Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cases of papular stomatitis in Finnish reindeer have been reported for many years. The causative agent was thought to be Orf virus (ORFV), one of the Parapoxviridae, although this assumption was based mainly on clinical symptoms, pathology and electron microscopy. Here sequence analyses of the viral DNA isolated from a recent outbreak of disease in 1999-2000 are presented in comparison to that isolated from earlier outbreaks in 1992-1994. The results show that the virus isolated from the 1999-2000 outbreak is most closely related to Pseudocowpox virus, whereas those from previous years grouped with ORFV. The present study describes a method for genetic characterization and classification of parapoxviruses (PPVs) and provides for the first time an extended phylogenetic analysis of PPVs isolated from Finland, established members of the genus Parapoxvirus and selected members of the subfamily Chordopoxvirinae.
 ...
PMID:Recent isolates of parapoxvirus of Finnish reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) are closely related to bovine pseudocowpox virus. 1516 23

Cutaneous pox-like lesions are a common complication in the rehabilitation of pinnipeds. However, the exact identity, taxonomy, and host range of pinniped parapoxviruses remain unknown. During a poxvirus outbreak in May 2003 in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) at a marine mammal rehabilitation facility, multiple raised, firm, 1-3-cm skin nodules from the head, neck, and thorax of one sea lion weanling pup that spontaneously died were collected. Histologically, the nodules were characterized by inflammation and necrosis of the dermis and epidermis, acanthosis, and ballooning degeneration of the stratum spinosum. Large, coalescing eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions were observed in the ballooned cells. A parapoxvirus (sea lion poxvirus 1, SLPV-1) was isolated on early passage California sea lion kidney cells inoculated with a tissue homogenate of a skin nodule. The morphology of the virions on electron microscopy was consistent with that of parapoxviruses. Partial sequencing of the genomic region encoding the putative major virion envelope antigen p42K confirmed the assignment of the sea lion poxvirus to the genus Parapoxvirus. Although SLPV-1 is most closely related to the poxvirus of harbor seals of the European North Sea, it is significantly different from orf virus, bovine papular stomatitis virus, pseudocowpox virus and the parapoxvirus of New Zealand red deer.
 ...
PMID:Pathology and preliminary characterization of a parapoxvirus isolated from a California sea lion (Zalophus californianus). 1669 45

Orf is an infectious ulcerative stomatitis of sheep and goats. The responsible pathogen, parapoxvirus, may be transmitted to humans. Orf lesions are often atypical in immunocompromised individuals. The present report describes two very large exophytic lesions in a 31-year-old transplant patient receiving oral tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone. Early surgical excision was successful, with no relapse after 14 months.
 ...
PMID:Two giant orf lesions in a heart/lung transplant patient. 1670 95

Orf virus (ORFV), the type species of Parapoxvirus, is responsible for contagious ecthyma in sheep and goats. In the present report, sequence analysis of major envelope gene (B2L) of four Indian orf virus isolates originating two each from sheep and goats was carried out. These recent isolates belonged to different outbreaks that occurred in Kumaon hills and adjoining plains during 2004-2005. Preliminary screening of the scab samples was carried out by diagnostic PCR. Full-length B2L gene encoding for immunogenic major envelope protein from all the four ORFV isolates was amplified by PCR and the amplicons (1206 bp) were cloned and sequenced. Comparative sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1137 nucleotides (nt) encoding a polypeptide of 378 amino acids (aa). Indian isolates were highly related amongst themselves with sequence identity of over 97% at the nt and aa level. Further, they showed 97-98% sequence identity with sequences of other ORFV isolates from around the world; while 94-95 and 82.7-83.8% sequence identity was observed, respectively, with pseudocowpox and bovine papular stomatitis viruses--the other members of the genus. Phylogenetic analysis also showed that these Parapoxviruses from sheep and goats are closely related to other orf viruses reported worldwide.
 ...
PMID:Comparative sequence analysis of major envelope protein gene (B2L) of Indian orf viruses isolated from sheep and goats. 1677 57

Stomatitis in sheep caused by orf virus can be confused with lesions of more economically significant diseases, including foot-and-mouth disease, but there is no published account of the sequential development of oral orf lesions in the sheep. This report describes the clinical appearance of such lesions during a natural outbreak of the disease in young lambs. Lesions were seen on the gingiva, the tongue and the dental pad/hard palate, and progressed from small erythematous papules to larger, often coalescing papules that in some cases were ulcerated. Resolution started within seven days and was complete within 22 days. The lambs continued to suck and thrive throughout the infection. Lesions at all stages were proliferative, providing a major differentiating factor between orf and other causes of stomatitis in sheep.
 ...
PMID:The development of oral lesions in lambs naturally infected with orf virus. 1718 14

