Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between October 1980 and December 1985, 50 patients with esophageal cancer were treated with combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil [5-FU] and mitomycin C). Thirty patients with stage I or II disease received definitive treatment consisting of 6,000 cGy in 6 to 7 weeks and 5-FU (1,000 mg/m2/24 h) as a continuous intravenous (IV) infusion for 96 hours, starting on days 2 and 29. Mitomycin C (10 mg/m2) was administered as a bolus injection on day 2. Twenty patients received palliative treatment (5,000 cGy plus chemotherapy) for stage III or IV disease (extraesophageal spread or distant metastases). All patients treated in this program had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0, 1, or 2. Of the 30 definitively treated patients, 23 had squamous cell cancer, while seven had adenocarcinoma. Follow-up ranged from 6 months to 63 months. The complete response rate at 1 to 3 months following completion of treatment was 87% (26 of 30) documented by barium swallow and endoscopy (+/- biopsy). The actuarially determined local relapse-free rate at 1 year and beyond was 73%, and the actuarial survivals at 1, 2, and 5 years were 68%, 47%, and 32%, respectively. Of the 20 palliatively treated patients, ten had squamous cell carcinoma, eight had adenocarcinoma, and two had undifferentiated carcinoma. Seventeen patients were evaluable for freedom from dysphagia 1 or more months following completion of treatment. Eighty-two percent of evaluable patients (14 of 17) had no dysphagia posttreatment, while 64% (11 of 17) remained free of dysphagia until death or last follow-up, emphasizing the significant local control of those patients. The median survival for this group was 8 months. Treatment was well tolerated, and acute toxicity included esophagitis, stomatitis, oral candidiasis, and hematologic toxicities of thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. Late toxicities were predominantly manifested as a mild to moderate benign stricture, which required dilatation in four patients. One patient developed a perforation into the mediastinum in the absence of tumor, while two patients with persistent local disease developed tracheoesophageal fistula, and radiation pneumonitis was observed in two patients. This combination of radiation therapy with infusional 5-FU and mitomycin C is an effective and relatively well-tolerated regimen in the treatment of esophageal cancer. Surgical resection may not be necessary when high-dose radiation and chemotherapy are used.
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PMID:Nonsurgical management of esophageal cancer: report of a study of combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy. 244 31

Twenty-four patients with advanced epidermoid carcinoma of the esophagus were treated with trimetrexate (TMTX), a lipid soluble non-classical antifol. Patients were given TMTX 8 mg/m2 intravenously day 1-5 every 28 days. In nine of these patients the dose was escalated to 12 mg/m2 day 1-5 every 28 days. Three patients had a partial response (95% confidence limit 3-32%) with a median response duration of 14 weeks. No hematologic toxicity was documented. Two patients developed moderate stomatitis and only 3 patients experienced any nausea or vomiting. The median survival of all patients is 12 weeks. It is concluded that a higher dose of TMTX should be studied in patients with esophageal cancer in order to assess the true therapeutic value of the agent at a dose closer to the median tolerated dose. A phase II ECOG study using TMTX 12 mg/m2 intravenously day 1-5 every 21 days is currently being conducted.
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PMID:Trimetrexate in advanced carcinoma of the esophagus. 297 10

A preliminary use of Peplomycin (PEP) was investigated in 14 patients with advanced esophageal cancer. PEP was given intermittently with a dose of 10 mg intravenously twice a week. As side effects there were observed fever elevation in 8 cases, stomatitis in 4 cases, erosion of the skin of the scrotum in 1 case and pigmentation in 1 case, respectively. Dyspnea associated with decrease of PaO2 was observed in 4 cases, which recovered promptly after discontinuing of the administration. Out of 10 evaluable cases, partial response was observed in 1, minor response in 1, no change in 3 and progressive disease in 5 cases, respectively. While the effect was only limited in these experiences, the local injection of PEP into or around the tumor using the external fistula of the remaining esophagus which was made at the time of by-pass operation was discussed.
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PMID:[Clinical use of peplomycin in esophageal cancer]. 619 10

