Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It appears that miconazole is highly effective in reducing the incidence of systemic mycosis in patients suffering from malignant haemopathy and bone marrow failure. Three clinical infections (one stomatitis and two septicaemias due to candida) were easily cured. Autopsy findings never disclosed mycosis as the cause of death. The drug was completely atoxic and seems to offer major help in the treatment of malignant blood disease.
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PMID:Use of miconazole for prevention of opportunistic fungal infection during treatment of haematological malignancies. 12 45

From January 1988-September 1989, dental practitioners performed a comprehensive oral examination on 83 HIV positive patients at the Department of Infectious Diseases, University Clinic of Internal Medicine in Kinshasa, Zaire for a study on prevalence and clinical aspects of oral lesions associated with HIV infection. Women comprised 55.5% of these AIDS patients. They all had oral lesions: 94% fungal, 33% bacterial, 23% viral, 14% unknown origin, and 12% neoplasms. The majority of these oral lesions developed in 31-40 year olds. Further, the 21-30 year olds were more likely to have bacterial infections, especially aggressive periodontitis. Fungal infections occurred most often on the lips, palate, and tongue, while viral infections occurred mainly on the tongue. Kaposi's sarcoma only afflicted the palate. Pseudomembranous candidiasis was the leading fungal infection (32% of all oral lesions) then atrophic (22.8%) and hyperplastic (6%) types. 17% and 16% of all lesions included these bacterial infections: aggressive periodontitis and necrotizing gingivitis respectively. the leading viral infection was hairy leukoplakia (14%) followed by leukoplakia (8%), and herpetic stomatitis (4%). The unknown lesions included ulcers (12%) and a swollen salivary gland )2%). 12% of the examined AIDS patients, mostly 31-50 year olds, had oral Kaposi's sarcoma. They also had it on other parts of the body. Since HIV prevalence in Zaire ranges between 3-8%, all dentists should be cognizant of oral manifestations of HIV which may indeed be the 1st clinical indications of HIV. They should refer any patients with such lesions to a health facility with AIDS specialists for diagnosis and care.
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PMID:Oral manifestations of AIDS in a heterosexual population in a Zaire hospital. 235 42

Combined chemotherapy, protocol MACOP-B, was administered to 21 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) with a medium or high grade of malignity, clinical stage II-IV. Complete remission was achieved in 17 patients (81%), in one instance partial remission was induced. One patient died from a cardiovascular and one from a thromboembolic complication during treatment. In one patient the results were not evaluated. Three patients developed severe granulocytopenia which called for reduction or delay of treatment and a septic condition developed. In addition to myelosuppression the main complications were stomatitis and mycosis. No death caused by infectious or haemorrhagic complications was recorded. The described chemotherapy is recommended in particular in immunoblastic lymphomas, diffuse lymphomas from cleaved and non-cleaved cells and diffuse lymphomas with mixed cellularity.
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PMID:[Treatment of medium and highly malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with combined chemotherapy using methotrexate, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone and bleomycin (protocol MACOP-B)]. 248 76

The clinical efficacy of fluconazole at doses of 100-400 mg daily given intravenously in the treatment of 6 cases of deep mycosis complicated with leukemia was evaluated. Types of leukemia as underlying disease were acute lymphatic leukemia in 4 patients (included post bone marrow transplantation in 2 patients), acute myelocytic leukemia in 1 and acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMoL) in 1. Causative fungi were Candida in all patients. Diagnoses established were pulmonary or bronchial candidiasis in 3 patients, candiduria in 2 and suspected candidemia accompanied with stomatitis in 1. A patient with candiduria died from AMMoL thus the evaluation of efficacy was made with 5 patients. Overall clinical efficacies were judged to be good in 3 cases of pulmonary or bronchial candidiasis and in 1 case of suspected candidemia accompanied with stomatitis and excellent in 1 case of candiduria with an efficacy rate of 100%. No side effect, either subjective or objective, was reported with any patient. In clinical laboratory tests, elevations of serum transaminase and Al-P were observed in 2 patients and a rise of S-Cr. in 1, but all these abnormalities were judged to be related to the drugs for leukemia treatment.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of fluconazole in the case of deep mycosis associated with leukemia]. 254 Mar 57

Although there are notable infectious conditions that are capable of producing clinical disease in the NWC, overall, these species are quite healthy. Of the bacterial diseases, enterotoxemia caused by Clostridium perfringens types C and D would be deemed the most significant in North America, while type A also would be regarded as important in South America. Other important bacterial infections of potential concern are tuberculosis, Johne's disease, anthrax, malignant edema, actinomycosis, tetanus, and the South American condition referred to as alpaca fever, which, to date, has not been observed in North America. Fungal infections include classical ringworm, principally caused by Trichophyton spp., and the cases of coccidioidomycosis that are associated with the arid desert lands of the southwestern United States. Most notable of naturally occurring viral infections in the NWC would be rabies, ecthyma, and a recently described blindness neuropathy that has been associated with the equine herpesvirus I. NWC can be infected experimentally with agents causing hoof-and-mouth disease and vesicular stomatitis, but naturally occurring cases do not seem to occur. Serological evidence of exposure to many viral agents, including blue tongue, parainfluenza 3, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine herpesvirus I, bovine viral diarrhea, influenza A, and rotavirus, has been demonstrated; however, no clinical disease associated with these agents, as yet, is apparent.
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PMID:Infectious diseases of New-World camelids (NWC). 264 31

