Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have compared the effects of infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) on the protein synthetic apparatus of Friend erythroleukemia cells. Previous studies demonstrated that infection with HSV rapidly shuts off the synthesis of globin and other cellular polypeptides (Y. Nischioka and S. Silverstein, 1977, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74: 2370-2374). In contrast to these findings, globin synthesis persists in Friend erythroleukemia cells infected with VSV. Physical measurements of the size of bulk-infected cell mRNA, using hybridization with polyuridylic acid, demonstrated that there was no detectable change in the size of mRNA's after infection with VSV. A comparison of the kinetics of hybridization of cytoplasmic RNA extracted from cells infected with either HSV or VSV with globin complementary DNA revealed that by 4 h postinfection with HSV only about 15% of the globin mRNA sequences remained, whereas there was no discernible change in the sequence abundance of globin mRNA in VSV-infected cells.
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PMID:Alterations in the protein synthetic apparatus of Friend erythroleukemia cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus or herpes simplex virus. 20 53

Sixty-six children with acute leukemia, in advanced stages of their disease and resistant to conventional chemotherapy, received adriamycin for remssion induction. Seventeen of 46 (37%) evaluable children with acute lymphocytic leukemia achieved a complete remission, and 5 (11%) achieved a partial remission. Two of 12 evaluable children with acute myelogenous leukemia achieved a complete remission, while an additional 3 achieved a partial remission. Two children with erythroleukemia also achieved a complete remission. Previous therapy with daunorubicin did not affect the response rate. The main toxicities observed with adriamycin were myelosuppression, fever, nausea and vomiting, stomatitis, alopecia, and cardiac toxicity (ST segment changes and arrhythmias).
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PMID:Adriamycin in the treatment of childhood acute leukemia. A Southwest Oncology Group study. 105 45

The M protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was localized in the nuclei and cytoplasm of VSV-infected cells by subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence microscopy. Nuclei isolated from VSV-infected Friend erythroleukemia cells were fractionated into a nuclear membrane and a nucleoplasm fraction by DNase digestion and differential centrifugation. G protein was present in the membrane fraction, and M protein was present in the nucleoplasm fraction. Immunofluorescence detection of M protein in the nucleus required that fixed cells be permeabilized with higher concentrations of detergent than were required for detection of M protein in the cytoplasm of VSV-infected BHK cells.
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PMID:Vesicular stomatitis virus M protein in the nuclei of infected cells. 284 49

The outer nuclear membrane is morphologically similar to rough endoplasmic reticulum. The presence of ribosomes bound to its cytoplasmic surface suggests that it could be a site of synthesis of membrane glycoproteins. We have examined the biogenesis of the vesicular stomatitis virus G protein in the nuclear envelope as a model for the biogenesis of membrane glycoproteins. G protein was present in nuclear membranes of infected Friend erythroleukemia cells immediately following synthesis and was transported out of nuclear membranes to cytoplasmic membranes with a time course similar to transport from rough endoplasmic reticulum (t 1/2 = 5-7 min). Temperature-sensitive mutations in viral membrane proteins which block transport of G protein from endoplasmic reticulum also blocked transport of G protein from the nuclear envelope. Friend erythroleukemia cells and NIH 3T3 cells differed in the fraction of newly synthesized G protein found in nuclear membranes, apparently reflecting the relative amount of nuclear membrane compared to endoplasmic reticulum available for glycoprotein synthesis. Nuclear membranes from erythroleukemia cells appeared to have the enzymatic activities necessary for cleavage of the signal sequence and core glycosylation of newly synthesized G protein. Signal peptidase activity was detected by the ability of detergent-solubilized membranes of isolated nuclei to correctly remove the signal sequence of human preplacental lactogen. RNA isolated from the nuclear envelope was highly enriched for G protein mRNA, suggesting that G protein was synthesized on the outer nuclear membrane rather than redistributing to nuclear membranes from endoplasmic reticulum before or during cell fractionation. These results suggest a mechanism for incorporation of membrane glycoproteins into the nuclear envelope and suggest that in some cell types the nuclear envelope is a major source of newly synthesized membrane glycoproteins.
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PMID:Role of the nuclear envelope in synthesis, processing, and transport of membrane glycoproteins. 298 6