We present the case of a 72-year-old man with gastric tube cancer accompanied by multiple liver metastases, after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer, whose quality of life (QOL) was improved with a small dosage of TS-1. The patient's high serum AFP level suggested alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer. He was treated with half the standard dose of TS-1, because the patient's poor general condition necessitated chemotherapy with low toxicity and high efficacy. The daily dose was 40 mg for the first three courses and 50 mg for the last two. Each treatment course consisted of a four-week administration followed by two drug-free weeks. The patient received five courses of chemotherapy at our outpatient clinic before his death from re-progression of liver metastasis. No serious side effect except temporary stomatitis was observed. A decrease in tumor markers, alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen, was obtained after 4 weeks. After 2 cycles, computed tomography and endoscopy examinations showed regression of the primary tumor and liver metastases, and tumor markers were decreased remarkably. The patient's QOL improved gradually after the treatment. His performance status before the chemotherapy was 3, and improved to 1 after two cycles. The small dosage of TS-1 was effective without any adverse effects, and improved the patient's QOL, for 6 months.
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PMID:[A patient with advanced gastric cancer in the gastric tube whose QOL was improved by TS-1]. 1191 37

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of allopurinol spray on stomatitis induced by chemotherapy for esophageal cancer. The chemotherapeutics used consisted of 5-FU + CDDP (FC) given to 40 patients and 5-FU + ND (FN) given to 9 patients. Allopurinol solution for spray was prepared using a gelatin agent as base. The allopurinol spray was used 3-5 times daily before and after chemotherapy. The Japan Society for Cancer Therapy's criteria for stomatitis were used. With FN-therapy, no stomatitis was observed. With FC-therapy, 9 of 40 patients developed stomatitis of grade 1 (8 patients) or grade 2 (1). The incidence of stomatitis was 18.4% with all therapies and 22.5% with FC-therapy. The average graded toxicity was 0.20 for all therapies and 0.25 for FC-therapy. These results suggest that allopurinol spray is markedly effective for the prevention of stomatitis induced by chemotherapy. In addition, allopurinol spray is portable and convenient, and resulted in less nausea or vomiting than mouthwash.
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PMID:[The preventive effect of allopurinol spray on stomatitis induced by anti-cancer drugs]. 1197 40

We conducted a pilot study of nedaplatin + 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) combined with radiotherapy for 29 patients with primary advanced (stage IV) esophageal cancer. A complete remission (CR) was obtained in 4 (14%) and a partial response in 13 patients (response rate: 59%). The median survival time and one-year survival rate were 238 days and 34.5%, respectively. Of the 29 patients, 24 (83%) completed the treatment schedule and toxicity of stomatitis and the like was infrequent. In conclusion, these results suggest that the efficacy of nedaplatin + 5-FU combined with radiotherapy might not differ from that of cisplatin + 5-FU combined with radiotherapy. Clearly, the usefulness of this combined therapy needs to be assessed in multicenter phase III trials.
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PMID:[Nedaplatin and 5-fluorouracil combined with radiotherapy for advanced esophageal cancer]. 1285 47

A 66-year-old man was found to have both advanced cancer of the middle thoracic esophagus and advanced cancer of the middle third of the stomach with paraaortic lymph node metastases. The prognosis was poor because of local advanced disease and distant metastasis. The patient was therefore given combined chemotherapy with TS-1 and cisplatin. TS-1 (80 mg/day) was administered on days 1 to 5, 8 to 12, 15 to 19, and 22 to 26 (weekday-on/weekend-off schedule), and cisplatin (70 mg/m2 intravenously over the course of 2 hours) was administered on days 1 and 15 of a 28-day cycle. After 2 courses of chemotherapy the esophageal lesion had a complete response, and the gastric lesion had a partial response (reduction ratio, 71.4%). However, stomatitis and anorexia of grade 2 (NCI-CTC) occurred. Two courses of TS-1 alone (80 mg/m2) were therefore given. The esophageal lesion continued to show a complete response and the gastric lesion a partial response (reduction ratio, 85.7%). There was no change in the para-aortic lymph node metastasis (No. 16a2 latero). No adverse reaction to chemotherapy was severer than grade 3, and a good response was obtained. These findings indicate that chemotherapy with a combination of TS-1 and cisplatin is effective against advanced esophageal cancer and advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Remarkable response of simultaneous advanced esophageal and gastric cancer to combined chemotherapy with weekday-on/Weekend-off TS-1 plus biweekly cisplatin]. 1451 17

