Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Placental trophoblasts are epithelial cells which undergo physiological fusion and generate syncytia. In this study, a placental choriocarcinoma cell line JAR was infected with two enveloped viruses, Parainfluenza type 3 (P3) or vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Both viruses possess a fusion glycoprotein known to be able to induce polykaryon formation in nonpolarized cells. The P3 virus fusion protein was localized on the apical as well as on the basal plasma membrane domains of the infected JAR cells. Infection of the JAR cell monolayer with P3 virus, whose fusion protein is active at pH 7.0, resulted in syncytia formation. Furthermore, the actin ring structure surrounding individual cells disappeared during the P3 virus induced cell-cell fusion. On the contrary, the VSV glycoprotein was found preferentially on the apical plasma membrane domain. To activate the VSV fusogen, the cells were subjected to pH 5.0. However, no syncytia formation peculiar to VSV-infected fibroblasts was observed, and the actin ring structures remained intact. We conclude that in JAR cells the VSV fusion protein exhibits a polarized expression while the P3 virus fusion glycoprotein is distributed between the two membrane domains. Our results suggest that an apically situated fusogen is not sufficient to mediate cell-cell fusion of JAR cells.
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PMID:Polarity and fusion of JAR choriocarcinoma cells as assessed by enveloped viral glycoproteins. 838 1

The order Mononegavirales (comprised of nonsegmented negative-stranded RNA viruses or NNSVs) contains many important pathogens. Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), formerly known as simian virus 5, is a prototypical paramyxovirus and encodes a V protein, which has a cysteine-rich C terminus that is conserved among all paramyxoviruses. The V protein of PIV5, like that of many other paramyxoviruses, plays an important role in regulating viral RNA synthesis. In this work, we show that V interacts with Akt, a serine/threonine kinase, also known as protein kinase B. Both pharmacological inhibitors and small interfering RNA against Akt1 reduced PIV5 replication, indicating that Akt plays a critical role in PIV5 replication. Furthermore, treatment with Akt inhibitors also reduced the replication of several other paramyxoviruses, as well as vesicular stomatitis virus, the prototypical rhabdovirus, indicating that Akt may play a more universal role in NNSV replication. The phosphoproteins (P proteins) of NNSVs are essential cofactors for the viral RNA polymerase complex and require heavy phosphorylation for their activity. Inhibition of Akt activity reduced the level of P phosphorylation, suggesting that Akt is involved in regulating viral RNA synthesis. In addition, Akt1 phosphorylated a recombinant P protein of PIV5 purified from bacteria. The finding that Akt plays a critical role in replication of NNSV will lead to a better understanding of how these viruses replicate, as well as novel strategies to treat infectious diseases caused by NNSVs.
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PMID:Akt plays a critical role in replication of nonsegmented negative-stranded RNA viruses. 1795 76

A new series of 3-(benzylideneamino)-2-phenylquinazoline-4(3H)-ones were prepared through Schiff base formation of 3-amino-2-phenyl quinazoline-4(3)H-one with various substituted carbonyl compounds. Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectral studies. Cytotoxicity and antiviral activity were evaluated against herpes simplex virus-1 (KOS), herpes simplex virus-2 (G), vaccinia virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, herpes simplex virus-1 TK- KOS ACVr, para influenza-3 virus, reovirus-1, Sindbis virus, Coxsackie virus B4, Punta Toro virus, feline corona virus (FIPV), feline herpes virus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A H1N1 subtype, influenza A H3N2 subtype, and influenza B virus. Compound 2a showed better antiviral activity against the entire tested virus.
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PMID:Synthesis, antiviral activity and cytotoxicity evaluation of Schiff bases of some 2-phenyl quinazoline-4(3)H-ones. 2072 39