Definitive diagnosis of vesicular or vesicular-like lesions in livestock animals presents challenges both for veterinary clinicians and diagnostic laboratories. It is often impossible to diagnose the causative disease agent on a clinical basis alone and difficult to collect ample vesicular epithelium samples. Due to restrictions of time and sample size, once laboratory tests have ruled out foot-and-mouth disease, vesicular stomatitis and swine vesicular disease a definitive diagnosis may remain elusive. With the ability to test a small quantity of sample for a large number of pathogens simultaneously, DNA microarrays represent a potential solution to this problem. This study describes the application of a long oligonucleotide microarray assay to the identification of viruses known to cause vesicular or vesicular-like lesions in livestock animals. Eighteen virus isolates from cell culture were successfully identified to genus level, including representatives of each foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype, two species of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), swine vesicular disease virus, vesicular exanthema of swine virus (VESV), bovine herpesvirus 1, orf virus, pseudocowpox virus, bluetongue virus serotype 1 and bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1. VSV and VESV were also identified in vesicular epithelium samples, with varying levels of sensitivity. The results indicate that with further development this microarray assay could be a valuable tool for the diagnosis of vesicular and vesicular-like diseases.
 ...
PMID:Microarray-based detection of viruses causing vesicular or vesicular-like lesions in livestock animals. 1862 89

The GIF protein of orf virus (ORFV) binds and inhibits the ovine cytokines granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-2 (IL-2). An equivalent protein has so far not been found in any of the other poxvirus genera and we therefore investigated whether it was conserved in the parapoxviruses. The corresponding genes from both the bovine-specific pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) and bovine papular stomatitis virus (BPSV) were cloned and sequenced. The predicted amino acid sequences of the PCPV and BPSV proteins shared 88 and 37 % identity, respectively, with the ORFV protein. Both retained the six cysteine residues and the WSXWS-like motif that are required for biological activity of the ORFV protein. However, an analysis of the biological activity of the two recombinant proteins revealed that, whilst the PCPV GIF protein bound to both ovine and bovine GM-CSF and IL-2 with very similar binding affinities to the ORFV GIF protein, no GM-CSF- or IL-2-binding activity was found for the BPSV protein.
 ...
PMID:Conservation and variation of the parapoxvirus GM-CSF-inhibitory factor (GIF) proteins. 1926 72

Parapoxviruses (PPV), of the family Poxviridae, cause a pustular cutaneous disease in sheep and goats (orf virus, ORFV) and cattle (pseudocowpoxvirus, PCPV and bovine papular stomatitis virus, BPSV). Here, we present the first genomic sequence of a reference strain of PCPV (VR634) along with the genomic sequence of a PPV (F00.120R) isolated in Finland from reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). The F00.120R and VR634 genomes are 135 and 145 kb in length and contain 131 and 134 putative genes, respectively, with their genome organization being similar to that of other PPVs. The predicted proteins of F00.120R and VR634 have an average amino acid sequence identity of over 95%, whereas they share only 88 and 73% amino acid identity with the ORFV and BPSV proteomes, respectively. The most notable differences were found near the genome termini. F00.120R lacks six and VR634 lacks three genes seen near the right terminus of other PPVs. Four genes at the left end of F00.120R and one in the middle of both genomes appear to be fragmented paralogues of other genes within the genome. VR634 has larger than expected inverted terminal repeats possibly as a result of genomic rearrangements. The high G+C content (64%) of these two viruses along with amino acid sequence comparisons and whole genome phylogenetic analyses confirm the classification of PCPV as a separate species within the genus Parapoxvirus and verify that the virus responsible for an outbreak of contagious stomatitis in reindeer over the winter of 1999-2000 can be classified as PCPV.
 ...
PMID:The genome of pseudocowpoxvirus: comparison of a reindeer isolate and a reference strain. 2010 16

Orf virus, pseudocowpox virus and bovine papular stomatitis virus, are parapoxviruses, associated with domestic ruminants, which are capable of causing cutaneous infections in humans. Owing to virtually identical appearances in humans, clinical differentiation of these viruses is difficult. We discuss three recent occurrences of parapoxvirus infection, involving contact with domestic bovine and use a combination of molecular and epidemiological data in the diagnosis. These cases underscore the utility of modern diagnostic tools, along with species-specific contact information in acquiring a definitive diagnosis, in the case of suspected parapoxvirus infection.
 ...
PMID:Diagnosis of bovine-associated parapoxvirus infections in humans: molecular and epidemiological evidence. 2016 77

Ecthyma contagiosum (orf) is caused by a parapox virus, which results in ulcerative stomatitis of mainly sheep and goats. The disease may be transmitted to humans through direct contact. Complications are rare in healthy individuals, who rarely report the disease. Two married, recreational sheep farmers, were bitten on their index fingers by an affected lamb. While the husband made an uneventful recovery after oral flucloxacillin, his wife was admitted to hospital with necrosis of her finger, cellulitis and lymphangitis requiring intravenous clindamycin. She subsequently developed a generalized maculo-papular rash, which was initially thought to be an adverse drug reaction, but, on hindsight, may have been erythema multiforme associated with orf. Orf is a common zoonosis, rarely reported in general practice. The disease is usually self-limiting and resolves in 6-8 weeks, but complications may occur. The diagnosis should be considered in at-risk occupational and religious groups.
 ...
PMID:Lamb pays lip service: two cases of ecthyma contagiosum (orf). 2151 34


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 Next >>