Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-two patients with measurable metastatic gastric cancer, refractory to prior chemotherapy, were treated with a combination chemotherapy of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and cisdiamminedichroloplatinum (II) (CDDP). 5FU was continuously infused for five consecutive days at a dose of 800 mg/m2/day, and CDDP was given intravenously for five days at a dose of 20 mg/m2/day over 30 min every four weeks. All patients had received only one regimen of prior chemotherapy, and 10 of the 22 had been pretreated with combination of etoposide, doxorubicin and CDDP (EAP). It was possible to evaluate 20 of the 22 patients treated for response and toxicity. Nine of the 20 patients achieved a partial response, the response rate being 45% (23-67% with 95% confidence limits). The nine patients who responded included three who had been pretreated with EAP, indicating that 5FU + CDDP can be used as a second line chemotherapy against gastric cancer, even when the initial intensive chemotherapy, such as EAP, has failed to obtain or maintain a response. High grade toxicities (WHO grade 3 or 4) of leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and stomatitis were seen in 20, 25 and 40%, respectively. No treatment-related death was, however, observed. The above results suggest that 5FU + CDDP could be promising in a phase II trial with a large number of cases.
 ...
PMID:An early phase II study of 5-fluorouracil combined with cisplatinum as a second line chemotherapy against metastatic gastric cancer. 206 26

One hundred and forty patients with classic or definite rheumatoid polyarthritis were treated with N2 mercapto-propionly-glycine: thiopronine (Acadione) at an average dose of 1 g per day over a mean duration of 11.7 months + 10.7 months. The retrospective study of these cases, followed between 1980 and 1988 by the same medical team, permits to evaluate the long-term tolerance of the product. Adverse reaction, always subsiding were observed in 55 p. cent of the patients, requiring discontinuation of the treatment in 40 p. cent of the cases. These side effects occur in 3/4 of the cases, during the first 6 months of the treatment. The intolerance mainly affect skin and mucosae: 46 cases (32.8 p. cent) resulting in 32 instances (22.8 p. cent) discontinuation of the treatment because of stomatitis, pruritus, various types of erythema, pemphigus (1 case). Fourteen patients presented a renal failure (10 p. cent) requiring in 8 instances (5.7 p. cent) discontinuation of the thiopronine because of nephrotic syndrome (3 case) and proteinuria (5 cases). Haematological disorders were observed in 13 instances (9.2 p. cent), justifying, in 10 instances (7.1 p. cent) discontinuation of the treatment because of thrombopenia or leucothrombopenia. The other side effects observed are the following: digestive disorders 15 cases (10.7 p. cent) requiring discontinuation of the treatment in 3 instances (2.1 p. cent), agueusia in 6 instances (4.2 p. cent) requiring discontinuation of the treatment in one case; miscellaneous disorders 13.5 p. cent for which the responsibility of thiopronine is not precisely established (especially hepatic cholostasis, muscle disorders), requiring discontinuation the the treatment in 1.4 p. cent of the cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Long-term tolerability of tiopronin (Acadione) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Apropos of 140 personal cases]. 213 12

Forty-seven patients with solid tumors were treated on a phase I study of menogaril administered by mouth once per week. Nausea and vomiting were excessive at weekly doses of 350 and 450 mg/m2/week but were tolerable and controlled reasonably well by antiemetics at lower doses. There appeared to be a relatively shallow dose-vs-granulocytopenia curve above a menogaril dose of 180 mg/m2/week. No patient receiving chronic dexamethasone for cerebral edema developed granulocytopenia, even at menogaril doses of 350-450 mg/m2/week. Two patients developed neutropenic infection. No patient developed thrombocytopenia. Mild arrhythmias were seen in 3 patients. Two patients suffered possible myocardial infarcts that may not have been related to treatment. Asymptomatic blood pressure fluctuations were common and were probably not related to treatment. Diarrhea was dose-related but was generally not severe. Alopecia and stomatitis occurred occasionally. Minor responses were seen in two patients with gliomas, and three of five evaluable prostate cancer patients experienced marked pain relief. The dose recommended for phase II studies is 250-300 mg/m2/week with antiemetic pretreatment. This schedule appears to allow an oral menogaril dose-intensity that is approximately double that attainable with other oral schedules that have been studied.
 ...
PMID:Phase I study of oral menogaril administered on a once weekly schedule. 214 May 64

