Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty-eight patients with a variety of advanced solid tumors were treated with a combination of adriamycin 50 mg/m2, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum 50 mg/m2, every 2 to 4 weeks. Fifteen patients responded with a greater than 50% regression of measurable tumor; six with lung cancer; one, carcinoma of the breast; one, ovary; one, cervix; one, prostate; one, testis; one, maxillary sinus; and one, salivary gland, plus one patient with chemodectoma and one with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary. Responses lasted 1 to 18 months, with a median of 6 months. An additional six patients, including two with adenocarcinoma of the lung three with carcinoma of the cervix, and one with embryonal cell testicular carcinoma improved (25-50% regression of the tumor). Toxicity encountered included myelosuppression, azotemia, alopecia, nausea, vomitting, and stomatitis. Severe hematologic toxicity occurred only in those with compromised marrow function or with concurrent active hepatitis. Major potentiation of toxicity by the combination does not appear to have occurred.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum in patients with neoplastic diseases. 98 19

Edatrexate (10-ethyl-10-deaza-aminopterin; CGP 30 694) is a methotrexate (MTX) analogue that shows promise against non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and other tumors. Since edatrexate's mechanism of action is the same as that of MTX, we used leucovorin in an attempt to alleviate its dose-limiting toxicity, stomatitis. In four patients with NSCLC who had experienced significant stomatitis after treatment with edatrexate, cyclophosphamide, and cisplatin, we observed a remarkable reduction in stomatitis following the administration of low-dose leucovorin. On the basis of the results obtained in these individuals, we treated 15 additional patients with this three-drug regimen plus leucovorin rescue. These subjects could tolerate the treatment with lesser degrees of stomatitis and received higher edatrexate doses in subsequent courses as compared with the patients who previously received this regimen without leucovorin rescue. This approach is expected to improve the therapeutic indices of edatrexate and edatrexate-containing chemotherapy regimens by modifying the dose-limiting toxicity of this antineoplastic agent.
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PMID:Alleviation by leucovorin of the dose-limiting toxicity of edatrexate: potential for improved therapeutic efficacy. 164 5

Eighteen previously untreated patients with histologically confirmed small-cell lung cancer were treated with high-dose epirubicin (course 1, 100 mg/m2; courses 2-6, 140 mg/m2, day 1), every 3 weeks. Overall response rate was 33% (95% confidence limits, 14-52%), including two complete and four partial responses. The response rates for limited (n = 11) and extensive (n = 7) disease patients were 45% and 14%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 18 months, estimated 2-year survival of all patients was 29% and the median duration of response 18.5 months. The dose-limiting toxicity was myelosuppression, with a median granulocyte nadir of 1,150/mm3; 39% of patients had neutropenic fever. Nausea/vomiting, alopecia, and stomatitis were the most common nonhematological toxicities, usually mild to moderate. Acute cardiac toxicity was unusual and no episodes of congestive heart failure were observed. Cumulative doses of 800 mg/m2 were associated with moderate cardiotoxicity (grade 2), as assessed by endomyocardial biopsy and electron microscopy analysis. These results indicate that epirubicin, at the present doses and schedule, is an active single agent in patients with small-cell lung cancer, with acceptable general and moderate cardiac toxicity.
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PMID:Phase II study of high-dose epirubicin in untreated patients with small-cell lung cancer. 216 38

A clinical trial of a new semi-synthetic podophyllotoxin, VP-16, was undertaken in patients with primary lung cancer; 56 of the 81 evaluable patients had small cell carcinoma, 9 adenocarcinoma, 8 epidermoid carcinoma, 7 large cell carcinoma, and 1 adenosquamous carcinoma. A dose of 200 mg/body/day orally for 5 consecutive days was administered every 3 to 4 weeks. Partial response (PR) was attained in 19 out of 81 (23%) and PR + MR was 35 out of 81 (43%). PR and minor response (MR) were seen as follows; small cell carcinoma, 17 PR (30%), 13 MR; epidermoid carcinoma, 2 PR (25%), 1 MR; adenocarcinoma, 1 MR; adenosquamous carcinoma, 1 MR. The dose-limiting factor was leukopenia, while thrombocytopenia was experienced in 2 cases. Clinical toxicities noted were anorexia, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhea and alopecia, but these were well tolerated in all cases. The result indicated that VP-16 has considerable efficacy in small cell carcinoma and epidermoid carcinoma of the lung and hence its usefulness in combination chemotherapy was suggested.
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PMID:[A phase II study of oral VP-16 in primary lung cancer]. 299 76

