Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In vitro production of interferon by blood leukocytes from patients with lymphosarcoma, lymphogranulomatosis, leukemia, cancer tumours, pneumonia, as well as by leukocytes of mice with Rauscher leukemia, and mice in the condition of hyporeactivity to interferon inducer was studied. Alongside with quantitative differences in interferon production, biological differences in the properties of interferons produced of normal and sick humans and animals were revealed. The biological differences consist in that the interferon produced by leukocytes from cancer and leukemia patients interacting with homologous cell culture is conducive to more rapid formation of resistance to the indicator virus than the interferon produced by normal leukocytes. Thus, resistance of the homologous cell culture to the infection with the indicator vesicular stomatitis virus developed within 1--2 hours after contact with leukocyte interferon from patients and only within 5--6 hours after contact with that of normal subjects. This finding is not specific for cancer and leukemia, as the same was observed with specimens from patients with pneumonia and from mice hyporeactive to interferon inducer. It is suggested that patients with cancer and leukemia have a state of interferon hyporeactivity.
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PMID:[Differences in the properties of the interferons produced by the leukocytes of healthy persons and of cancer and leukemia patients]. 50 7

During the 1st stage of the clinical trials of karminomycin 92 patients with leukemia, solid tumors and lymphoma were treated with karminomycin. Two schemes for the antibiotic use were developed. The 1st scheme was a prolonged one with single doses of 10-15 mg (7.5 mg/m2) administered intravenously twice a week for 3 weeks, the course dose being 60-75 mg (34-45 mg/m2) with 4-week intervals between the courses. The course dose for the patients previously subjected to intensive chemotherapy did not exceed 50 mg (30 mg/m2). The 2nd scheme was a short one with single doses of 8-10 mg (5.5 mg/m2) administered intravenously every day for 5 days, the course dose being 40-50 mg (23-30 mg/m2) with 3-week intervals between the courses. Karminomycin induced in a number of patients a direct side effect, such as nausea, vomiting, asthenia, tachycardia, pain in the heart. In some patients leucopenia, thrombocitopenia, rare stomatitis, alopecia, lowered T peak in the chest curves of the cardiograms were observed after using the course dose.
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PMID:[First phase in the clinical study of the antineoplastic antibiotic, carminomycin]. 110 12

Using both the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) as models we have shown that the photosensitizer benzoporphyrin derivative ring A (BPD), when activated with red light (600-700 nm), is effective in eliminating both free virus and virally infected cells from spiked blood products and whole blood drawn from viremic cats experimentally infected with FeLV, under conditions which appear to share red blood cells. The effect of photodynamic therapy on infected lymphocytes, as visualized by scanning electron microscopy, initially appeared as a limited area of tiny holes in the membrane. These holes were subsequently seen to increase in size until the membrane appeared completely decomposed. The red cell membranes however, seem to be undamaged by such photodynamic treatment.
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PMID:Viral inactivation in blood and red cell concentrates with benzoporphyrin derivative. 131 71

Feline leukemia viruses (FeLVs) belonging to the C subgroup induce aplastic anemia in domestic cats and have the ability, unique among FeLV strains, to proliferate in guinea pig fibroblasts in tissue culture. Previous studies have shown that the pathogenic and host range specificity of a prototype molecular clone of FeLV-C [FeLV-Sarma-C (FSC)] colocalize to a region encoding the 3' 73 amino acids of the pol gene product and the N-terminal 241 amino acids of the envelope surface glycoprotein named SU. Here, we amplified, via PCR, cloned, and sequenced the SU coding sequence from three additional anemia-inducing subgroup C FeLV isolates. Chimeric viruses were constructed by replacement of fragments of FeLV-C envelope genes into the FeLV-A prototype virus 61E. Using a modified vesicular stomatitis virus-FeLV pseudotype assay, we demonstrated that the subgroup C receptor specificity for each virus was determined by changes within the N-terminal 87-92 amino acids of SU, in which most changes occurred within the 15- to 20-amino-acid first variable region (V1). Determinants for growth in guinea pig cells colocalized to this region. Despite the consistent localization of biological determinants, the only consistent features that distinguished the deduced FeLV-A and FeLV-C proteins was one lysine-to-arginine change and a structural prediction of an alpha-helix in FeLV-A proteins versus random coil in FeLV-C proteins within V1. However, arginine in equilibrium with lysine substitutions were not sufficient to convert the subgroup A virus to the subgroup C phenotype or vice versa. Thus, certain distinct structural changes within the N-terminal region of FeLV SU can result in convergent viral phenotypes.
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PMID:Feline leukemia virus subgroup C phenotype evolves through distinct alterations near the N terminus of the envelope surface glycoprotein. 132 57

