Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A clinical phase I-II evaluation of 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole (A-TDA) administered daily, twice a week, or weekly was undertaken, in which 71 patients were treated with a range of doses from 2 mg/m2 to 200 mg/m2. Pharmacokinetic studies employing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) demonstrated a terminal (beta) serum half-life of 2.19 h. Stomatitis, dermatitis, nausea, vomiting, and lethargy were observed. No significant leukopenia or thrombocytopenia, however, was noted. A-TDA administration led to hyperuricemia, which was adequately controlled with concurrent administration of allopurinol. Antitumor responses included one partial response in a patient with large cell carcinoma of the lung and three objective responses (2 non-small cell lung and 1 squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus). Two patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung had a marked improvement of psoriasis during A-TDA therapy. Further phase II studies in patients with cancer and trials in patients with psoriasis are recommended.
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PMID:Clinical and clinical pharmacologic studies of 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole (A-TDA:NSC 4728). 293 41

Trimetrexate is a nonclassical folate antagonist. It was evaluated in 43 patients, previously not exposed to chemotherapy, with incurable and/or demonstrated progression of squamous cell head and neck cancer following surgery and/or radiotherapy. Trimetrexate was initially administered at 8 mg/m2 intravenous (IV) daily for 5 days, repeated every 3 to 4 weeks with dose adjustments depending on patient tolerance. Thirty-eight of the 43 patients entered in this study were evaluable for response. The 28 males and 10 females had a median age of 60 years. Their median performance status on the Zubrod scale was 1. Thirty-seven patients (97%) had received prior radiotherapy. The disease had metastasized in 84% of the patients with dissemination primarily to the subcutaneous soft tissue (40%). Ten patients (26%; with a 95% confidence interval of 12% to 40%) achieved a partial response (PR) with a median duration of 12.2 weeks (median time to PR was 3.2 weeks). The median survival of the 43 patients was 17.3 weeks with 10 patients alive at last follow-up. Hematologic grade 3 to 4 toxicities included leukopenia (19%), thrombocytopenia (9%), and granulocytopenia (5%). Nonhematologic grade 3 to 4 toxicities possibly attributable to trimetrexate treatment included stomatitis (7%).
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PMID:Trimetrexate as a single agent in patients with advanced head and neck cancer. 296 82

Typing for antigens HLA-A,B,C and DR was performed on 165 rheumatoid arthritis patients (14 black, 151 white) who had received gold therapy to determine the relationship between HLA antigens and gold dermatitis, stomatitis, thrombocytopenia, and proteinuria. Dermatitis and stomatitis occurred in both black and white patients. Thrombocytopenia and proteinuria occurred only among the white patients studied. The absence of thrombocytopenia and proteinuria among the black patients was not statistically significant. Antigen HLA-DR7 was uncommon among black and white subjects with dermatitis (0 of 6 blacks, 4 of 48 whites), but this decrease in frequency was not statistically significant. Antigen HLA-DR3 was an important risk factor for thrombocytopenia (relative risk = 11.8, P = .0043) and proteinuria (RR = 5.8, P = .032). These results are consistent with previous studies of HLA-DR3 and gold toxicity. The only black patient with stomatitis possessed the A1B8DR3 phenotype. Future studies should examine whether the same HLA antigen confers risk of different gold toxicities in different racial groups, and whether there are HLA antigens that provide a protective effect.
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PMID:Immunogenetic and racial determinants of gold toxicity in rheumatoid arthritis. 297 88

A clinical trial of a new semi-synthetic podophyllotoxin, VP-16, was undertaken in patients with primary lung cancer; 56 of the 81 evaluable patients had small cell carcinoma, 9 adenocarcinoma, 8 epidermoid carcinoma, 7 large cell carcinoma, and 1 adenosquamous carcinoma. A dose of 200 mg/body/day orally for 5 consecutive days was administered every 3 to 4 weeks. Partial response (PR) was attained in 19 out of 81 (23%) and PR + MR was 35 out of 81 (43%). PR and minor response (MR) were seen as follows; small cell carcinoma, 17 PR (30%), 13 MR; epidermoid carcinoma, 2 PR (25%), 1 MR; adenocarcinoma, 1 MR; adenosquamous carcinoma, 1 MR. The dose-limiting factor was leukopenia, while thrombocytopenia was experienced in 2 cases. Clinical toxicities noted were anorexia, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhea and alopecia, but these were well tolerated in all cases. The result indicated that VP-16 has considerable efficacy in small cell carcinoma and epidermoid carcinoma of the lung and hence its usefulness in combination chemotherapy was suggested.
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PMID:[A phase II study of oral VP-16 in primary lung cancer]. 299 76

Twenty-four patients with locally advanced (19 patients) or metastatic (5 patients) tumors were treated in a Phase I study combining constant intravenous infusions of iododeoxyuridine (IUdR) and hyperfractionated radiation therapy. IUdR was given as a constant infusion for 12 hours/day for two separate 14-day infusion periods in most patients. The dose of IUdR was escalated from 250 to 1200 mg/m2/12-hour infusion in this study. The initial tumor volume was treated to 45 Gy/1.5 Gy BID/3 weeks followed by a cone-down boost to 20-25 Gy/1.25 Gy BID/2 weeks after a planned 2-week break. THe IUdR infusion preceded the initial and cone-down irradiation by 1 week. Local acute toxicity (within the radiation volume) was uncommon and few patients required an alteration of the planned treatment schedule. Two patients developed late local toxicity with one patient showing clinical signs of radiation hepatitis and another patient developing a large bowel obstruction that required surgical bypass. Dose-limiting systemic toxicity was confined to the bone marrow with moderate to severe thrombocytopenia developing on Day 10-14 of infusions at 1200 mg/m2/12 hours. Mild stomatitis and partial alopecia occurred in some patients at this dose level. No systemic skin toxicity was seen. Pharmacology studies revealed steady-state arterial plasma levels of IUdR of 1 to 8 X 10(-6) M over the dose range used. In vivo IUdR incorporation into tumors was studied in three patients with high-grade sarcomas using an anti-IUdR monoclonal antibody and immunohistochemistry and demonstrated incorporation in up to 50-70% of tumor cells. The preliminary treatment results, particularly in patients with unresectable sarcomas, are encouraging. In comparison to our previous experience with intravenous bromodeoxyuridine, this Phase I study of IUdR shows less systemic toxicity (especially to skin), higher (2-3X) steady-state arterial levels, and comparable in vivo tumor cell incorporation.
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PMID:A phase I study of intravenous iododeoxyuridine as a clinical radiosensitizer. 299 90