Forty-two patients with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma were treated with bleomycin, vincristine, and mitomycin C with or without methotrexate (BOM +/- M). The overall response rate of 64% (complete response [CR] rate, 19%) included 19 responses among 26 patients (seven CRs) with head and neck cancer, three responses among eight patients with cervical cancer, and three responses among five patients (one CR) with lung cancer. Six of 12 patients (two CRs) responded to BOM and 21 of 30 patients (six CRs) responded to BOMM. The median duration of response was 16 weeks. Toxic effects included nausea or vomiting in 33% of the patients, fever of > 101 degrees C in 26%, stomatitis in 29% and pulmonary toxicity in 19%. Four of eight cases of pulmonary toxicity were fatal and the incidence was related to the amount of both bleomycin and mitomycin C administered. The occurrence of pulmonary toxicity could not be predicted by serial determination of pulmonary function or blood gases. A wbc count nadir of < 2500/mm3 occurred in 15 of 42 patients. There were two episodes of sepsis with one death. A platelet count nadir of > 75,000/mm3 occurred in eight of 42 patients with no episodes of hemorrhage. BOMM produces a high objective response rate in patients with squamous cell cancer. However, the duration of remission is brief, and use of the regimen carries an increased risk of fatal pulmonary toxicity.
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PMID:Bleomycin, vincristine, and mitomycin C with or without methotrexate in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma. 616 Sep 14

Fifty-two patients with metastatic or recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated, during a phase II trial, with methylglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG). Of the 44 patients who had adequate trials, 4 had partial responses (PR), for an overall 9% PR rate. Response durations ranged from 3 to 5+ months. Prior treatment with chemotherapy may have adversely affected response rate; 15% of previously untreated patients responded, compared to only 4% of previously treated patients. A syndrome of weakness and fatigue was the most serious side effect. Anorexia and weight loss, stomatitis, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and peripheral neuropathy were the other toxic effects. We conclude that MGBG has activity in NSCLC, especially in previously untreated patients, and further studies are indicated in that population.
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PMID:Phase II trial of methylglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) in non-small-cell lung cancer. 627 32

A phase II study of KW 2083 [7-N-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-Mitomycin C] was carried out in 14 cases of stomach cancer, 5 of lung cancer, 5 of colon cancer and 5 other types of cancer. KW 2083 was intravenously injected at a dose of 40 mg/body weekly in 26 cases. Among 23 evaluable cases, partial response was obtained in 6 cases (26%). The PR cases were 4 of stomach cancer and 2 of lung cancer, the former being all undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. Regarding hematologic toxicities, thrombocytopenia was the most principal toxicity and an important weak point of KW 2083. Thrombocytopenia (less than 75,000/mm3) was observed in 13 cases (50%). Recovery took about 4 weeks, but by that time 3 cases had still not recovered to 75,000/mm3. leukocytopenia (less than 3,000/mm3) was observed in 17 cases (65%). Concerning gastrointestinal symptoms, anorexia occurred in 11 cases (42%), nausea and vomiting in 11 cases (42%), diarrhea in 1 case and stomatitis in 1 case. T1/2 (beta-phase) of KW 2083 was half that of Mitomycin C.
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PMID:[Phase II study of KW 2083 [7-N-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-mitomycin C] in patients with various cancers]. 650 15

