Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two groups of children suffering from acute herpetic stomatitis were under study. 214 patients were referred to a group at risk of developing a chronic form of the condition on the basis of mathematical prediction. The immunofluorescent antibody technique was used to detect herpes simplex virus antigen in the peripheral blood leukocytes of healthy children and patients. The studies have shown inadequate humoral and local immunologic defense in the children referred to the risk group; herpes simplex antigen was more often detectable in their blood leukocytes than in the reference group.
 ...
PMID:[The clinical and pathogenetic characteristics of acute herpetic stomatitis in children belonging to a group at risk for the conversion of the disease into a chronic form]. 165 49

The protein kinase C inhibitor H-7 (2-20 microM) inhibited dose-dependently the infectivity of the vesicular stomatitis virus on cultured human fibroblasts. Electron microscopy showed that H-7 inhibited the viral entry. H-7 also inhibited the infectivity of four other enveloped viruses, herpes simplex I, turkey herpes, vaccinia and Sindbis. Similar results were obtained using staurosporine (2.5 nM), tamoxifen (40 microM), phloretin (140 microM), or W-7 (40 microM). However, the infectivity of non-enveloped viruses (e.g. poliomyelitis I) was not inhibited by H-7. These results show that protein kinase C is critically involved in the infectivity of enveloped viruses, most probably at the level of viral entry (receptor-mediated endocytosis).
 ...
PMID:Effects of protein kinase C inhibitors on viral entry and infectivity. 165 99

Anthraquinones and anthraquinone derivatives were characterized for their antiviral and virucidal activities against viruses representing several taxonomic groups. One of these compounds, hypericin, had activity against vesicular stomatitis virus, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, parainfluenza virus, and vaccinia virus (from 0.5 to 3.8 log10 reductions in infectivity) at concentrations of less than 1 microgram/ml as determined by a direct pre-infection incubation assay. Human rhinovirus was not sensitive to hypericin at concentrations up to 10 micrograms/ml. Addition of small amounts of Tween-80 to solutions containing hypericin enhanced, by up to 2.6 log10, hypericin's virucidal activity. Anthraquinones and anthraquinone derivatives with the hydroxyl and alkyl substitution pattern of emodin (i.e. emodin, emodin anthrone, emodin bianthrone and hypericin) were active against the enveloped viruses tested. The following general pattern of activity was found: hypericin greater than emodin bianthrone greater than emodin anthrone greater than emodin. Chrysophanic acid, aloe-emodin, and sennosides A and B did not possess activity against any of the viruses tested.
 ...
PMID:In vitro virucidal activity of selected anthraquinones and anthraquinone derivatives. 166 61

Our recent efforts have been directed at the development of selective inhibitors of different classes of viruses, including adeno, pox, and herpesviruses [herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2), varicella-zoster (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)], (+/-)RNA viruses (reo- and rotavirus), (-)RNA viruses (influenza, parainfluenza, measles, respiratory syncytial, vesicular stomatitis and rabies virus) and retroviruses [i.e. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of AIDS]. In this search, the following molecular targets were envisaged: for DNA viruses in general, the viral DNA polymerase; for herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus, the viral DNA polymerase via a specific phosphorylation by the viral 2'-deoxythymidine (dThd) kinase; for (+/-)RNA and (-)RNA viruses, S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) hydrolase, a key enzyme in transmethylation reactions required for the maturation of viral mRNA; for retroviruses, reverse transcriptase as initiator of virus replication and/or cell transformation; and for several enveloped viruses (i.e. retro-, herpes- and rhabdoviruses), virus adsorption to the outer cell membrane. Several new compounds have been developed that appear to act at these targets: i.e. (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine [bromovinyldeoxyuridine (BVDU)] and derivatives thereof [i.e. carbocyclic BVDU (C-BVDU)] as well as derivatives of acyclovir (i.e. 8-substituted acyclovir derivatives) as inhibitors of herpesviruses; (S)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine [(S)-HPMPA], 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA) and other phosphonylmethoxyalkylpurines and -pyrimidines as inhibitors of DNA viruses and retroviruses; acyclic and carbocyclic analogues of adenosine [such as (S)-9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine [S)-DHPA), carbocyclic 3-deazaadenosine (C-c3Ado), (RS)-3-adenin-9-yl-2-hydroxypropanoic acid (AHPA) alkyl esters, neplanocin A, 3-deazaneplanocin A and the 5'-nor derivatives of neplanocin A and 3-deazaneplanocin A] as inhibitors of (+/-)RNA and (-)RNA viruses; 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside analogues as inhibitors of retroviruses; and sulfated polysaccharides (i.e. heparin, dextran sulfate, pentosan polysulfate, mannan sulfate), sulfated polyvinylalcohol and co-polymers of sulfated polyvinylalcohol with acrylic acid as inhibitors of retro-, herpes- and rhabdoviruses.
 ...
PMID:Selective virus inhibitors. 169 49

