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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of interferon on the synthesis and release of A-, B- and C-type viruses by oncornavirus carrier lines was studied. Murine cell lines were selected which carry either of these viruses and are sensitive to the antiviral effect of interferon, as measured by inhibition of vesicular stomatitis virus. Release of C-type virus was found to be highly sensitive. Release of B-type virus, on the contrary, was only marginally inhibited. Synthesis of intracisternal A-type particles was finally not inhibited by interferon pretreatment. These differences between infectious C-type and non-infectious A- and B-type viruses may reflect fundamental differences in the synthesis of these viruses.
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PMID:Influence of interferon on the synthesis of virus particles in oncornavirus carrier cell lines. III. Survey of effects on A-, B- and C-type oncornaviruses. 5 Feb 92

Lymphocytes of animals with delayed hypersensitivity produce mediators of cellular immunity when challenged in vitro with specific antigen. Among these are macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and interferon (IF). Nonspecific mitogens also induce the production of these lymphokines. In the following study leukocytes and column-purified lymphocytes of the same peripheral blood sample from tuberculin (purified protein derivatives [PPD])-sensitive rabbits were concurrently cultured in medium alone or with PPD. Supernatants of 1- and 4-day lymphocyte cultures were assayed for MIF. Supernatants of 1-, 2- to 4- and 5- to 7-day leukocyte cultures were assayed for IF by inhibition of cytopathic effect of vesicular stomatitis virus on rabbit kidney cultures. In the presence of PPD, normal lymphocytes did not produce MIF, but lymphocytes from sensitized animals did (8/8 animals), after 1 and 4 days of culture. Leukocytes from normal animals produced little or no IF when cultured with or without PPD. Leukocytes from sensitized animals cultured in medium alone produced little IF. However, when cultured with PPD they produced significant amounts of IF on day-1 (6/8 animals) and day-2 to day-4 (4/8) animals. There was no correlation between relative amounts of MIF and IF produced by cultures of respective cells from individual animals. Rabbit IF produced or released in vitro appeared in significant and maximum amounts by 24 h coincident with the time release of significant amounts of another mediator of cellular immunity, MIF.
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PMID:Immunologically specific production of interferon in cultures of rabbit blood lymphocytes: association with in vitro tests for cell-mediated immunity. 5 4

The effect of interferon on the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and type-C oncornavirus in two Balb/c mouse cell lines, JLS-V5 and JLS-V9R, infected with MuLV-R was examined. VSV replication was inhibited threefold (0-5 log10) in both cell lines by 10 to 20 units of interferon/ml. In JLS-V5 cells C-type virus yields, as measured by 3H-uridine incorporation and reverse transcriptase activity, were also reduced threefold by 10 to 20 units of interferon/ml. However, in JLS-V9R cells, C-type virus replication was refractory to interferon at concentrations up to 1 x 10(4) units/ml. Infectious C-type virus transmitted from JLS-V9R cells to Balb/3TS cells was as sensitive to interferon as virus transmitted from JLS-V5 cells, indicating that resistance of C-type virus in JLS-V9R cells is a feature of the cells rather than of the virus strain.
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PMID:Differential sensitivity of Rauscher murine leukaemia virus (MuLV-R) to interferons in two interferon-responsive cell lines. 5 65

The capacity of interferon to inhibit virus production in cells chronically infected with oncornavirus enabled us to develop a simple system for interferon quantitation that was independent of exogenous viral infection. The release of the virus to the culture medium was determined by its reverse transcriptase activity. The inhibitory effect of interferon in this system was linearly proportional to the log of its dilution over a range between 5 and 80% inhibiton. The sensitivity of the system was comparable to that of the vexicular stomatitis virus plaque reduction assay, whereas its reproducibility was found to be even better. This method is very rapid and can be completed within less than 24 h.
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PMID:Rapid quantitation of interferon with chronically oncornavirus-producing cells. 6 Nov 74

A non-virogenic African green monkey kidney cell line BGM/MV persistently infected with a neurotropic mouse brain-adapted strain of measles virus, was found to have undergone significant changes in the virus-host cell relationship between passages 35 and 119. Rather than the stable non-cytopathic relationship previously reported in which approximately 100% of the cells contained measles antigens and less than 1% of the cells expressed cell surface measles antigen, we observed cyclic manifestations of c.p.e. together with changes in the percentage of cells expressing intracellular and cell surface measles antigens. Treatment of BGM/MV cells with actinomycin D effected an increase in the percentage of cells expressing cell surface virus haemagglutinin (HA) at times when the percentage of cells with surface HA was less than the percentage of cells with intracellular measles antigens. Superinfection studies employing measles virus and vesicular stomatitis virus revealed a consonant cyclic refractivity and essentially no refractivity, respectively. Endogenous, infectious measles virus was not detected nor was interferon. It was concluded that a host cell factor other than interferon was modulating the cyclic expression of the measles virus infection.
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PMID:Changes in the virus-host cell relationship in a stable non-virogenic cell line persistently infected with measles virus (BGM/MV). 11 38