Variant sublines of Friend erythroleukemia cells (FLC) that do not respond to alpha/beta-interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) by developing an antiviral state but respond partially to IFN-gamma with an induced antiviral state, lack the ability to induce the 2',5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A) synthetase pathway. Exposure of wild-type and variant cells to exogenous 2-5A oligomers made permeable with lysolecithin resulted in 50-70% inhibition of protein synthesis. Further, the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus in IFN-resistant 2-5A synthetase-deficient FLC exposed to 2-5A trimer was inhibited to the same extent as in wild-type cells. Last, a significant cleavage of ribosomal RNA was observed in samples of total RNAs extracted from variant and wild-type permeabilized FLC, but only if they were exposed to 2-5A. These data are compatible with the conclusion that (i) the activation of the 2-5A-dependent endoribonuclease is not impaired in the variant cells, and (ii) the uninducibility of 2-5A synthetase can be bypassed by exogenously introducing its products, which leads to the establishment of a bona fide antiviral state.
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PMID:2',5'-Oligoadenylate synthetase-uninducible alpha/beta-interferon-resistant Friend cells develop an antiviral state when permeabilized with lysolecithin and treated with 2',5'-oligoadenylate oligomers. 346 65

Although transduction with amphotropic murine leukemia virus (MLV) vectors has been optimized successfully for hematopoietic differentiated progenitors, gene transfer to early hematopoietic cells (stem cells) is still highly restricted. A similar restriction to gene transfer was observed in the mouse stem cell line FDC-Pmix compared with transfer in the more mature myeloid precursor cell line FDC-P1 and the human erythroleukemia cell line K562. Gene transfer was not improved when the vector was pseudotyped with gp70SU of the 10A1 strain of MLV, which uses the receptor of the gibbon ape leukemia virus (Pit1), in addition to the amphotropic receptor (Pit2). Although 10A1 and amphotropic gp70SU bound to FDC-P1, K562, and fibroblasts, no binding to FDC-Pmix cells was detected. This indicates that FDC-Pmix cells lack functional Pit2 and Pit1 receptors. Pseudotyping with the vesicular stomatitis virus G protein improved transduction efficiency in FDC-Pmix stem cells by 2 orders of magnitude, to fibroblast levels, confirming a block to retroviral infection at the receptor level.
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PMID:Entry of amphotropic and 10A1 pseudotyped murine retroviruses is restricted in hematopoietic stem cell lines. 944 44

Oromucosal administration of murine interferon-alpha/beta (IFN-alpha/beta) or individual recombinant species of murine IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, or IFN-gamma or recombinant human IFN-alpha1-8, which is active in the mouse, exerted a marked antiviral activity in mice challenged systemically with a lethal dose of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), or varicella zoster virus (VZV). The effects observed were dose dependent and similar in magnitude to those observed following parenteral administration of the same dose of IFN. No antiviral activity was observed after oromucosal administration of murine IFN-alpha/beta in animals in which the IFN receptor had been inactivated by homologous recombination. In contrast to parenteral treatment, oromucosal IFN therapy was found to be ineffective when IFNs were administered before virus infection. Oromucosal administration of IFN-alpha also exerted a marked antitumor activity in mice injected i.v. with highly malignant Friend erythroleukemia cells or other transplantable tumors, such as L1210 leukemia, which has no known viral etiology, the EL4 tumor, or the highly metastatic B16 melanoma. These results show that high doses of IFN can be administered by the oromucosal route apparently without ill effect, raising the possibility that the oromucosal route will prove to be an effective means of administering high doses of IFN that are clinically effective but poorly tolerated.
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PMID:Oromucosal interferon therapy: marked antiviral and antitumor activity. 1009 Apr

Enhancement of retroviral transduction efficiency has been achieved by several physical and chemical approaches. However, the application of those methods is hampered by not easily scalable configurations. In this study, instead of looking into the effect of sonoporation, the potential of ultrasonic standing wave fields (USWF) to facilitate retroviral transduction rate was explored. We reasoned that, driven by the primary acoustic radiation force, suspended cells moved to the pressure nodal planes first and formed cell bands. Nanometer-sized retroviruses, circulated between nodal planes by acoustic microstreaming, then used the preformed cell bands as the nucleating sites to attach on. As a result, the encounter opportunity between retroviruses and cells was increased and further facilitated the gene delivery efficiency. Our results showed that mega-Hertz USWF brought K562 erythroleukemia cells (10(6) cells/ml) and vesicular stomatitis virus G-protein (VSV-G) pseudotyped retroviruses (titer of 5 x 10(6) CFU/ml) into close contact at the pressure nodal planes, yielding a four-fold increment of enhanced green fluorescent protein transgene expression after 5-min USWF exposure in the presence of Polybrene. Furthermore, with a fixed titer of retrovirus, the transduction rate was augmented with the increase of cell concentration. In summary, USWF offer a feasible means to enhance retroviral transduction efficiency in large-scale settings.
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PMID:Enhanced retroviral gene delivery in ultrasonic standing wave fields. 1564 63