Previous study has shown that the combination of mitoxantrone (Novantrone, NO) and Ara-C (AC) (NOAC) was active in refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) but myelosuppression was dose-limiting. In a pilot study, we investigated the effects of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) after NOAC chemotherapy in patients with refractory NHL. NO was applied at a dosage of 10 mg/m2/day on days 2 and 3 and AC at 3 g/m2/12h on days 1 and 2. RhGM-CSF was administered at 250 ug/m2/day as a continuous i.v. infusion from day 6 until the neutrophils were greater than 3.0/nl for 3 consecutive days. Twenty-three patients from five of the nine participating centers were treated with NOAC chemotherapy plus rhGM-CSF, whereas 14 patients from the other four centers received chemotherapy alone. With rhGM-CSF, the median duration of severe neutropenia (less than 0.5/nl) after NOAC was 8 days versus a median of 13 days without rhGM-CSF (P = 0.0058), and that of thrombocytopenia (less than 20.0/nl), 3 days versus 7 days (P greater than 0.4, NS). The rates of infections and stomatitis were 25% and 17%, respectively, for patients treated with rhGM-CSF as compared to 53% (P = 0.0547, NS) and 60% (P = 0.0078), respectively, without rhGM-CSF. The following side effects were associated with the administration of rhGM-CSF: pleural and/or pericardial effusions in five patients, thrombosis in two patients, bone pain in two patients, and respiratory distress syndrome in one patient. A complete remission was achieved in nine of the 23 patients treated with NOAC plus rhGM-CSF, and in two of the 14 patients treated with chemotherapy alone. The median survival of patients treated with rhGM-CSF was not reached at 400 days and seemed to be longer than that of patients treated with chemotherapy alone (median, 109 days; P = 0.036). RhGM-CSF after chemotherapy can be applied safely to patients with NHL, shorten the period of severe cytopenia, reduce the rates of stomatitis, and did not seem to cause adverse effects on response.
 ...
PMID:Mitoxantrone/high-dose Ara-C and recombinant human GM-CSF in the treatment of refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. A pilot study. 219 41

Sixteen patients with metastatic carcinoma of the colon were treated with a regimen of leucovorin 200 mg/m2, given as a 10-min infusion followed by a median dose of 833 mg/m2 (range 500-1000 mg/m2) 5-fluorouracil every two weeks. For the 16 patients with proven metastatic disease, two-year survival exceeds 50%. Responses were: 2 complete; 4 partial; 4 minor; 3 progression; and 3 not evaluable but without progression to date. Toxicities include: 8 (50%) leukopenia; 9 (56%), 1 severe thrombocytopenia; 9 (56%), 2 severe, diarrhea; 9 (56%), 3 severe, nausea/vomiting; 8 (50%), 1 severe, stomatitis; 7 (44%) conjunctivitis; 6 (38%) alopecia; and 13 (81%), 3 severe, neurotoxicity. Leucovorin appears to exert a dose-dependent beneficial effect on both the response and survival produced by the intermittent high-dose 5-fluorouracil schedule. This benefit first appears to increase substantially when the leucovorin dose is increased from 120 to 200 mg/m2. Findings identify a testable candidate regimen for selected good risk patients. Full selection criteria remain to be identified.
 ...
PMID:Dose-dependent leucovorin efficacy with an intermittent high-dose 5-fluorouracil schedule. 220 56

