Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human embryonic lung (MRC-5), feline embryo (FEA), mink lung (Mv1Lu) and monkey kidney (BSC-1) cells infected by respiratory syncytial virus showed characteristic morphological changes when viewed by scanning electron microscopy. The surfaces of respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells developed a profusion of slender filaments after 48 h incubation at 31 degrees C. Similar changes in surface morphology were observed in BSC-1 cells infected by murine pneumonia virus. Filament production therefore appears to be a common property of pneumo-viruses. Filaments were not observed in cells infected with either syncytial and non-syncytial herpes simplex virus, the cytocidal vesicular stomatitis and Batai (Bunyaviridae) viruses, or the focus-inducing rabbit fibroma virus. Filament production was not observed in cells infected with ts mutants of respiratory syncytial (RS) virus during incubation at the restrictive temperature, or in a persistently infected culture of BSC-1 cells at 37 degrees C. The persistently infected cells (the RS ts 1/BSC-1 line) had some of the characteristics of cells transformed by oncogenic viruses, namely ability to overlap adjacent cells and agglutination by a low concentration of concanavalin A. The pseudo-transformed phenotype was temperature-dependent, however, and suppressed by raising the temperature of incubation to 39 degrees C. The presence of virus antigen at the cell surface was similarly temperature-dependent in these cells, diminished at high temperature (39 degrees C) and enhanced at low temperature (31 degrees C), suggesting that the changes in the host cell were the result of insertion of virus protein into the cell membrane. Evidently, persistent infection by a cytoplasmic virus can produce alterations in the host cell usually associated with transformation by nuclear viruses.
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PMID:Pneumoviruses: the cell surface of lytically and persistently infected cells. 11 36

In vitro production of interferon by blood leukocytes from patients with lymphosarcoma, lymphogranulomatosis, leukemia, cancer tumours, pneumonia, as well as by leukocytes of mice with Rauscher leukemia, and mice in the condition of hyporeactivity to interferon inducer was studied. Alongside with quantitative differences in interferon production, biological differences in the properties of interferons produced of normal and sick humans and animals were revealed. The biological differences consist in that the interferon produced by leukocytes from cancer and leukemia patients interacting with homologous cell culture is conducive to more rapid formation of resistance to the indicator virus than the interferon produced by normal leukocytes. Thus, resistance of the homologous cell culture to the infection with the indicator vesicular stomatitis virus developed within 1--2 hours after contact with leukocyte interferon from patients and only within 5--6 hours after contact with that of normal subjects. This finding is not specific for cancer and leukemia, as the same was observed with specimens from patients with pneumonia and from mice hyporeactive to interferon inducer. It is suggested that patients with cancer and leukemia have a state of interferon hyporeactivity.
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PMID:[Differences in the properties of the interferons produced by the leukocytes of healthy persons and of cancer and leukemia patients]. 50 7

A review of the medical literature and two case reports of M. pneumoniae infections with exanthems are presented. Erythematous maculopapular and vesicular exanthems were most common. The duration of rash was more than seven days in the majority of instances, and most patients had associated pneumonia. A striking difference in prevalence and clinical symptomatology by sex was noted; 16 of 20 patients analyzed were males, and they frequently dad severe mucocutaneous syndromes. In contrast, severe conjunctivitis, generalized ulcerative stomatitis, and vesicular or bullous exanthems were not seen in females. Clinicians should suspect infection with M. pneumoniae in patients with exanthem and pneumonia, although other etiologic possibilities should also be considered.
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PMID:Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections and exanthems. 110 Jul 93

Hundreds of striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) died along the Spanish Mediterranean coast during the second half of 1990. We necropsied 58 dolphins. Partial collapse of the lungs with patchy atelectasis, subcutaneous edema, icterus, and stomatitis were the most prominent gross morphologic changes. Histologically, a bronchiolo-interstitial pneumonia was the most frequent lesion (72% of the animals). It was characterized by hyperplasia of alveolar epithelial type II cells and formation of multinucleate syncytia in alveolar and bronchiolar lumina. Other prominent lesions were encephalitis (69%), lymphoid depletion, and formation of multinucleate syncytia in the cortex of lymph nodes. The distribution of morbillivirus antigen was investigated in 23 well-preserved dolphins using a monoclonal antibody against the hemagglutinin glycoprotein of phocine distemper virus. Positive immunostaining was found in brain (77%), in lung (70%), and in mesenteric (61%), mediastinal (47%), and prescapular (45%) lymph nodes. Phocine distemper virus antigen was demonstrated less frequently in trachea, stomach, biliary epithelium, intestine, kidney, and mammary gland. Necrotizing-hemorrhagic pneumonia and encephalitis due to Aspergillus fumigatus were seen in three dolphins, whereas two animals had lesions of toxoplasmosis. Changes in our dolphins were similar to those caused by distemper in seals and porpoises. The origin of the dolphin virus and the relationships among dolphin, seal, and porpoise morbilli viruses are unknown.
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PMID:Pathologic and immunocytochemical studies of morbillivirus infection in striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba). 155 61

