Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The majority of patients with Aids suffer from diarrhea and weight loss, as well as opportunistic infection and tumors of the gastrointestinal tract; endoscopy is frequently necessary. Often, but not always, it is possible to identify an opportunistic tumor or infection which explains the patient's signs and symptoms. In other cases, HIV may itself be pathogenic. The most important opportunistic pathogens are Candida albicans (stomatitis and esophagitis), cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus (esophagus, stomach, biliary system, colon), cryptosporidium (small intestine, biliary system), Isospora belli (small intestine), salmonella, shigella, and campylobacter (small and large intestine, septicemia), and Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (liver, spleen, intestinal submucosa, and bacteremia). Involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is frequent in Kaposi's sarcoma, though it is often asymptomatic. In contrast, gastrointestinal lymphomas are aggressive and rapidly progressive tumors.
 ...
PMID:[AIDS and gastrointestinal tract: a summary for gastroenterologists and surgeons]. 215 57

MxA and MxB are interferon-induced proteins of human cells and are related to the murine protein Mx1, which confers selective resistance to influenza virus. In contrast to the nuclear murine protein Mx1, MxA and MxB are located in the cytoplasm, and their role in the interferon-induced antiviral state was unknown. In this report we show that transfected cell lines expressing MxA acquired a high degree of resistance to influenza A virus. Surprisingly, MxA also conferred resistance to vesicular stomatitis virus. Expression of MxA in transfected 3T3 cells had no effect on the multiplication of two picornaviruses, a togavirus, or herpes simplex virus type 1. Treatment of MxA-expressing cells with antibodies to mouse alpha-beta interferon did not abolish the resistance phenotype. The conclusion that resistance to influenza virus and vesicular stomatitis virus was due to the specific action of MxA is further supported by the observation that transfected 3T3 cell lines expressing the related MxB failed to acquire virus resistance.
 ...
PMID:Resistance to influenza virus and vesicular stomatitis virus conferred by expression of human MxA protein. 216 46

Attempts were made to demonstrate herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and type 2, varicella zoster virus (VZV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in specimens obtained from aphthous ulceration lesions by the immunofluorescent method using fluorescein-labeled monoclonal antibodies. HSV-1 and VZV were detected in 2 and 4 out of 30 patients, respectively. Although almost all viruses that can infect the oral cavity could occasionally cause stomatitis, neither HSV-2 nor CMV was not found in this study. VZV was detected in 1 out of 8 patients with recurrent aphthous ulceration. After treatment with acyclovir, the patient's symptoms has become less severe and recurrence rates of attacks reduced, however, the patient has not been totally free of the disease. There were no differences in clinical aspects of stomatitis between the patients with and without viral isolation. Further clinical investigation is encouraged to confirm the relationship between aphthous stomatitis and viral infection.
 ...
PMID:[Detection of herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus and cytomegalovirus in aphthous stomatitis]. 217 Jun 7

The mouse L-cell mutant gro29 was selected for its ability to survive infection by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and is defective in the propagation of HSV-1 and vesicular stomatitis virus (F. Tufaro, M. D. Snider, and S. L. McKnight, J. Cell Biol. 105:647-657, 1987). In this report, we show that gro29 cells harbor a lesion that inhibits the egress of HSV-1 virions during infection. We also found that HSV-1 glycoprotein D was slow to traverse the secretory pathway en route to the plasma membrane of infected gro29 cells. The movement of glycoproteins was not blocked entirely, however, and immunofluorescence experiments revealed that infected gro29 cells contained roughly 10% of the expected amount of glycoprotein D on their cell surface at 12 h postinfection. Furthermore, nucleocapsids and virions assembled inside the cells during infection, suggesting that the lesion in gro29 cells impinged on a late step in virion maturation. Electron micrographs of infected cells revealed that many of the intracellular virions were contained in irregular cytoplasmic vacuoles, similar to those that accumulate in HSV-1-infected cells treated with the ionophore monensin. We conclude from these results that gro29 harbors a defect that blocks the egress of HSV-1 virions from the infected cell without seriously impeding the flux of individual glycoproteins to the cell surface. We infer that HSV-1 maturation and egress require a host cell component that is either reduced or absent in gro29 cells and that this lesion, although not lethal to the host cell, cannot be tolerated by HSV-1 during its life cycle.
 ...
PMID:Herpes simplex virus particles are unable to traverse the secretory pathway in the mouse L-cell mutant gro29. 217 64

Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) induces demyelinating disease which is associated with persistent virus infection of the central nervous system. To study the interaction between TMEV and host cells, we infected the G26-20 glioma cell line in vitro, and this resulted in a lytic infection in which most, but not all, cells were killed. Surviving cells divided and formed a viable monolayer in which a small proportion of cells displayed viral cytopathic effects. Levels of virus produced by these cultures over a 6 month period fluctuated between 6 and 8 log10 p.f.u./ml as measured by viral plaque assay. Similarly, the percentage of cells producing both viral antigen and viral RNA, as measured by a simultaneous immunoperoxidase/in situ hybridization technique, varied between 5 and 30%. Although persistently infected cultures were susceptible to challenge by both vesicular stomatitis virus and herpes simplex virus, they were resistant to infection by homologous viruses. Interferon activity was not identified. TMEV isolated from passage 12 produced smaller plaques than wild-type Daniels strain virus (wt-DAV) on L-2 cell monolayers. In contrast to demyelination induced in SJL/J mice after intracerebral inoculation with wt-DAV, mice infected with the small plaque variant virus failed to develop viral persistence or chronic demyelination. However, following immunosuppression by total body irradiation, SJL/J mice infected with the small plaque variant developed viral persistence but no demyelination. Characterization of the biochemical and molecular determinants of the variant will lead to a better understanding of determinants important in viral persistence.
 ...
PMID:Persistent infection of a glioma cell line generates a Theiler's virus variant which fails to induce demyelinating disease in SJL/J mice. 221 94

