Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To evaluate the immune response in an immunosuppressed population, antibodies against commercially available Candida albicans antigens were prospectively studied during 37 episodes of acute stomatitis caused by C. albicans and 36 episodes complicated by deep-seated mycoses in 62 adult patients with hematologic malignancies. During uncomplicated stomatitis in patients with acute leukemia, the mean peak IgM, IgG and IgA class enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) units differed significantly from the basic level preceding fungal infection. Mean time until peak values was 2.7-3.8 weeks after diagnosis of stomatitis. During systemic mycoses the antibody response was similar. Among patients with other hematologic malignancies, predominantly lymphomas, several were terminally ill and responded infrequently by antibody production. Similar results were given by Ouchterlony immunodiffusion and counterimmunoelectrophoresis. Thus, patients with acute leukemia showed an antibody response to fungal infection; the peak values, however, were somewhat delayed.
Infection
PMID:Prospective study on humoral immune response induced by fungal infection in patients with hematologic malignancies. 310 82

The therapeutic effect of low-dose MTX-treatment (10-25 mg/week) in active rheumatoid arthritis can be demonstrated by an improvement in clinical and laboratory parameters of disease activity already after 4-6 weeks. The mode of action is not fully understood. Direct anti-inflammatory effects seem to be more important than the weak immunosuppressive properties. Methotrexate treatment is indicated in all very active cases of rheumatoid arthritis, which do not respond to, or do not tolerate, conventional slow-acting antirheumatic drugs. In severe, rapidly progressing diseases MTX can be given without waiting for the effect of other disease modifying drugs. MTX is administered once a week i.v., i.m. or in one oral dose before breakfast. Absorption is reduced by food. The initial weekly dose is 15-25 mg and can be reduced to a minimum of 10 mg (7.5 mg) according to the clinical effect. A combination with antimalarials or gold salts is possible. The prescription of MTX is contraindicated in cases of renal function disturbances, active liver disease, bone marrow disturbances, active infectious diseases, pregnancy and excessive alcohol consumption. The most common side-effects are nausea and vomiting, stomatitis, transient elevations of transaminases. Rare conditions are leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and lung infiltrations. The side-effects are dose-related and disappear with dose reduction. They can be avoided by administering leucovorin 12 hours after giving MTX. Before starting the treatment total blood count with differential count and platelet count, serum creatinine and liver enzymes should be done. These laboratory studies have to be repeated every week for the first month, every two weeks up to the third month and every 1-2 months thereafter. When contraindications are considered and regular controls are made methotrexate is better tolerated than other cytotoxic agents. The rate of withdrawals is lower than with gold-treatment. In low-dose MTX-treatment drug interactions do not play a major role with normal renal function. Concomitant application of nonsteroidal antirheumatic drugs can delay MTX elimination and increase toxicity. We therefore avoid giving these drugs on the day of MTX-administration as far as possible.
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PMID:[Treatment with low-dose methotrexate in chronic polyarthritis. Review of the literature]. 354 54

Pathologic evaluations of pigeons dying between September 1984 and August 1985 are reported for a production colony of 1200-1800 White Carneau and Show Racer pigeons ranging in age from hatchlings to 12 years. Infectious diseases were the common causes of death in pigeons younger than 1 year; salmonellosis and nephritis were the common causes in pigeons 1-3 years old; and neoplasia and reproductive organ disorders were the common causes in pigeons older than 3 years. Monthly mortality was 2-4% in pigeons fed a cholesterol-containing diet and 0.9% in those fed noncholesterol-containing pellet diets. The increased deaths in the cholesterol-fed birds were attributed primarily to end-stage renal disease and atherosclerosis with secondary complications. The most frequently observed clinical entity in pigeons younger than 6 months was pseudomembrane formation on the oral and pharyngeal mucosa, termed pseudomembranous stomatitis. The definitive etiologic factor was not determined. Although all affected pigeons had similar gross lesions, the cases fell into one of three subsets, suggestive of bacterial, fungal, or viral etiologies. Chronic nephritis occurring as end-stage renal disease was more severe in pigeons fed a cholesterol-containing diet.
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PMID:Survey of the pathologic findings in a large production colony of pigeons, with special reference to pseudomembranous stomatitis and nephritis. 381 11