A 71-year-old man was admitted to the Wake Forest University/Baptist Hospital Medical Center on February 1, 1989, with pharyngitis and a cutaneous eruption that began that day. The past history was significant for a diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) made in 1984, and for longstanding hypertension, severe coronary artery disease, and prostatic hypertrophy. The patient had required no therapy for his CLL until August, 1988, when he developed hemolytic anemia and was treated with oral chlorambucil, 4 mg/day, and a tapering course of prednisone. By December, 1988, the prednisone therapy had been discontinued, but the patient required hospital admission for pneumococcal pneumonia, which responded well to intravenous antibiotic therapy. One day prior to the current admission the patient complained of persistent fevers, sore throat, productive cough, and headache. He noted a new cutaneous eruption on the day of admission in February, 1989. The past history was positive for occasional herpes stomatitis. The patient did not know if he had previously been infected with varicella. Skin examination revealed multiple (greater than 20), single, and grouped vesicles in a generalized distribution involving the bilateral trunk, head, neck, arms, and legs. The heaviest involvement was on the right posterior auricular area and on the neck. A Tzanck preparation obtained from an early lesion was positive for multinucleated giant cells. Viral culture was negative at 24 hours and at 1 week. A skin biopsy of an early vesicular lesion was performed and revealed intraepidermal vesicles with acantholysis and giant cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Granuloma annulare and disseminated herpes zoster. 145 73

The complete nucleotide sequence of gene 3 of pneumonia virus of mice has been determined, and the 5' end of the mRNA mapped using a modification of the polymerase chain reaction technique. The gene contains a single open reading frame, beginning with a 5'-proximal AUG initiation codon, encoding a polypeptide with a predicted Mr of 43141. Expression of the gene 3 protein in Escherichia coli and in vitro showed that it reacted with virus-specific antiserum and comigrated with the major nucleocapsid (N) polypeptide. The predicted amino acid sequence has extensive identity with that of the N protein of human respiratory syncytial virus. Comparisons with the amino acid sequences of N proteins of other paramyxoviruses, vesicular stomatitis virus and Ebola virus suggest that these proteins may have retained much of the same structure. These regions of conserved structure would most likely have the common functions of RNA binding and protein/protein interactions in the virus nucleocapsid.
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PMID:Sequence of the major nucleocapsid protein gene of pneumonia virus of mice: sequence comparisons suggest structural homology between nucleocapsid proteins of pneumoviruses, paramyxoviruses, rhabdoviruses and filoviruses. 184 2

Ten goats were inoculated with peste des petits ruminants virus, a paramyxovirus closely related to rinderpest virus. All goats developed severe clinical disease, 8/10 having coughing or dyspnea as prominent clinical signs. In addition, all of the goats had stomatitis and diarrhea. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies were done only on the respiratory tracts. Pathologic changes ranged from mild multifocal bronchiolitis and bronchitis to severe bronchointerstitial pneumonia. Lesions were more severe in anteroventral than caudal lobes. The histologic nature of the viral process in the goat lungs had many features in common with the processes of pneumonia in dogs, due to canine distemper, or pneumonia in human beings, due to measles virus. Immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded respiratory tract tissue was performed using an indirect system with rabbit anti-rinderpest virus serum, biotinylated anti-rabbit antibody, streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase, and nitroblue tetrazolium chromogen. Staining was sensitive, highlighting the presence of viral antigen in both lung and trachea of all goats. Viral antigen was found in both cytoplasm and nucleus of tracheal, bronchial, and bronchiolar epithelial cells, type II pneumocytes, syncytial cells, and alveolar macrophages. In general, the amount of staining correlated directly with the severity of the inflammatory process.
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PMID:An immunohistochemical study of the pneumonia caused by peste des petits ruminants virus. 206 17