Recent advances in the chemotherapy of malignant diseases, particularly, in hematopoietic malignancies, has opened oncologists' eyes in wonder, whereas the chemotherapy of solid malignant diseases including the carcinoma of the lung is not satisfactory compared with the results of other modalities such as radiotherapy and surgery. The chemotherapy, however, gradually becomes a great importance because the majority of the cases of lung cancer is that of advanced one. Between June, 1974 and December 1980 we experienced 54 inoperable cases of lung cancers among which there were 11 cases diagnosed as an anaplastic carcinoma. The combination chemotherapy of vincristine (1 mg/body, iv, day 1), methotrexate (30 mg/body, iv, day 1 and 5), ACNU (100mg/body, iv, day 2) and adriamycin (40mg/m2, iv, day 2) was employed. Vincristine and methotrexate were given every 3 weeks and ACNU and adriamycin were repeated every 9 weeks. If the moderate degree of neuropathy due to vincristine occurred it was suspended and methotrexate was stopped if WBC was less than 2000/mm or if patients were suffered from stomatitis which disturbed their swallowing. According to the response criteria of Koyama-Saito 4, cases were responded and one of them survived 17 months after the initiation of above 4-drug combination chemotherapy, although she received another combination chemotherapy because of the relapse of disease. The combination chemotherapy of ACNU and adriamycin was tried to utilize the advantage of their time different effects on the bone marrow suppression and to cover heterogenous histopathological diagnosis of anaplastic carcinoma. The heterogeneity of anaplastic carcinoma included undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma and even small cell carcinoma. In taking consideration of these points, the drug-combination was designed. Clinically, however, the long resting period made the tumor regrow in some cases due to severe delayed myelosuppression by the combination of ACNU and adriamycin. Thus, more cautiously-designed combination should be considered.
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PMID:[The combination chemotherapy of vincristine, methotrexate, ACNU, and adriamycin for anaplastic carcinoma of the lung]. 696 43

One-hundred-twenty patients with advanced lung cancer were treated by the MACC (methotrexate, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide and CCNU) regimen. Ninety-eight patients were evaluated. Objective complete response occurred in one case for 27+ months. Partial response was observed in 20 patients lasting for a median of 4.7 months. The overall objective response rate was 21% and the median duration of response was 5.5 months. Stable disease was noted in 44 patients with a median time to progression of 4.7 months from the start of treatment. Tumor progression occurred in 33 cases. There was a significant prolongation of median actuarial survival of responders (11.2 months) vs. stable disease (6.2 months) or vs. non-responders (3.8 months, P less than 0.05). The median actuarial survival for the whole group was 7.3 months. Bone marrow toxicity including thrombocytopenia (less than 100,000 cells/mm3) occurred in 16 patients and leukopenia (less than 3000 cells/mm3) in 24 patients. Forty-seven patients had no hematologic toxicity. Other adverse reactions were nausea and vomiting (50%), stomatitis (16%), alopecia (5%), cardiotoxicity (1%) and fever during leukopenia (1%).
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PMID:Four-drug combination chemotherapy in advanced lung cancer: methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and CCNU. 702 45

Twenty-seven patients with advanced solid tumors (ten with lung cancer, eight with sarcoma, five with melanoma, four with miscellaneous tumors) were treated with high-dose doxorubicin (120 mg/m2) every 3 weeks for a total of 75 courses. As expected, marked myelosuppression was observed, with all patients having a granulocyte count nadir of less than 500 cells/mm3. The median platelet count nadir was 91 X 10(3)/mm3 following the first cycle and 50 X 10(3)/mm3 following the fourth cycle. Moderate or severe stomatitis was seen with 65% of the courses, and 46% of the courses were complicated by fever greater than 101 degrees F. Congestive heart failure was observed in only one patient after five cycles (600 mg/m2) of high-dose therapy. This patient has received 540 mg/m2 of doxorubicin 2 years previously. Radionuclide ventriculography (MUGA) performed serially in 12 patients (eight of whom received 480 mg/m2) and clinical evaluation did not suggest an increased risk of cardiotoxicity at this dose rate. Overall, 11 of 24 (46%) evaluable patients responded (58% if patients with malignant melanoma are excluded). Responses included one complete and three partial responses in eight evaluable patients with lung cancer, one complete and two partial responses in seven evaluable patients with sarcoma, and no objective responses in five patients with malignant melanoma. With appropriate supportive care, repetitive courses of doxorubicin at a dose of 120 mg/m2 can be given to patients of good performance status without a major increase in cardiotoxicity. However, the low complete remission rate, considering the observed toxicity, does not justify routine use of this regimen in patients with solid tumors.
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PMID:High-dose doxorubicin: an exploration of the dose-response curve in human neoplasia. 706 37


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