Oral candidosis is a very frequent diseased state occurring mainly together with severe underlying disease. Clinical manifestation is variable. One can distinguish between oral thrush, denture stomatitis, angular cheilitis, leukoplakia and midline glossitis. Nowadays oral candidosis is also important in connection with HIV-infection. Here the clinical spectrum does not seem to be totally different. Apart from oral thrush (or pseudomembraneous type) a chronic atrophic type, a chronic hyperplastic type, papillary hyperplasia and angular cheilitis are distinguished. Oral candidosis is the most frequent opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients. Frequency of overt disease is linked to the T4/T8 ratio. In patients with AIDS-related complex oral candidosis seems to be indicative of rapid progression. Candida albicans is the prevailing microorganism. There is, however, a change of biotypes during the course of HIV-infection. There seems to be a selection of certain phenotypes as can be judged from the increasing resistance to 5-fluorocytosine.
Mycoses 1989
PMID:Clinical spectrum of oral candidosis and its role in HIV-infected patients. 270 Feb 17

To evaluate the immune response in an immunosuppressed population, antibodies against commercially available Candida albicans antigens were prospectively studied during 37 episodes of acute stomatitis caused by C. albicans and 36 episodes complicated by deep-seated mycoses in 62 adult patients with hematologic malignancies. During uncomplicated stomatitis in patients with acute leukemia, the mean peak IgM, IgG and IgA class enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) units differed significantly from the basic level preceding fungal infection. Mean time until peak values was 2.7-3.8 weeks after diagnosis of stomatitis. During systemic mycoses the antibody response was similar. Among patients with other hematologic malignancies, predominantly lymphomas, several were terminally ill and responded infrequently by antibody production. Similar results were given by Ouchterlony immunodiffusion and counterimmunoelectrophoresis. Thus, patients with acute leukemia showed an antibody response to fungal infection; the peak values, however, were somewhat delayed.
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PMID:Prospective study on humoral immune response induced by fungal infection in patients with hematologic malignancies. 310 82

Fungi isolated from mouthrinse specimens during episodes of acute pseudomembranous fungal stomatitis and deep-seated mycoses in patients with haematological malignancies were tested for susceptibility to seven antifungal agents. Topical treatment of stomatitis with clotrimazole or chlorhexidine did not induce any change in the susceptibility of oral Candida albicans. Treatment of deeper mycoses with 5-fluorocytosine, however, resulted in a significant increase in oral strains resistant to this agent. Of C. albicans strains isolated, 7% were resistant to 5-fluorocytosine greater than 32 micrograms/ml. One patient died of disseminated mycosis during treatment with this drug; the resistant C. albicans was isolated from the mouth, liver, spleen and kidneys. Strains of Torulopsis glabrata and C. krusei resistant to 5-fluorocytosine were also found in some patients. Organisms resistant to 5-fluorocytosine were generally sensitive to polyenes and imidazoles.
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PMID:Susceptibility of fungi in mouthrinse specimens from patients with haematological malignancies. 638 27

Serial determinations of C-reactive protein (CRP) were performed by single radial immunodiffusion in four groups of patients with fungal disease in order to determine its use as an aid to diagnosis. Elevated values (17-284 mg/l) of CRP were seen in 13 patients with fungal septicaemia before and/or within a few days after the first positive blood culture. C-reactive protein was not elevated in two patients with transient fungaemia. In 76 per cent (25/33) of deep-seated fungal infections in patients with malignant disorders of the blood CRP increased to 104-380 mg/l. In the remainder values of 36-92 mg/l were seen. In 37 per cent (19/51) of episodes of acute uncomplicated fungal stomatitis in patients with malignant disorders of the blood CRP rose to 110-320 mg/l. C-reactive protein was not found to be raised from the normal value (less than or equal to 6 mg/l) in 6 per cent of the episodes; in the rest, values below 100 mg/l were seen. CRP in 23 patients with acute fungal stomatitis but who were not immunocompromised remained normal. Thus, with regard to its ability to induce high (greater than 100 mg/l) CRP values, deep-seated fungal disease would seem to resemble bacterial rather than viral infection.
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PMID:C-reactive protein response induced by fungal infections. 642 49

An open randomized controlled study involving two parallel treatment groups comprising 50 patients with Candida-associated denture stomatitis was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of one application of 1 g of miconazole 55 mg/g denture lacquer in comparison with that of a commercially available miconazole 2% gel applied four times daily for 2 weeks. The results showed a pronounced reduction in the yeast scores and a reduction in the palatal erythema in both treatment groups, but there was no apparent difference between the efficacy of the two treatments. The results indicate that a single application of the denture lacquer (55 mg of miconazole) is safe and almost as effective as administration of gel four times a day for 2 weeks (3000 mg of miconazole).
Mycoses
PMID:A miconazole lacquer in the treatment of Candida-associated denture stomatitis. 784 19


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