Between October 1980 and December 1985, 50 patients with esophageal cancer were treated with combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil [5-FU] and mitomycin C). Thirty patients with stage I or II disease received definitive treatment consisting of 6,000 cGy in 6 to 7 weeks and 5-FU (1,000 mg/m2/24 h) as a continuous intravenous (IV) infusion for 96 hours, starting on days 2 and 29. Mitomycin C (10 mg/m2) was administered as a bolus injection on day 2. Twenty patients received palliative treatment (5,000 cGy plus chemotherapy) for stage III or IV disease (extraesophageal spread or distant metastases). All patients treated in this program had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0, 1, or 2. Of the 30 definitively treated patients, 23 had squamous cell cancer, while seven had adenocarcinoma. Follow-up ranged from 6 months to 63 months. The complete response rate at 1 to 3 months following completion of treatment was 87% (26 of 30) documented by barium swallow and endoscopy (+/- biopsy). The actuarially determined local relapse-free rate at 1 year and beyond was 73%, and the actuarial survivals at 1, 2, and 5 years were 68%, 47%, and 32%, respectively. Of the 20 palliatively treated patients, ten had squamous cell carcinoma, eight had adenocarcinoma, and two had undifferentiated carcinoma. Seventeen patients were evaluable for freedom from dysphagia 1 or more months following completion of treatment. Eighty-two percent of evaluable patients (14 of 17) had no dysphagia posttreatment, while 64% (11 of 17) remained free of dysphagia until death or last follow-up, emphasizing the significant local control of those patients. The median survival for this group was 8 months. Treatment was well tolerated, and acute toxicity included esophagitis, stomatitis, oral candidiasis, and hematologic toxicities of thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. Late toxicities were predominantly manifested as a mild to moderate benign stricture, which required dilatation in four patients. One patient developed a perforation into the mediastinum in the absence of tumor, while two patients with persistent local disease developed tracheoesophageal fistula, and radiation pneumonitis was observed in two patients. This combination of radiation therapy with infusional 5-FU and mitomycin C is an effective and relatively well-tolerated regimen in the treatment of esophageal cancer. Surgical resection may not be necessary when high-dose radiation and chemotherapy are used.
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PMID:Nonsurgical management of esophageal cancer: report of a study of combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy. 244 31

Thirty patients with Stage III non-small cell lung cancer were entered on a trial to evaluate the feasibility of combined radiation and concomitant 5-fluorouracil infusion. Patients had received prior debulking surgery (nine), induction chemotherapy (16), or no therapy (five). Radiation employed standard fractionation (180-200 rad/day) administered to a median cumulative dose of 5500 rad (range, 4500-6200 rad). 5-Fluorouracil was infused 24 hours per day throughout the period of radiation at a dose of 300 mg/m2/day for a median of 42 days (range, 28-56 days). Radiation complications included pneumonitis three of 30 (10%) and esophagitis (27%). Chemotherapy complications included stomatitis, two of 27 (7%), and hand-foot syndrome, three of 30 (10%). Treatment interruptions were necessary in six of 30 (20%) and four of 30 required parenteral nutrition. At a median follow-up of 12 months 26/30 (87%) maintained local control and eight had distant metastases (three of whom presented with Stage IV disease). 5-Fluorouracil delivered continuously throughout standard fractionation radiation to high cumulative doses is feasible and practical. Comparative clinical trials of the various combined radiation and chemotherapy schedules employed are in order. One additional clinical observation was the identification of six of 30 (20%) with brain metastases at presentation or after 12 months, all of whom had adenocarcinoma histologic subtype.
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PMID:Concomitant 5-fluorouracil infusion and high-dose radiation for stage III non-small cell lung cancer. 254 5

A clinicopathological study was carried out in 200 autopsied cases experienced in our department from 1981 to 1988. Cytomegalovirus infection was detected in 18 cases (9.0%). Eleven patients were male and 7 were female, and their ages ranged from 21 to 72 with a mean of 58.1 years. Primary diseases were mainly Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (7 cases) and Adult T-cell leukemia (4 cases), and corticosteroid had been administered to all of them. The most commonly involved organ was lung (77.8%), followed by adrenal (55.6%), esophagus, pancreas, ovary (22.2%), stomach, small intestine, thyroid (16.7%), liver, kidney, tongue (11.1%), and so on. Concomitant infections were frequently complicated, which were bacterial pneumonia (5 cases), fungal pneumonia (3 cases), disseminated varicella-zoster infection (2 cases) and herpes simplex virus esophagitis or stomatitis (5 cases), while, ten patients died of cytomegalovirus pneumonia. Cytomegalovirus infection was one of the fatal opportunistic infections in immunocompromised, especially cell-mediated immunity impaired, hosts such as the patients with lymphocytic malignancies.
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PMID:[A clinicopathological study on cytomegalovirus infection]. 255 21


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