Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A Phase I trial of 2-beta-D-ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide (NSC 286193, tiazofurin) was conducted using a 5-day continuous infusion schedule. Twenty-four patients with advanced cancer were entered on this trial. Dose levels ranged from 360 to 2350 mg/sq m/day for 5 days. Neurotoxicity was dose limiting and occurred in six patients. Neurotoxicity was expressed as confusion, lethargy, or obtundation and was associated with focal neurological deficits in four of six patients: hemiparesis, three; cortical blindness and bilateral upper extremity weakness, one. Neurotoxicity was not clearly dose related, occurring at 900 mg/sq m/day for 5 days (two patients), 1100 mg/sq m/day for 5 days (two patients), 1850 mg/sq m/day for 5 days, and 2350 mg/sq m/day for 5 days (one patient each). Other toxicities seen were myelosuppression, desquamation of palms and soles, malar erythema, and hyperpigmentation, stomatitis, chest pain, drug fever, and increased serum creatine phosphokinase. Administered drug [71.5 +/- 11.2% (SE)] was recovered intact in the urine within 24 h of administration. Terminal-phase mean harmonic half-life was 8.0 h. The unpredictable neurotoxicity seen following continuous infusion therapy with tiazofurin suggests that Phase II trials of this schedule are not indicated until better understanding of the biochemical effects of tiazofurin is achieved.
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PMID:Phase I clinical study with pharmacokinetic analysis of 2-beta-D-ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide (NSC 286193) administered as a five-day infusion. 398 12

A 74-year-old female with a 5-year medical history of breast infiltrating lobular carcinoma was admitted to our Rehabilitation Unit ward for left hemiparesis secondary to neurosurgical removal of frontal and right parietal metastatic lesions. After the intervention, prophylactic treatment with the antiepileptic diphenylhydantoin 100 mg/tid was started. On 38th day of drug administration an erythema without itch appeared in jugular and parasternal region and absent in the clothing covered areas, suggesting a contact dermatitis. Next day, the erythema extended to the neck with poorly delineated red plaques. During the following 4 days the patient presented oral stomatitis with fetid breath, atypical targetoid and erythematous confluenced macules. The clinical picture rapidly worsened with vesiculate, bullate lesions and frank skin erosions. The patient was sent to a Dermatology Burn Unit where a therapy with corticosteroids, antibiotics, fluids, albumin and immunoglobulins was administrated. Complete clinical resolution was observed after 1 month without long-term sequelae. Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare (incidence about 0.01%) adverse drug reaction related to idiosyncratic mechanism, burdened by a mortality rate ranging from 3.2 to 90%. In our patient, TEN covered 63% of body surface, a condition associated with a death risk of 58.3% according to the specific severity illness scale SCORTEN. The disease onset may be insidious, and it could appear as a skin rash without itch; the cutaneous manifestations appear quite lately, then the disease quickly progresses. Early recognition of the disease, especially in oncologic patients, is critical for effective management of this condition in terms of mortality reduction.
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PMID:An insidious skin rash without itch. 2222 32