A major transcriptional regulatory protein, ICP4, of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is localized primarily within the nucleus soon after its synthesis. Recent studies have shown that approximately 100 to 200 molecules of ICP4 are located in the tegument region of purified virions (F. Yao and R. J. Courtney, J. Virol. 63:3338-3344, 1989). As an extension to these studies, we present data suggesting that ICP4 may also associate with the plasma membrane of HSV-1-infected cells. The experimental approaches used included the isolation and purification of plasma membranes from HSV-1-infected cells, the isolation of purified vesicular stomatitis virus containing ICP4, and immunofluorescence of HSV-1-infected cells following selective permeabilization with detergent. The results from the above studies support the suggestion that detectable amounts of ICP4 are associated with the inner surface of the plasma membrane of HSV-1-infected cells.
 ...
PMID:Association of a major transcriptional regulatory protein, ICP4, of herpes simplex virus type 1 with the plasma membrane of virus-infected cells. 184 68

Natural killer (NK)-mediated lysis of herpes simplex virus type 1-infected fibroblasts (HSV-FS) has been previously shown to require the co-operation of CD16-positive NK cells and an HLA-DR-positive accessory cell population. In contrast, lysis of K562 tumour cells requires the presence of only the Leu-11-positive cells. In the current study, targets of different morphologies, both virally infected and non-infected, were tested in an attempt to dissect out which target characteristics determine the need for accessory cell participation for NK-mediated lysis. Effector populations were obtained through antibody plus complement (C) depletions of subpopulations of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells using anti-HLA-DR+C (accessory cell depleted) or anti-CD16+C (NK depleted). The subpopulations were tested both alone and mixed together for their ability to mediate target lysis. Although NK-mediated lysis of most HSV-infected targets required the presence of HLA-DR-positive accessory cells, there was one set of exceptions. Lysis of the non-adherent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid lines HSV-Raji, HSV-ARH and HSV-CCRF demonstrated only partial accessory cell dependence. All infected adherent cell lines were accessory cell dependent. In contrast, none of the adherent or non-adherent non-infected targets tested required the presence of DR-positive accessory cells for killing. Therefore, the presence of virus was an indicator of accessory cell dependence for NK-mediated kill except in the cases where HSV-infected EBV-transformed targets were used. Assay times of 4 hr versus 14 hr were conducted to determine if the kinetics of kill of various targets correlated with the requirement for accessory cells. A substantial percentage of the total lysis seen at 14 hr occurred within 4 hr for accessory cell independent lysis of the non-infected targets. In contrast, accessory cell-dependent kill of infected targets usually required longer incubation time for substantial lysis to occur, and correlated with interferon (IFN) production. NK-mediated lysis of vesicular stomatitis virus-infected fibroblasts required the presence of both the CD16- and HLA-DR-positive subpopulations, extending the role of DR-positive cells in NK-mediated killing beyond herpes virally infected targets.
 ...
PMID:Natural killer-mediated lysis of some but not all HSV-1- or VSV-infected targets requires the participation of HLA-DR-positive accessory cells. 185 Nov 36