Thirty-one elderly patients with measurable advanced breast cancer entered this phase II study. A dose of 15 mg/m2/day of Idarubicin (IDA) for 3 consecutive days every 3 weeks was given orally. Mean total cumulative dose of IDA received was 175 mg/m2 (range: 45-475 mg/m2). Mean number of cycles given was four (range: 1-15). Out of 27 evaluable patients, three achieved a complete response (CR), four had a partial response (PR) (CR + PR = 26 +/- 17%), nine showed no change, and 11 had a progressive disease. Median time to progression was 83 days (range: 19-728 days). Out of 26 patients evaluable for toxicity, hematologic toxicity at day 21 was moderate: neutropenia grades 3 and 4 = 16% of cycles: two patients had grade 1 thrombopenia; and three patients, grade 3. No cumulative hematologic toxicity was detected. Nonhematologic toxicities consisted of nausea and vomiting in 72% of patients [World Health Organization (WHO) grades 3 and 4 = 8%)] and alopecia in 76% (WHO grades 2-3 = 38%). Grade 1 stomatitis occurred in 4% of cycles. Chemotherapy was discontinued in one patient because of drop of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from 0.62 to 0.44 at a cumulative IDA dosage of 322 mg/m2. The results of this study show that IDA is an active drug in elderly patients with advanced breast cancer. Due to its simplicity of administration IDA deserves further investigations in combination with other drugs.
 ...
PMID:Phase II study of oral idarubicin in elderly patients with advanced breast cancer. 222 Jun 64

4'-O-Tetrahydropyranyl adriamycin (THP adriamycin) is a new anthracycline active as a single drug in advanced breast cancer. We have undertaken a phase II study as first-line treatment for metastatic disease with THP adriamycin day 1 = 40 mg/m2 i.v. bolus and 5-fluorouracil day 1 to day 5 = 750 mg/m2 as a continuous i.v. infusion. The dose of THP adriamycin was further escalated up to the maximal tolerated dose defined as grade 3 granulopenia for each patient. Thirty-nine patients were included, 37 being so far evaluable for toxicity and for efficacy. The mean number of cycles given was 5 (range: 2-12). The overall response rate (CR + PR) was 54% (95% CI: 37.9-70.1) and the CR rate 8%. Sites of response were as follows: lung 6/9, liver 11/18, breast 4/8, nodes 7/14, skin 3/8, bone 2/8. Neutropenia with grade 3 + 4 nadir values was observed in 70.2% of the patients according to the objective of the study. No severe thrombopenia or anemia occurred. Stomatitis grade 3 was seen in 27% and grade 4 in 3% of the patients. Alopecia grade 2 was seen in 18% and grade 3 in 9%. No other toxicity was observed. We conclude that this association is effective in metastatic breast cancer, giving few alopecia. A high response rate in liver metastases warrants further evaluation.
 ...
PMID:Association of bolus tetrahydropyranyl adriamycin and 120 hours continuous 5-fluorouracil infusion in patients with metastatic breast cancer. 229 56

We have previously shown that the combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FUra) and recombinant alpha-2a-interferon (rIFN-alpha-2a) produced objective responses in 23 of 32 (63%) previously untreated patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. Because in vitro data suggest that rIFN-alpha-2a modulates the cytotoxic effects of 5FUra in a concentration-dependent manner, a phase I clinical trial was initiated to determine the maximum tolerated dose of rIFN-alpha 2a when administered in combination with 5FUra. A total of 27 patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma were enrolled. The median age was 64 years, and the median performance status was 1. A total of 18 patients had no prior chemotherapy and 19 no prior 5FUra. 5FUra was administered at 750 mg/m2/day by continuous i.v. infusion for 5 days, followed by weekly bolus therapy. rIFN-alpha 2a was administered at 6, 9, 12, 15, or 18 x 10(6) units s.c. beginning on day 1. The dose-limiting toxicity of this regimen was fatigue, resulting in a decrease in performance status, and this was the only toxicity that correlated with increasing dose of rIFN-alpha 2a. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group grade 3-4 toxicities included leukopenia (6), thrombocytopenia (2), anemia (4), stomatitis (4), diarrhea (4), neurological (2), infection (2), and allergy (2). Three quarters of the patients required interruption of therapy or dose reductions of either 5FUra or rIFN-alpha 2a for toxicity. Among the patients with measurable disease who were previously untreated with 5FUra, 5 of 9 at the lowest dose levels achieved an objective response, including one pathological complete responder, whereas 0 of 9 at the three highest dose levels responded. Among patients previously treated with 5FUra, only 1 achieved an objective response. We conclude that the maximum tolerated dose of rIFN-alpha 2a, when administered with 5FUra as above, is 15-18 x 10(6) units; however, the efficacy of this regimen does not appear to be related to the dose intensity of rIFN-alpha 2a, and future regimens should employ a lower dose, intermittent schedule of rIFN-alpha 2a, which may be better tolerated.
 ...
PMID:Phase I trial of 5-fluorouracil and recombinant alpha 2a-interferon in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. 231 95