Serological methods of mixed agglutination and indirect immunofluorescence showed the BGM/MV cell line to possess monkey antigens. As a means of further characterizing the species constitution of the BGM/MV cell line, the species specificity of viral-induced interferon from these cells, as well as the response of these cells to exogenous interferons, was determined. Low titers of spontaneously elaborated interferon capable of protecting monkey but not mouse cells were detected in BGM/MV culture fluids. Interferon induced by Newcastle disease virus infection of BGM/MV cells was capable of conferring an antiviral state on monkey and, to a lesser extent, on mouse cells. Exogenous interferons of both homologous (BGM/MV) and heterologous sources failed to confer an antiviral state on BGM/MV cells. BGM/MV cells were found to be partially refractive to superinfection with measles virus but freely replicated mumps and vesicular stomatitis virus.
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PMID:Characterization of an in vitro persistent-state measles virus infection: species characterization and interference in the BGM/MV cell line. 16 89

Specific immunity developed by mice against protozoan (Toxoplasma gondii and Besnoitia jellisoni) and bacterial (Listeria monocytogenes) infections was compared with nonspecific protection conferred by prior infections. The results indicated that homologous immunity protected mice from more than 10-5 LD50 of T. gondii or B. jellisoni, but from only 10-2 LD50 of L. monocytogenes. Heterospecific protection among these organisms was for 10-0.4 minus 10-1.2 LD50. In studies in hamsters specific immunity to protozoan (T. gondii and B. jellisoni) and viral (equine Herpesvirus type 1 and Oriboca virus) infections was compared with nonspecific protection conferred by prior infections with several heterospecific agents: T. gondii; B. jellison; equine Herpesvirus type 1; Oriboca, Ossa, vesicular stomatitis, yellow fever, and Newcastle disease viruses; L. monocytogenes; and the bacillus Calmette-Guerin strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The results indicated that homologous immunity in hamsters was effective against 10-6 minus 10-7 LD50 of T. gondii, B. jellisoni, equine Herpesvirus type 1, or Oriboca virus. Prior infection with Newcastle disease virus protected (probably by interferon induction) against 10-3 LD50 of equine Herpesvirus type 1. Heterospecific protection among other agents was for less than 10 LD50. This insignificant heterospecific protection in infections in which cellular immunity plays a role suggests that both the induction phase and the expression phase are specific.
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PMID:Specific immunity and nonspecific resistance to infection: listeria, protozoa, and viruses in mice and hamsters,. 16 41

The effect of human interferon on single-cycle replication of Herpesvirus hominis type 1 (HV-1) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in human foreskin fibroblast cultures (HFF) was studied. After treatment of HFF cultures with low concentrations (58 U) of human interferon, a variable but statistically significant inhibition of HV-1 was observed. At higher concentrations (greater than 95 U) yield reduction of HV in interferon-treated cultures approached that of VSV. Preliminary data indicate that antiviral activity decays more rapidly for HV-1 than for VSV after removal of interferon from cultures.
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PMID:Inhibition of Herpesvirus hominis replication by human interferon. 16 22

The ability of ascorbic acid, sodium salicylate, and caffeine to alter the circulating serum level of interferon was investigated in mice. The animals were singly injected subcutaneously with one of the compounds, 4-8 h later again singly injected intraperitoneally with poly I:C, and bled 6-8 h afterward. The sera from the mice were assayed for interferon titer by the use of the plaque inhibition method utilizing vesicular stomatitis virus. Ascorbic acid, sodium salicylate, and caffeine increased the serum level of interferon; however, the increase produced by sodium salicylate was dose-dependent, i.e. low doses increased interferon titers, high doses decreased the titers. Caffeine produced minimal increases in the interferon titer. These observations suggest that a potential prophylactic result may occur in virus infections from administration of the three compounds either singly or in combination at the proper concentration.
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PMID:Effect of ascorbic acid, sodium salicylate, and caffeine on the serum interferon level in response to viral infection. 16 98

Ocular viral infections are a major cause of loss of vision and their effective control by applications of chemical compounds has been extensively investigated. To achieve such a control, better understanding of virus-host-drug interactions become a necessity. Two models, hamster and rabbit cornea, were selected for assays of protection afforded by tilorone dihydrochloride against herpes simplex (HSV) and vesicular stomatitis viruses (VSV). To obtain basic biologic comparison between viral interference and interferon-induction by tilorone, the hamster cornea system was first studied to produce a mutual viral interference by double infection. Furthermore, its effect against ascending herpetic ocular infection into encephalitis was evaluated in the rabbit. This compound was reported to have promising results in improving manifestations such as corneal ulceration, uveitis and conjunctivitis.
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PMID:The mode of inhibition of herpes simplex and vesicular stomatitis ocular viral infections in the rabbit and hamster by an interferon inducer tilorone dihydrochloride. 16 23


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