Infection by C. albicans is a significant cause of denture stomatitis. Therefore, the results of this study, which demonstrated that yeast lytic enzymes and proteolytic enzymes removed C. albicans from acrylic resin surfaces, suggest that these compounds are potentially useful denture cleansers.
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PMID:Ability of enzymes to remove Candida. 388 87

Viral proteins synthesized in L cells infected with temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of vesicular stomatitis (VS) virus at permissive (31 C) and nonpermissive (39 C) temperatures were compared by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Mutant ts 5, deficient in synthesis of viral ribonucleic acid (RNA(-)), failed to synthesize any of the five identifiable viral proteins at 39 C. Each of three RNA(+) mutants, representing three separate complementation groups, showed distinctive patterns of viral protein synthesis at nonpermissive temperature. Equivalent amounts of (3)H-amino acids were incorporated into the five viral proteins made in cells infected with RNA(+) mutant ts 45 at 31 and 39 C. Complete virions of ts 45 could be identified by electron microscopy of infected cells incubated at the nonpermissive temperature; the defect in ts 45 appeared to be due in part to greater thermolability of virions as compared with the wild-type. RNA(+) mutant ts 23 was deficient in synthesis of viral envelope protein S and failed to make detectable virions at the nonpermissive temperature. Infection of cells at 39 C with the third RNA(+) mutant, ts 52, resulted in synthesis of all five viral proteins, but the peak of radioactivity representing the viral membrane glycoprotein migrated more rapidly on gels than coelectrophoresed authentic virion (14)C-glycoprotein or viral (3)H-glycoprotein extracted from cells infected at 31 C. These data and results of experiments on incorporation of radioactive glucosamine suggest that the primary defect in mutant ts 52 at nonpermissive temperature is failure of glycosylation of the viral glycoprotein. The viral structural proteins made in cells infected with ts 52 at the nonpermissive temperature did not assemble into sedimentable components as they did at permissive temperature; this observation indicates failure of insertion of the nonglycosylated protein (G') into cell membrane. In support of this hypothesis was the finding that antiviral-antiferritin hybrid antibody did not detect VS viral antigen on the plasma membrane of L cells infected at 39 C with ts 52. In contrast, VS viral antigen localized in plasma membrane of L cells infected at 39 C with mutants ts 23 and ts 45 was readily detected by electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy.
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PMID:Temperature-sensitive mutants of vesicular stomatitis virus: synthesis of virus-specific proteins. 410 53

Buckler, Charles E. (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Md.), and Samuel Baron. Antiviral action of mouse interferon in heterologous cells. J. Bacteriol. 91:231-235. 1966.-The antiviral action of mouse interferon in cell cultures of mouse, hamster, rat, chicken, and monkey origin was investigated. Using a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) plaque reduction test, we found that mouse serum interferon, assayed on closely related rat or hamster cells, exerted 5% of its homologous antiviral activity. This activity was characterized as interferon by its temperature of inactivation, trypsin sensitivity, nonsedimentability, stability at pH 2, lack of inactivation by antibody to virus, and inability to be washed off cells. In the more distantly related chicken and monkey cells, mouse interferon had less than 0.1% of its homologous activity. Conflicting reports of heterologous activity of chicken and mouse interferon preparations may result in part from the observed action of noninterferon inhibitors of vaccinia virus. These inhibitors, like interferon, are stable at pH 2. They are present in mouse serum, mouse lung extracts, and allantoic fluid, and they prevent the development of vaccinia plaques when allowed to remain in contact with cells during virus growth. Unlike interferon the inhibitors are removed by adequate washing of cells prior to virus challenge, and they are not active in the VSV assay system. These findings reemphasize the need for thorough characterization of interferon preparations.
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PMID:Antiviral action of mouse interferon in heterologous cells. 428 34

Armstrong, D. (The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa.), and K. Paucker. Effect of mycoplasma on interferon production and interferon assay in cell cultures. J. Bacteriol. 92:97-101. 1966.-The influence of mycoplasma on the production and action of interferon was studied in cultures of both L and human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells. Mycoplasma hominis 1, the Negroni agent, and the F12 mycoplasma were used for infection of L cells, and M. hominis 1 and M. pneumoniae for inoculation of HEK cells. All strains were capable of multiplication in the culture systems employed. None produced detectable levels of interferon, and responsiveness of the cells to induction of interferon by virus remained unaltered. Infection with mycoplasma did not impair the sensitivity of the cells to the action of interferon, nor was the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus noticeably diminished.
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PMID:Effect of mycoplasma on interferon production and interferon assay in cell cultures. 428 5

