Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Carcinomas of the exocrine pancreas respond poorly to most chemotherapy regimens. Recently continuous infusional 5-fluorouracil (200 mg m-(2)day-1) with 3 weekly cisplatin (60 mg m-2) and epirubicin (50 mg m-2) (the ECF regimen) has proven to be an active regimen in gastric and breast cancer and consequently worthy of further study in pancreatic cancer. Thirty-five patients were treated with the ECF regimen as above, of whom 29 were evaluable for response and 32 were evaluable for toxicity. The mean age was 59 years (range 37-75). Sixteen patients had locally advanced disease at presentation and 19 had metastases. Objective tumour responses were documented in five (17.3%) patients who achieved a partial response; in 18 (62%) patients there were no change and six (20.7%) patients progressed on therapy. Patients with either stable disease or partial response had a significantly improved overall survival (median = 253 days) compared with patients who progressed (median = 170 days; P = 0.01). Grade 3/4 (WHO) toxicity (all cycles) included alopecia in 18 (56%) patients, nausea/vomiting in eight (25%) stomatitis in three (9%) and diarrhoea in seven (22%) patients, with rhinorrhoea and excessive lacrimation in one patient each. Neutropenic sepsis occurred in 13 cycles in ten patients, and there was one toxic death due to sepsis. There were eight other episodes of non-neutropenic sepsis requiring hospital admission. Fourteen patients (40%) experienced complications with their Hickman lines, including thrombotic episodes (six patients) or their line falling out (five patients). ECF can prolong survival in patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer who demonstrate a response or stabilisation of their disease. However, this is associated with considerable toxicity.
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PMID:A phase II study of continuous-infusion 5-fluorouracil with cisplatin and epirubicin in inoperable pancreatic cancer. 863 Feb 89

NK911 is a novel supramolecular nanocarrier designed for the enhanced delivery of doxorubicin (DXR) and is one of the successful polymer micelle systems to exhibit an efficient accumulation in solid tumours in mice. The purpose of this study was to define the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) of NK911 and to evaluate its pharmacokinetic profile in man. NK911 was given intravenously to patients with solid tumours every 3 weeks using an infusion pump at a rate of 10 mg DXR equivalent min(-1). The starting dose was 6 mg DXR equivalent m(-2), and the dose was escalated according to the accelerated titration method. A total of 23 patients participated in this study. Neutropenia was the predominant haematological toxicity, and grade 3 or 4 neutropenia was observed at doses of 50 and 67 mg m(-2). Common nonhaematological toxicities were mild alopecia, stomatitis, and anorexia. In the dose identification part of the study, DLTs were observed at a dose of 67 mg m(-2) (grade 4 neutropenia lasting more than 5 days). Thus, this dosage level was determined to be the MTD. Infusion-related reactions were not observed in any cases. The C(5 min) and area under the concentration curve parameters of NK911 exhibited dose-dependent characteristics. Among the 23 patients, a partial response was obtained in one patient with metastatic pancreatic cancer. NK911 was well tolerated and produced only moderate nausea and vomiting at myelosuppressive dosages. The recommended phase II dose was determined to be 50 mg m(-2) every 3 weeks.
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PMID:Phase I clinical trial and pharmacokinetic evaluation of NK911, a micelle-encapsulated doxorubicin. 1547 60

In two patients with advanced pancreatic cancer with cervical lymph node or liver metastasis and no indication of pancreatic resection and radiotherapy, oral treatment with S-1 (an anti-cancer agent of fluoropyrimidine derivative) exerted high anti-tumor activity on the metastatic lesions. Both cases responded well to this therapy in the late phase II study of S-1 in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer designed to evaluate efficacy and safety. In Case 1 (with cervical lymph node metastasis), the anti-tumor efficacy of this therapy was evaluated as a partial response (PR) after the first four courses of treatment. In Case 2 (with liver metastasis), the efficacy was evaluated as PR for overall response. Thus, the therapy indicated excellent efficacy in both cases. No grade 3 or severe adverse event was noted in either of the two cases. In Case 1, grade 2 anemia, stomatitis, vomiting and fatigue, and some other mild events were noted. When used as a systemic chemotherapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer, oral treatment of S-1 is highly effective, tolerable and convenient in an outpatient clinic. This drug is a promising way to improve and preserve the QOL essential to long-term home care.
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PMID:[Two cases of advanced pancreatic cancer with cervical lymph node or liver metastasis responding well to S-1 monotherapy]. 1703 48