Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cardiac myolysis was observed in guinea pigs sensitized with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), following challenge with this antigen. The phenomenon developed within 1 h of challenge, appearing as islands in the myocardium. The speed and focal nature of the damage point to obstruction of blood flow as a cause of the myolysis. The myolysis was not a toxic effect of the virus itself, but probably a consequence of cardiac anaphylaxis. It occurred only after challenge, and was abolished in 71% of the animals by pretreatment with a mixture of the lipoxygenase-cyclooxygenase inhibitor, BW755C and H1 histamine receptor antagonist, diphenhydramine. Treatment with BW755C alone before challenge prevented myolysis from developing in 46% of the animals. Challenge in vitro with VSV to the perfused, spontaneously beating, sensitized isolated guinea pig heart increased sulfidopeptide-leukotriene (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4) production from undetectable levels (0.5 ng LTD4-equivalent/heart/15' to 13 ng LTD4-equivalent/heart/15'. At the same time, there were derangements in cardiac rate, contractility and coronary outflow typical of cardiac anaphylaxis. The reduction in coronary outflow rate during cardiac anaphylaxis is due largely to the powerful vasoconstrictor effect of LT, as well as perhaps platelet-activating-factor. Thus it is speculated that there is a causal relationship between LT release, vasoconstriction, ischemia and myolysis in the heart, following VSV challenge to sensitized guinea pigs.
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PMID:Immunological challenge with virus initiates leukotriene C4 production in the heart and induces cardiomyolysis in guinea pigs. 302 94

The authors undertook a study to test the feasibility and efficacy of doxorubicin (Dox) administered as continuous infusion (c.i.) in the treatment of advanced breast cancer patients. All patients were previously treated as first line chemiotherapy with bolus-administered Dox; then they received a second line treatment without Dox. Patients were eligible if they had advanced measurable breast cancer, resistant to first and second line chemotherapy regimens, and if previous Dox treatment had been performed more than one year before, and after ECG and cardiac echographic controls were performed. A dose of 4.5 mg/m2/day of Dox was planned for 10 consecutive days in c.i. through a central venous catheter, repeated at 28 day intervals, for a maximum of 10 cycles. Among the 71 patients, 56 received 3 or more treatment courses; 10 patients refused further therapy after the first cycle. Objective responses were achieved in 25 patients (35%), 3 complete and 22 partial remissions. Stabilization was obtained in 11 patients (16%). The median time to progression was 9.3 months. Obviously, haematological toxicity was the major problem; in the 71 patients, 376 courses were administered (mean number of courses per patient: 5.3): grade 4 neutropenia (WHO system) occurred in 2 patients, and grade 3 in 9 patients; while one patient died of gastric haemorrhage. Severe cardiac toxicity occurred in only one patient who died 24 hours after the beginning of therapy, with ECG lateral ischemia. Grade 4 stomatitis was observed in only one patient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Continuous infusion of doxorubicin for 10 days as third-line chemotherapy in metastasized breast tumors. Initial observations]. 792 81

The cytoprotective role of heat shock proteins (HSP) described in variety of human diseases, including ischemia, inflammation, and infection, suggests new therapeutic strategies relying upon the development of drugs that selectively turn on heat shock genes. Cyclopentenone prostaglandins, which contain an alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl group in the cyclopentane ring and possess antiviral activity against several RNA and DNA viruses, were shown to function as signal for HSP synthesis in a nonstressful situation in a variety of mammalian cells. We now report that 2-cyclopenten-1-one selectively induces the expression of the 70-kDa HSP (HSP70) in human cells, through cycloheximide-sensitive activation of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1). The alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl group is the key structure triggering HSF1 activation. Induction is associated with antiviral activity during infection with vesicular stomatitis virus. These results identify the molecular structure of natural prostaglandins responsible for HSF1 activation and open new perspectives in the search for novel antiviral and cytoprotective drugs.
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PMID:2-Cyclopenten-1-one, a new inducer of heat shock protein 70 with antiviral activity. 894 75

Noma (canrum oris) is a mutilating necrotizing disease of uncertain etiology, but it is accepted that it is caused primarily by a polybacterial infection with secondary ischemia. The consequent necrotizing fasciitis, myonecrosis, and osteonecrosis results in destruction of facial structures with severe functional impairment and disfigurement. It most frequently affects children, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, who are malnourished or debilitated by systemic conditions including but not limited to malaria, measles, and tuberculosis; and less frequently debilitated HIV-seropositive subjects. In the vast majority of cases, in susceptible subjects, noma is preceded by necrotizing stomatitis. However, it has been reported, albeit rarely, that noma can arise without any preceding oral lesions being observed. Noma is not recurrent and is not transmissible.
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PMID:Noma (cancrum oris): An unresolved global challenge. 3109 Jan 45