Infection of L cells with vesicular stomatitis virus results in the release, into the cell-free fluid, of four antigenic components separable by rate zonal centrifugation on sucrose gradients. The largest antigens are the infectious (B) particle and a shorter noninfectious, autointerfering (T) particle. The two small antigens are characterized by sedimentation coefficients of approximately 20S and 6S. Treatment of purified B or T particles with sodium deoxycholate results in the release from the particle of a nucleoprotein core which can be purified on sucrose gradient and which has a sedimentation coefficient characteristic of the virus from which it arose. Utilizing purified antigens labeled with (14)C-amino acids during growth, we examined the protein constituents of each antigen by acrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The proteins of B and T particles are identical, each containing one minor (virus protein 1) and three major (virus proteins 2, 3, and 4) proteins, numbered in order of increasing mobility. Virus protein 3 originates from the nucleoprotein core, whereas proteins 2 and 4 come from the coat. The origin of virus protein 1 is not known. The 20S antigen contains a single protein equivalent to virus protein 3, whereas the 6S antigen shows a single protein which is similar to, but probably distinct from, virus protein 2.
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PMID:Proteins of vesicular stomatitis virus. I. Polyacrylamide gel analysis of viral antigens. 430 95

Plaque-forming B particles of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) induce the synthesis of virus-specific ribonucleic acid (RNA) in Chinese hamster ovary cells, whereas defective T particles do not. Infection with low input multiplicities of B results in the formation of four species of RNA. During infection with high multiplicities, RNA synthesis begins with mainly these four species of RNA but gradually shifts to a new pattern of RNA synthesis involving five other species of RNA. The change can also be induced by superinfection with T at 2.5 hr after infection with a low multiplicity of B. T added at the same time as B prevents virtually all RNA synthesis. Synthesis of the first group of RNA species correlates with the formation of B particles, whereas synthesis of the second group correlates with the formation of T particles. The various species of RNA formed after infection with VSV particles include single-stranded RNA, a completely double-stranded RNA, and RNA with partially double-stranded regions. These observations begin to establish a molecular basis for understanding the ability of T particles to interfere with the growth of B particles.
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PMID:Ribonucleic acid synthesis of vesicular stomatitis virus. I. Species of ribonucleic acid found in Chinese hamster ovary cells infected with plaque-forming and defective particles. 430 15

Infection of chicken embryo cells with vesicular stomatitis (VS) virus resulted in variable production of three classes of intracellular viral ribonucleocapsids with sedimentation coefficients of approximately 140S, 110S, and 80S, as well as three corresponding classes of released virions designated B, LT, and T. Intracellular nucleocapsids of each class contained three proteins of which the major N protein was firmly bound, and the minor L and NS1 proteins were readily dissociated with 0.5 m NaCl. The ribonucleic acid (RNA) species extracted from B, LT, and T virions, and from corresponding intracellular nucleocapsids, contained RNA species with approximate molecular weights of 3.2 x 10(6), 2.0 x 10(6), and 10(6), respectively, as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These values are roughly equivalent to sedimentation coefficients of 42S, 28S, and 23S for each of the virion and nucleocapsid RNA species. Cells infected at high multiplicity with undiluted passage VS virus gave rise primarily to virions and nucleocapsids containing 23S RNA, whereas cells productively infected with purified B virions produced predominantly B and LT virions and nucleocapsids. At late stages in the productive cycle of infection, more virions containing 42S RNA were produced, but the intracellular pool of nucleocapsids containing 28S and 23S RNA remained relatively constant. Additional studies by more refined techniques are required to test the hypothesis that nucleocapsids containing 28S and 23S RNA are precursors of the 42S RNA in infectious VS-B virions and that production of defective T and LT virions results from failure of ligation of the RNA precursors.
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PMID:Ribonucleic acid species of intracellular nucleocapsids and released virions of vesicular stomatitis virus. 434 58


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