Macrophages from mice pretreated with two chemically synthesized immunostimulating aryl-oligopeptides, FR41565 and FR48217, inhibited the multiplication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) in monkey Vero cells, and that of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in murine L929 cells. In addition, the aryl-oligopeptides protected mice against a lethal HSV-1 infection. In particular, when treated with FR48217 at 6 mg/kg, all mice survived, whereas all control mice died from the HSV-1 infection.
 ...
PMID:Antiviral effect of two aryl-oligopeptides, FR41565 and FR48217. 242 22

The antiviral action of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was studied using assay systems to determine inhibition of viral cytopathic effect (CPE), as well as suppression of virus growth measured by plaque assays. TNF was cloned and prepared by Asahi Chemical Industry, Japan. Antiviral activity against human herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus (CMV), varicella-zoster virus (VZ), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMC), was demonstrated in human diploid fibroblasts following pretreatment with TNF overnight. The antiviral action was completely neutralized by anti-interferon (IFN)-beta serum, but not by anti-IFN-alpha or -gamma antibodies. This suggested the induction of IFN-beta by TNF. The antiviral action was synergistically enhanced by human IFN-gamma. Several non-human cell lines were tested but 10 of 11 failed to be protected from VSV- and/or EMC-induced CPE following pretreatment by TNF. The anticellular effects of TNF were tested in human and in non-human tumor cell lines. The results indicate that the susceptibility of cells to the two activities of TNF, antiviral and anticellular, was distinct, and that antiviral activity of TNF is more species-specific than its anticellular action.
 ...
PMID:Antiviral effects of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor. 244 53

Dextran sulfate (DS) is a potent inhibitor of the growth of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the H9 cell. Its minimal inhibitory concentration is about 1 microgram/ml. Its therapeutic index is greater than or equal to 200 which is higher than that of 38 for zidovudine. At the ID100 range, DS blocks the synthesis of HIV-1 antigens completely for at least 21 days; zidovudine at the subtoxic concentration of 3 micrograms/ml is incapable of achieving such a complete blockage. DS is still active when added to H9 cell cultures 4 hr after the addition of HIV-1. DS does not inactivate extracellular HIV-1 and is incapable of inducing interferons. It interferes partially with the infection of the H9 cells by the HIV-1. It inhibits the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. These activities may account, at least in part, for the inhibitory activity of dextran sulfate against the HIV-1. DS has a narrow antiviral spectrum; it is noninhibitory to the herpes simplex, vesicular stomatitis, polio, or adeno viruses. Dextran is not inhibitory to HIV-1. After sulfonation, the sulfonated dextran is highly inhibitory. Therefore, the sulfate group in the DS molecule appears to be essential for its anti-HIV-1 activity. The molecular weights of DS within the range 4000 to 12,000 do not appear to influence its anti-HIV potency.
 ...
PMID:Dextran sulfate as an inhibitor against the human immunodeficiency virus. 246 37

Several sulfated polysaccharides (dextran sulfate, pentosan polysulfate, fucoidan, and carrageenans) proved to be potent inhibitors for herpes simplex virus, human cytomegalovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, Sindbis virus, and human immunodeficiency virus. They were moderately inhibitory to vaccinia virus but not inhibitory to adenovirus, coxsackievirus, poliovirus, parainfluenza virus, and reovirus. These results indicate that, with the exception of parainfluenza virus, enveloped viruses are specifically susceptible to the inhibitory activity of sulfated polysaccharides.
 ...
PMID:Sulfated polysaccharides are potent and selective inhibitors of various enveloped viruses, including herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, and human immunodeficiency virus. 247 75

Viral peritonitis is an exceptionally rare occurrence in peritoneal dialysis. In fact, up to now, only one case report has been documented in the literature. In a prospective study, peritoneal dialysis effluent (PDE) was specifically cultured for the following viruses: the herpes group of viruses, including herpes simplex types I (HSV) and II, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and varicella-zoster (V-Z), and the enteroviruses group including coxsackie B-5 (Cox B), echo, enterovirus and polio. Cultures were performed under both basal conditions and in the presence of peritonitis. No viral growth was demonstrated. The possible existence of an anti-viral factor in the PDE was therefore raised. In order to investigate this hypothesis, the PDE of 16 patients undergoing intermittent peritoneal dialysis and of 24 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis were examined for anti-viral activity. The method used was analogous to that employed for testing the anti-viral effect of interferon (IFN). The inhibition of the cytopathic effect (CPE) of various viruses was examined in the following tissue cultures: Vero cells (a line of monkey kidney cells) incubated with HSV, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and Cox B; human kidney cells incubated with parainfluenza 3 (Para-3); human foreskin fibroblasts incubated with CMV, HSV and VSV and L-929 (a line of mouse cells) incubated with VSV. As control, unused Dianeal (Travenol, Ashdod, Israel) 1.5 and 4.25 g/dl, normal saline and 5 g/dl dextrose solutions were tested under the same conditions using VSV on Vero. The PDE was also examined for the presence of specific anti-viral antibodies by microneutralization and ELISA tests.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Presence of an anti-viral factor in peritoneal dialysis effluent. 247 80


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>