Preliminary data of an ongoing phase II-study in metastatic breast cancer patients are presented. Patients with metastatic breast cancer entered the study after hormone therapy had failed; prior treatment with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CMF) was also allowed. The patients were treated with three cycles of 40 mg/m2 epirubicin i.v. on days 1-3 and 4 x 120 mg oral verapamil on days 0-3, given every 3-4 weeks. After three chemotherapy courses, ifosfamide was given as a short infusion of 3 g/m2 on days 1-3. Mesna (20% of the total ifosfamide dose) was given 0, 4 and 8 h after ifosfamide administration. Response was evaluated after three cycles of epirubicin/verapamil and after the last (third) cycle of ifosfamide. The side effects of this treatment were tolerable. The epirubicin/verapamil combination was no more toxic than epirubicin alone. Despite the high dose of verapamil, systolic blood pressure remained above 80 mm Hg, and patients never had a period of strict bed rest. Alopecia was almost complete after induction therapy with epirubicin/verapamil, and nausea and vomiting were absent or mild during epirubicin/verapamil chemotherapy and were easily controlled by antiemetics during ifosfamide treatment. Stomatitis and mucositis, the main toxic effects, could be ameliorated by intensive mouth-washing procedures. The haematological toxicity was greater after epirubicin/verapamil treatment than after ifosfamide therapy, but neither bleeding nor infections due to thrombocytopenia or leucopenia were observed.
 ...
PMID:A phase II study of intensive-dose epirubicin/verapamil as induction therapy followed by intensive-dose ifosfamide for advanced breast cancer. 234 58

We have treated 14 cancer patients with liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin (LED) at doses of 30, 45, 60, and 90 mg/m2. Nausea and vomiting, phlebitis, and stomatitis were minimal or absent at each dose, but dose-limiting granulocytopenia occurred at 90 mg/m2. Thrombocytopenia and/or anemia also occurred in all patients treated at 60 or 90 mg/m2. Complete alopecia was seen in one of three cases at 60 mg/m2 and all cases at 90 mg/m2. No hepatic, renal, or other major organ toxicities were encountered. Clinical cardiac toxicity did not occur in any patient, but the cumulative doxorubicin doses in 13 cases were less than 400 mg/m2. The plasma elimination of LED out to 24 hours was analyzed in terms of a two-compartment model. Depending upon the dose and the infusion time, maximum plasma concentrations ranged from 2.6 mumol/L to 36.89 mumol/L and the area under the plasma concentration x time curve (AUC) values ranged from 1.86 mumol/L x h/L to 49.57 mumol x h/L. These values are significantly higher than those expected for free doxorubicin. Urinary excretion of LED was approximately 10% after 24 hours. Doxorubicinol and doxorubicinone appeared at low levels in plasma 12 to 24 hours after injection. LED pharmacokinetics differ from those of free drug by the higher plasma levels and AUC of doxorubicin achieved, and by the low conversion of LED to metabolites. Overall, LED was well tolerated and produced only moderate nausea and vomiting and little stomatitis at myelosuppressive doses. The study also suggested that LED produces less venous sclerosis than free doxorubicin, but this requires further clinical verification.
 ...
PMID:A phase I clinical trial and pharmacokinetic evaluation of liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin. 234 24


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>