The antiviral potency of an hydroalcoholic extract from Haemanthus albiflos (AMARYLLIDACEAE) bulb was investigated. Experimentations were conducted on continuous cell lines (BGM, MA 104, Hep 2) seeded in microplates. Three viruses from the RNA group (Poliovirus type I, Vesicular Stomatitis Virus type 11 and Simian Rotavirus SA 11) and two from the DNA group (Adenovirus type 5, Herpes Simplex Virus type 1) were tested. Important reduction in yield of viral infectivity was observed with the RNA group (respectively 6,4 and 4,5 logarithmic units order of magnitude).
 ...
PMID:[Plants as a source of research in antiviral activity. Example of the Haemanthus albiflos bulb]. 193 68

The use of caprylate for the inactivation of lipid-enveloped viruses in biologically active proteins both plasma derived and produced by cell culture was evaluated. Viruses consisted of herpes simplex virus type I, vesicular stomatitis virus, vaccinia virus, and Sindbis virus. Utilizing the dissociation reaction and varying the concentration of the ionized form of caprylate, a specific amount of the nonionized form of caprylate was maintained over a wide pH range. Virus-spiked protein solutions contacted with caprylate provide rapid virus inactivation under a variety of conditions while maintaining the integrity of the respective protein or activity. With the exception of coagulation factor AHF, protein and biological activity yield were essentially quantitative. Caprylate is removed after treatment by size exclusion chromatography or anion/cation exchange adsorption of the protein, followed by buffer wash.
 ...
PMID:Inactivation of lipid-enveloped viruses in proteins by caprylate. 203 41

1. SB-73, a magnesium ammonium phospholinoleate anhydride aggregate, exhibited antiviral action in vitro in the concentration range of 50 to 100 micrograms/ml against herpes simplex type 1, stomatitis vesicular virus, adenovirus type 5, and in vivo in the dose range of 0.7 to 1.3 mg/kg against canine parvovirus and distemper virus. 2. The lethal dose (LD50) was 2.71 +/- 1.55 g/kg body weight in mice inoculated intraperitoneally. Oral ingestion of the aggregate up to 30 g/kg body weight by mice had no lethal effects during the 14 days of observation. 3. In in vitro cytotoxicity experiments with fibroblasts (V-79 Chinese hamster cell line), no toxic effects were observed with SB-73 concentrations (120 micrograms/ml) having antiviral activity. 4. In a cellular proliferation experiment using hamster V-79 cells, we observed 72% proliferation after treatment of the cells with a high concentration (500 micrograms/ml) of SB-73. 5. Compound SB-73 showed no genotoxicity for human lymphocytes at concentrations of 100 micrograms/ml. 6. When the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of SB-73 were compared with those of acyclovir, idoxuridine and AZT at 500 micrograms/ml concentrations the compound was found to have effects similar to those of acyclovir.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of the antiviral activity and toxicity of a protein magnesium ammonium phospholinoleate anhydride polymer with other antiviral drugs. 213 64

Superinfection of H9 cells persistently infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with thermolabile vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) or herpes simplex virus (HSV) led to the synthesis of hybrid progeny. These phenotypic mixtures were able to infect HeLa or Chinese hamster ovary cell lines, leading to the production of HIV p24 antigen and infectious HIV. This production was abrogated by prior incubation of the phenotypic mixtures with antiserum against VSV or HSV, as well as by incubation of the mixtures at 39 degrees C for 10 h. These results demonstrate that during coinfection of cells with either a RNA or DNA virus, HIV forms hybrid virions composed of the genetic information of HIV and the envelope glycoproteins of the coinfecting viruses.
 ...
PMID:Phenotypic mixing between human immunodeficiency virus and vesicular stomatitis virus or herpes simplex virus. 215 77


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>