Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 37-year-old man was diagnosed as having a rectal cancer with familial adenomatous polyposis, with the mutation of APC gene, and gastric polyposis, hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium and a lipoma of the left arm. The patient underwent a total colectomy for the rectal cancer and a partial resection of the liver for metastasis (S3) which was detected on laparotomy, followed by cannulation in the hepatic artery. After the operation, 5-FU alone and low doses of CDDP and 5-FU were administered, but the level of serum CEA elevated and CT scanning showed multiple liver metastases. Then, low doses of leucovorin (30 mg/body bolus) and 5-FU (500 mg/body/h) were injected through an injection port every week. After 6 months, the level of serum CEA reduced and CT scanning showed minor response (about 30% on the decrease rate), without side effects, including diarrhea, stomatitis and bone marrow suppression.
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PMID:[A case of hepatic metastasis of rectal cancer with familial adenomatous polyposis treated by transarterial administration of low-dose leucovorin and 5-FU]. 949 38

Colorectal cancers develop as a consequence of genomic instability. Microsatellite instability is involved in the genesis of about 15% of sporadic colorectal cancers and in most hereditary non-polyposis cancers. High frequency MSI has been associated with a favorable prognosis, however it is not clear whether this is because MSI-H tumors are inherently less aggressive or because they are more sensitive to chemotherapy. Chemotherapy with a combination of 5-fluorouracil and leukovorin or levamizole has been the standard of care for high risk stage II and stage III CRC; it is also used in stage IV CRC. Several in vitro studies have shown that colon cancer cell lines displaying MSI-H are less responsive to fluorouracil than microsatellite-stable cell lines. Human studies, all of them retrospective, yielded conflicting results. The selection of patients with CRC for 5-FU treatment has been based so far on the stage of the tumor rather than the biology of the tumor. Although surgical staging is highly predictive of survival, there are indications that the form of genomic instability within a patient's colorectal tumor has clinical implications, with and without 5-FU treatment. This review suggests that patients with MSI-H colorectal tumors may not benefit from 5-FU-based chemotherapy and can avoid its potential side effects (nausea, diarrhea, stomatitis, dermatitis, alopecia, and neurologic symptoms) that occur in half the treated patients. If confirmed by future prospective randomized controlled studies, these findings would indicate that microsatellite-instability testing should be conducted routinely and the results used to direct rational adjuvant chemotherapy in colon cancer.
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PMID:Biologic behavior of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer and treatment with 5-fluorouracil. 1610 79