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) has morphological, physical and biochemical characteristics similar to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the cause of AIDS in man. However, it is antigenically and genetically distinct from HIV; an antigenic relatedness with equine infectious anaemia virus has been demonstrated. FIV has been molecularly cloned and sequenced. Diagnostic tests are commercially available and attempts at preparing inactivated, subunit and molecularly engineered vaccines are being made in different laboratories. During FIV infection a transient primary illness can be recognized, with fever, neutropenia and lymphadenopathy. After a long period of clinical normalcy a secondary stage is distinguished with signs of an immunodeficiency-like syndrome. The incubation period for this stage can be as long as 5 years, during which gradual impairment of immune function develops. Many FIV-infected cats are presented for the first time showing vague signs of illness: recurrent fevers, emaciation, lack of appetite, lymphadenopathy, anaemia, leucopenia and behavioural changes. Later, the predominant clinical signs observed are chronic stomatitis/gingivitis, enteritis, upper respiratory tract infections, and infections of the skin. Neoplasias, neurological, immunological and haematological disorder are seen in a smaller proportion. The immunodeficiency-like syndrome is progressive over a period of months to years. Concomitant infection with feline leukaemia virus has been shown to accelerate the progression of disease. In vitro, phenotypic mixing between FIV and an endogenous feline oncovirus (RD114) has been demonstrated which leads to a broadening of the cell spectrum of the lentivirus. Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) has been isolated only once, and all attempts to obtain additional isolates have failed; it has been recovered from the leucocytes of cattle with persistent lymphocytosis, lymphadenopathy, lesions in the central nervous system, progressive weakness and emaciation. As with the feline representative, BIV also was found to possess a lentivirus morphology and to encode a reverse transcriptase with Mg++ preference; it replicates and induces syncytia in a variety of embryonic bovine tissues in vitro. Antigenic analyses have demonstrated a conservation of epitopes between the major core protein of BIV and HIV. The original isolate has been molecularly cloned and sequenced. Besides the three large open reading frames (ORFs) comprising the gag, pol, and env genes common to all replication-competent retroviruses, five additional small ORFs were found. Numerous point mutations and deletions were found, mostly in the env-encoding ORF. These data suggest that, within a single virus isolate, BIV displays extensive genomic variation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Animal immunodeficiency viruses. 133 43

In the present study the therapeutic efficacy and the side effects of two antiretroviral compounds used in human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) research, 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT, zidovudine, Retrovir) and 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA), were investigated in the treatment of cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and cats naturally infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV). AZT was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 5 mg kg-1 body weight every 12 h and PMEA was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 2.5 mg kg-1 body weight every 12 h during a 3 week hospitalization. The therapeutic efficacy of both compounds was investigated. There was a stronger potency of PMEA than of AZT on the regression of stomatitis in FIV and in FeLV infected cats. In addition, in FIV infection PMEA had a stronger effect on the improvement of the general clinical status. Both antiretroviral compounds were potent agents to improve the immunologic status of FIV infected cats by raising the CD4/CD8 ratio. In FeLV infection PMEA and AZT appeared to reduce antigenemia. The hematological side effects caused by PMEA were severe and stronger than those of AZT. Therefore the advantage of PMEA in clinical and immunologic improvement was diminished by the hematologic disorders, which do not allow long term treatment with this drug in the dose used.
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PMID:Use of two virustatica (AZT, PMEA) in the treatment of FIV and of FeLV seropositive cats with clinical symptoms. 136 8

