patients with advanced cancer. Deficiencies of vitamins B1, B2, and K and of niacin, folic acid, and thymine also may result from chemotherapy. Nutritional deficiencies are chemically correctable; however, the tumor must be eradicated to relieve cachexia.
 ...
PMID:Nutritional deficiencies in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. 229 64

The nutritional status and prevalence of nutrition-related problems in 192 adult and child allogeneic marrow transplant recipients were evaluated 1 year after transplant in a retrospective chart review. Among these patients, 63% exhibited evidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) at the time of nutrition evaluation, including 44% with extensive disease who were receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Oral sensitivity was observed in 23% of all patients reviewed, and frank stomatitis occurred in 8%. The frequency of xerostomia was 18%; anorexia, 8%; reflux symptoms, 7%; diarrhea, 7%; steatorrhea, 5%; dysgeusia, 3%; and limited exercise tolerance because of dyspnea or joint contractures, 4%. Weight loss 3 to 12 months after transplant was experienced by 28%. Nutrition-related problems, changes in anthropometric indexes indicative of suboptimal nutritional status, and inadequate energy intake were observed more frequently in patients with extensive chronic GVHD than in patients without GVHD or in those with limited GVHD. Our findings indicate a high prevalence of nutrition problems among recipients of allogeneic marrow transplantation 1 year after transplant and, further, suggest the need for ongoing, community-based nutrition monitoring after discharge from a transplant center.
 ...
PMID:Prevalence of nutrition-related problems among long-term survivors of allogeneic marrow transplantation. 234 57

Ten patients with relapsed and hormone-resistant prostate cancer were given intra-arterial infusion with, mainly, cisplatin using the reservoir system. The tip of the indwelling infusion catheter was inserted from the femoral artery into the internal iliac artery or common iliac artery. The opposite end of the infusion catheter was connected to a reservoir implanted subcutaneously at the thigh portion. Combination chemotherapy using methotrexate, adriamycin and cisplatin (MAC therapy) was mainly performed. According to criteria of the Jpn. Assoc. for Cancer Ther., the response rate was 23%, including 3 or PR cases. Regarding the survival rate, the 1-year survival rate was 66.7% and the 2-year rate was 33.3%. Concerning adverse reactions, nausea, vomiting and anorexia were noted in all cases. Stomatitis, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were also found in 38%. We consider that the IA-MAC therapy is one of the most useful regimen for the treatment of the relapsed and/or hormone-resistant prostate cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Intra-arterial chemotherapy of relapsed and hormone-resistant prostate cancer using reservoir system]. 238 65

A prospective chemotherapeutic trial using combinations of three drugs consisting of three different protocols was performed in 24 patients with advanced transitional-cell carcinoma of the urothelial tract between April 1981 and August 1986. All patients had histologically proven transitional-cell carcinoma and bidimensionally measurable lesions. The protocol I (PPA) was a 5-day course of treatment with 20 mg/m2 cis-platinum and 5 mg/m2 peplomycin (a derivative of bleomycin) on days 1-5, and 25 mg/m2 adriamycin on day 1. Protocol II (CFMit) was a 10-day course with 3 mg/m2 mitomycin-C and 300 mg/m2 cyclophosphamide on day 1, and 180 mg/m2 5-fluorouracil on days 1-10. Protocol III (PAM) was a 1-day course comprising 60 mg/m2 cis-platinum, 30 mg/m2 adriamycin, and 40 mg/m2 methotrexate. In protocols I and III, the drugs were administered every 4-5 weeks, while in protocol II, the drugs were administered continuously without any interval. Of the 9 patients who received 1 to 5 PPA courses, only 3 patients showed a minor response. In the 10 patients who received 4 to 44 CFMit courses, 3 (33%) achieved partial remission for 1.5-22 months, and 3 had a minor response. Of the 5 patients receiving 3 to 7 PAM courses, 1 patient achieved partial remission for 5 months, and 1 had a minor response. Myelosuppression, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia were frequently observed in each protocol. Loss of hair was often observed in protocols I and III. Stomatitis and diarrhea were observed in protocol II. Three patients in protocol I, 4 patients in protocol II, and 1 patient in protocol III were unable to tolerate more courses of the regimen due to the severe side effects.
 ...
PMID:Three-drug combination chemotherapy for advanced urothelial tract carcinoma. 244 54

This report describes a highly fatal diphtheroid-necrotizing stomatitis in tortoises of hitherto unknown etiology. The tortoises suffered from dyspnea and anorexia, due to massive diphtheroid membranes in oral and pharyngeal cavities. Histologically, eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were found in epithelial layers of oral and tracheal mucous membranes. Furthermore, electron microscopy revealed herpesvirus like particles in affected cells. Possible environmental factors influencing the outbreak of the disease are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[A new herpesvirus-caused disease in tortoises]. 255 96


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>