The results of detailed clinical, hematological, immunological, and virological investigations of a female patient who within 16 months after hemotransfusion acutely developed a long-term disease with a undulant course accompanied by high fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatolienal syndrome, stomatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, are presented. Significant disorders in cell-mediated and humoral immunity were detected. Cytomegalovirus was isolated from the urine and saliva. The pathogenetic role of cytomegalovirus in the development and course of the disease is evaluated, and its etiological importance is discussed on a broader scale with regard to a possible association with retroviruses.
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PMID:[Cytomegalovirus infection and immunodeficiency]. 302 Aug

A phase II evaluation of vindesine (VDS) was performed in 16 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (ten patients with adenocarcinoma, six patients with squamous cell carcinoma, and one patient with large cell carcinoma). All except one of the patients had had prior chemotherapy. VDS at a dose of 3 mg/m2 was given intravenously every week for more than three weeks. Among 16 evaluable patients, two patients with pretreated adenocarcinoma of the lung showed partial response. The response rate for VDS was 12.5%. Toxic effects included leukopenia (94%), anemia (44%), thrombopenia (13%), alopecia (38%), peripheral neurotoxicity (38%), liver injury (19%), constipation (13%), anorexia (13%), nausea (13%), stomatitis (6%) and fever (6%).
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PMID:[A phase II study of vindesine for pretreated non-small cell lung cancer]. 303 21

A phase II clinical trial was designed to apply the treatment strategy of alternating non-cross-resistant chemotherapy regimens to patients with metastatic estrogen-receptor negative or hormone-refractory breast cancer. Twenty-six patients received Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide alternating at 3-week intervals with the combination of vinblastine, mitomycin-C, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Toxicity was moderately severe. Two patients developed grade 2 and three developed grade 1 stomatitis. A single patient developed a WBC count of less than 1000/mm3, whereas five had a lowest recorded WBC count of 1,000-1,999/mm3. Two patients displayed thrombocytopenia of less than 50,000/mm3, one in conjunction with a fatal hemolytic-uremic syndrome. There were six complete and eight partial responses (PRs) for an objective response rate of 54% (64% of fully evaluable patients). The median survival after onset of protocol therapy was 13.3 months. These results are no better than those reported for other Adriamycin-containing regimens.
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PMID:Alternating non-cross-resistant chemotherapy for metastatic hormone-independent breast cancer. 313 44

In an effort to improve the treatment of patients with refractory or recurrent lymphoma, we developed a protocol using cis-platinum combined with two other agents of known efficacy in these disorders but with differing side effects: VP-16 and MGBG. Twenty-six eligible patients were treated with this regimen. There were 15 men and 11 women with a median age of 54 years (22-73), and performance status of 1 (0-3). Their diagnoses were Hodgkin's disease 5 and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [NHL] 21 which included 11 with diffuse histocytic lymphoma [DHL]. The median number of chemotherapy regimens was 2 (1-5); 12 also received radiotherapy. Twenty patients are evaluable for response: 15 NHL and 5 Hodgkin's disease. Three patients, all of whom had DHL entered complete remission (20%) with a median time to treatment failure of 7 1/2 months. Six NHL (40%) and one Hodgkin's disease (20%) patients entered a partial remission. There were three early deaths: one due to progressive disease, one to acute respiratory failure, and one with disease status undocumented. Toxicity included leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, alopecia, renal failure, profound peripheral neuropathy, and hypersensitivity vasculitis. Treatment was stopped because of the latter two. These agents are non-crossresistant with doxorubicin-containing regimens. The drugs are possibly synergistic and modestly active with moderate to severe toxicity.
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PMID:Cisplatin, VP-16-213 and MGBG (methylglyoxal bis guanylhydrazone) combination chemotherapy in refractory lymphoma, a phase II study. 319 89

Twenty-six patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis who had completed a randomized crossover trial of methotrexate elected to continue to receive the drug in a long-term prospective study. At 36 months, 16 patients remained in the study. Over this period of time, significant improvement was noted in the number of painful and swollen joints, physician and patient global assessments, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and prednisone dose. Adverse reactions occurred in 16 patients (62%), including nausea, alopecia, headache, stomatitis, herpes zoster, and diarrhea. Mild leukopenia (3 patients), thrombocytopenia (3 patients), and elevated transaminase levels (8 patients) resolved with temporary drug discontinuation. No patient withdrew due to drug toxicity. Liver biopsy specimens in 17 patients after 24 months of treatment showed no evidence of fibrosis or cirrhosis. A significant increase in the percentage of T3 and T4 blood cells and increases in lymphocyte proliferation to concanavalin A and purified protein derivative of tuberculin were found after 2 years of therapy. Our findings indicate that methotrexate has remained effective over 36 months of therapy, with acceptable toxicity levels and no evidence of systemic immunosuppression.
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PMID:Long-term prospective trial of low-dose methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. 291 60


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