The ability of a photosensitizer, benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A (BPD-MA), and either broad-spectrum (400-1200 nm) or narrow-band (600-700 nm) red light to kill feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and FeLV-infected cat T cells (cell line 3201) was investigated in culture medium containing fetal calf serum and in blood from infected cats. A molecular clone of FeLV, 61E, is minimally pathogenic and productively infects 3201 cells while causing no change in rate of cell division, viability, or size. Active virus (either free or within infected cells) was quantified by using a limiting dilution assay that involved cocultivation of test samples with naive 3201 cells, after which either the polymerase chain reaction or a reverse transcriptase assay was used to detect the presence of virus. It was shown that 61E-infected T cells in culture were slightly more sensitive to photodynamic killing than were uninfected cells. Infected cells and free virus were eliminated from whole blood taken from infected cats by using 4 micrograms per mL of BPD-MA and 40 J per cm2 of red light. These results correlate well with previous results with BPD-MA and vesicular stomatitis virus in whole human blood and suggest that this photosensitizer is a promising agent for the elimination of retroviruses that are either free or located within infected cells in blood.
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PMID:Photodynamic inactivation of retrovirus by benzoporphyrin derivative: a feline leukemia virus model. 137 95

A novel inhibitor of RNA-directed DNA-polymerases was isolated from fermentations of Clavicorona pyxidata. Its structure was elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Clavicoronic acid (1) is a noncompetitive inhibitor of avian myeloblastosis virus (Ki 130 microM) and Moloney murine leukemia virus (Ki 68 microM) reverse transcriptases. In permeabilized cells and isolated nucleic DNA- and RNA-synthesis are not affected. Clavicoronic acid markedly inhibits the multiplication of vesicular stomatitis virus in baby hamster kidney cells by interfering with this virus's RNA-directed RNA-polymerase. 1 exhibits no cytotoxic and very weak antimicrobial activities.
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PMID:Antibiotics from basidiomycetes. XLI. Clavicoronic acid, a novel inhibitor of reverse transcriptases from Clavicorona pyxidata (Pers. ex Fr.) Doty. 137 10

In 15 of the 65 children the initial signs of leukemia coincided with oral diseases running an uncommon course: acute or chronic recurrent herpetic stomatitis, periostitis, parotitis. An infectious process showing no tendency to resolution, stubborn infiltration of tissues in inflamed foci, hemorrhages, and changed total status of a child may be regarded as probable diagnostic signs of leukemia, requiring a profound examination, carried out by a dentist and hematologist.
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PMID:[Changes in the oral cavity of children as possible diagnostic signs of leukemia]. 144 Jun 93

Previous studies of in vitro infection by human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) have required cocultivation of target cells with HTLV-I cell lines or vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotypes containing HTLV-I envelope proteins. We report here the development of a cell-free infection assay for HTLV-I. Target cells were incubated with purified, DNase-treated HTLV-I virions for 4 h at 37 degrees C. Target cell DNA was then analyzed for the presence of newly synthesized HTLV-I proviral DNA by the highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction. Using this assay system, we have been able to consistently detect in vitro infection of a variety of cellular targets by different HTLV-I isolates. Optimal infection required the presence of 10 micrograms of DEAE-dextran per ml. The assay was dose dependent with respect to virus input. In general, the amount of proviral DNA detected correlated with the level of HTLV-I receptors present on the surface of the target cells, as measured by fluorochrome-labelled HTLV-I binding. Finally, the specificity of the assay was confirmed by demonstrating that the cell line, L1q, a somatic cell hybrid containing human chromosome 17q, to which the gene for the HTLV-I receptor has been mapped, was susceptible to infection by HTLV-I, while the parental mouse cell line from which it was derived, LMTK-, which lacks human chromosome 17q, was not.
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PMID:Infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cell lines by cell-free human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type I. 157 77


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