This is a report of a case with esophageal cancer in which pathological CR was obtained by neoadjvant chemoradiotherapy using a low-dose of nedaplatin (CDGP)/5-FU. The patient was a male aged 76. A protuberant lesion diagnosed as esophageal cancer was found in the middle thoracic esophagus by esophagography. Since another lesion in the upper thoracic esophagus was revealed by endoscopy, metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes was diagnosed by ultrasonography, and preoperative chemoradiotherapy combining a low dose of CDGP/5-FU with radiotherapy was performed. As side effects of this treatment, grade 2 stomatitis and granulocytopenia were observed. The main lesion of the esophagus was found to have significantly diminished through endoscopy after completion of the treatment, and with no malignant cells obtained by biopsy. No cervical lymph nodes were found. It was diagnosed as partial response (PR) through imaging diagnosis. Radical resection of esophageal cancer under right thoracotomy and laparotomy was performed. Operative findings were Ch x R-T3N0M0 Stage II R0 D2 Cur A. Pathological examination of resected specimens revealed no viable cancer cells in the esophagus or metastasis to the dissected lymph nodes. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy using a low-dose of CDGP/5-FU is an effective treatment for esophageal cancer.
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PMID:[A resected case of thoracic esophageal cancer in which pCR was obtained using low-dose of nedaplatin (CDGP)/5-FU and radiotherapy]. 1544 65

Esophageal cancer frequently expresses cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme. In preclinical studies, COX-2 inhibition results in decreased cell proliferation and potentiation of chemotherapy and radiation. We report preliminary results of a phase II study conducted by the Hoosier Oncology Group in patients with potentially resectable esophageal cancer. All patients received cisplatin at 75 mg/m2 given on days 1 and 29 and fluorouracil (5-FU) at 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 to 4 and 29 to 32 with radiation (50.4 Gy beginning on day 1). Celecoxib (Celebrex) was administered at 200 mg orally twice daily beginning on day 1 until surgery and then at 400 mg orally twice daily until disease progression or unexpected toxicities, or for a maximum of 5 years. Esophagectomy was performed 4 to 6 weeks after completion of chemoradiation. The primary study endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR). Secondary endpoints included response rate, toxicity, overall survival, and correlation between COX-2 expression and pCR. Thirty-one patients were enrolled from March 2001 to July 2002. Respective grade 3/4 toxicities were experienced by 58%/19% of patients, and consisted of granulocytopenia (16%), nausea/vomiting (16%), esophagitis (10%), dehydration (10%), stomatitis (6%), and diarrhea (31%). Seven patients (24%) required initiation of enteral feedings. There have been seven deaths so far, resulting from postoperative complications (2), pulmonary embolism (1), pneumonia (1), and progressive disease (3). Of the 22 patients (71%) who underwent surgery, 5 had pCR (22%). We conclude that the addition of celecoxib to chemoradiation is well tolerated. The pCR rate of 22% in this study is similar to that reported with the use of preoperative chemoradiation in other trials. Further follow-up is necessary to assess the impact of maintenance therapy with celecoxib on overall survival.
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PMID:Cisplatin, fluorouracil, celecoxib, and RT in resectable esophageal cancer: preliminary results. 1568 29

We treated a 69-year-old man who had developed esophageal cancer following gastrectomy. Pathologic complete response (pCR) was obtained by neoadjvant chemoradiotherapy using low-dose nedaplatin (CDGP) and 5-fluorouracil. The cancer located in the middle of the thoracic esophagus, had invaded the trachea and metastasized to cervical lymph nodes according to computed tomography. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy combining a low-dose of CDGP with 5-FU was administered together with radiotherapy. Adverse effects included grade 2 stomatitis and leukocytopenia. The esophageal cancer was found by endoscopy to have diminished significantly after completion of neoadjuvant therapy, An endoscopic biopsy specimen was found to contain no malignant cells. The tumor also was smaller by CT, where cervical lymph nodes no longer showed involvement. Partial response was diagnosed based on imaging, and radical resection of the esophageal cancer was performed via right thoracotomy and laparotomy. Operative staging findings indicated Ch x R-T 3 N 0 M 0, Stage II R 0 D 2 Cur A. Pedicled jejunum was used to reconstruct the esophagus through a mediastinal route. Pathologic examination of resected specimens disclosed no viable cancer cells in the esophagus or metastasis to dissected lymph nodes. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy using low-dose CDGP/5-FU is an effective treatment for esophageal cancer.
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PMID:[Pathologic complete response of thoracic esophageal cancer developing after gastrectomy to neoadjuvant low-dose nedaplatin (CDGP), 5-fluorouracil and radiotherapy]. 1604 66


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