Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The treatment of plasma with organic solvent/detergent mixtures at the time of plasma collection or pooling could reduce the exposure of technical staff to infectious viruses and enhance the viral safety of the final product. Treatment of plasma for 4 hours with 2-percent tri(n-butyl)phosphate (TNBP) at 37 degrees C, with 1-percent TNBP and 1-percent polyoxyethylensorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) at 30 degrees C, or with 1-percent TNBP and 1-percent polyoxyethylene ethers, (Triton X-45) at 30 degrees C resulted in the rapid and complete inactivation of greater than or equal to 10(4) tissue culture-infectious doses (TCID50) of vesicular stomatitis and Sindbis viruses, which are used as surrogates. Treatment of plasma with TNBP and TNBP and Tween-80 was shown to inactivate greater than or equal to 10(4) TCID50 of human immunodeficiency virus. TNBP treatment of plasma contaminated with 10(6) chimpanzee-infectious doses (CID50) of hepatitis B virus and 10(5) CID50 of non-A,non-B hepatitis virus prevented the transmission of hepatitis to chimpanzees. Immediately after treatment of plasma with 2-percent TNBP, the recovery of factors VIII, IX, and V and antithrombin III was 80, 90, 40, and 100 percent, respectively. Recovery of all factors was greater than or equal to 90 percent after treatment with TNBP and detergent mixtures. Treated plasma was fractionated by standard techniques into antihemophilic factor and prothrombin complex concentrates, immune globulin, and albumin. Prior treatment with TNBP or TNBP and detergent did not affect the separations of desired proteins. Therefore, it appears possible to inactivate viruses in plasma before the execution of standard fractionation procedures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The use of tri(n-butyl)phosphate detergent mixtures to inactivate hepatitis viruses and human immunodeficiency virus in plasma and plasma's subsequent fractionation. 175 94

Virus sterilization of blood plasma derivatives by addition of several naturally occurring fatty acids was evaluated using vesicular stomatitis virus and Sindbis virus as markers for lipid-enveloped virus inactivation and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Inactivation of greater than or equal to 10(4) tissue culture infectious doses (TCID50) of marker viruses added to antihemophilic factor (AHF) concentrates, with 60-100% retention of AHF activity, was achieved with oleic, 11-eicosenoic, linoleic, linolenic, palmitoleic and arachidonic acids. Elaidic, gamma-linolenic, palmitic, and arachidic acids and another fat-soluble compound previously reported to inactivate virus, butylated hydroxytoluene, were less effective. A long chain mono- but not a di- or triglyceride also displayed virucidal properties. Evaluation of the inactivation of HIV added to an immune globulin solution on exposure to 0.033% sodium oleate for 20 min indicated inactivation of greater than or equal to 10(3.4) TCID50. The degree of virus inactivation depended on the sample composition. A favorable balance was achieved between degree of virus inactivation and retention of protein function for AHF concentrate, prothrombin complex concentrate, antithrombin III concentrate, and immune globulin solution on incubation with 0.033% (w/v) sodium oleate at 24 degrees C for 4-6 h. Virus inactivation in whole plasma and plasma cryoprecipitate was not complete despite use of higher concentrations of sodium oleate and/or incubation at 37 degrees C. Reduced virus kill in these less purified derivatives probably is a consequence of their endogenous lipid and/or albumin.
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PMID:Inactivation of lipid-enveloped viruses in labile blood derivatives by unsaturated fatty acids. 283 69

Human plasma-derived protein concentrates intended for clinical use must be treated for viral inactivation to ensure patient safety. This study explored the use of liquid iodine for inactivation of several lipid- and nonlipid-enveloped viruses in an antithrombin III (AT-III) concentrate. Iodine at levels of 0.01% to 0.02% caused between 43% and 94% loss of AT-III activity, as well as degradation of AT-III as shown by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blot analysis. However, addition of up to 0.1% human albumin protected the AT-III against both inactivation and fragmentation. At albumin levels sufficient to retain greater than 75% of AT-III activity, greater than 6 logs of sindbis, encephalomyocarditis, and vesicular stomatitis viruses, greater than 4 logs of pseudorabies, and greater than 3 logs of human immunodeficiency virus were inactivated. Except with sindbis virus, this represented complete inactivation of all the viruses spiked into the AT-III concentrate.
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PMID:Iodine-mediated inactivation of lipid- and nonlipid-enveloped viruses in human antithrombin III concentrate. 760 9