Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) function was investigated in two patients with glycogen storage disease type IB and neutropenia. Glycogen storage disease type IB was documented by liver biopsy and a normal amount of latent glucose-6-phosphatase activity. Patient A had stomatitis, skin infections, and septicemia; patient B had respiratory infections, periodontitis, and oral candidiasis. Absolute neutrophil counts ranged from 114 to 2580/mm3. Diminished and delayed migration of PMN into a skin "window" occurred in B. Random and directed PMN migration under agarose toward f-Met-Leu-Phe, pepstatin A, and zymosan-activated serum were severely diminished in both patients. At 10(-7) M f-Met-Leu-Phe, mean random and directed migration were 52 and 23% (A, n = 3) and 48 and 13% (B, n = 4) of controls. These results were independent of incubation time and chemoattractant concentration. Patients' PMN had diminished quantitative nitroblue tetrazolium reduction compared to controls. B had a significant defect in PMN bactericidal activity with Escherichia coli with less than 0.2 log killing at 2 h. These results further characterize the defect in PMN migration reported by Beaudet et al. (J Pediatr 97:906, 1980). The finding of other abnormalities of PMN function suggests a metabolic defect in the neutrophil which may be related to the microsomal membrane defect in hepatocytes in glycogen storage disease type IB.
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PMID:Impaired chemotaxis and neutrophil (polymorphonuclear leukocyte) function in glycogenosis type IB. 345 31

Up to 60% of the population carry Candida albicans as part of the oral flora without having evidence of candidiasis. The pleomorphic clinical manifestations of oral candidiasis viz. thrush, denture stomatitis, angular cheilitis, median rhomboid glossitis, speckled leukoplakia, and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and its variants are briefly discussed. Current diagnostic techniques of oral candidiasis (OC) are reviewed. A simple and quick method of helping the clinician in the diagnosis of OC by taking a direct smear of the lesion is emphasized. OC is a 'disease of the diseased'. As a routine a full blood picture, serum iron and serum folate levels should be looked at. Several predisposing causes of OC need to be investigated. An up-date on the treatment of OC with nystatin, amphotericin B lozenges, clotrimazole and miconazole is made.
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PMID:Oral candidiasis--its pleomorphic clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment. 391 9

A homosexual man with AIDS developed multifocal KS with involvement of the palate, larynx, trachea, and esophagus. Symptoms included dysphagia and gagging with resultant inanition. Short-course local radiation therapy effectively resolved the mucosal KS lesions in the treated areas. Other otolaryngologic manifestations included herpes stomatitis and oral candidiasis.
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PMID:Pharyngeal obstruction by Kaposi's sarcoma in a homosexual male with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. 644 93

A 14-day old infant with stomatitis due to Candida albicans presented with frequent emesis and was found to have esophagitis by barium esophagram. She responded promptly to oral Mycostatin suspension: her emesis subsided and the stomatitis resolved. Repeat esophagram on the seventh day of therapy showed complete resolution of the esophageal mucosal abnormalities. Although Candida stomatitis is common in infants, the incidence and appropriate therapy of Candida esophagitis as a complication in otherwise normal infants are unknown. This patient responded well to frequent therapy with an oral, nonabsorbable antifungal agent.
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PMID:Esophagitis associated with Candida infection in a neonate. 669 25

Oral Candida infections may appear in many guises, especially in HIV-infected individuals. Whereas the pseudomembranous and the erythematous forms of oral candidiasis are the most frequently encountered in such patients, there appear to be further clinical variants of this disease. This paper describes seven dentate homosexual AIDS patients who developed papillary hyperplasia of the palate which was associated with Candida infection. Such lesions, classically related to denture stomatitis, have rarely been described in dentate patients, and this report further expands the spectrum of candidal infections seen in HIV disease.
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PMID:Candida-associated palatal papillary hyperplasia in HIV infection. 782

The orofacial manifestations of 10 non-HIV-infected children with primary defects of cell mediated immunity are reported. Oral candidiasis was observed in 80% of patients, with oral ulceration present in 50%. Other oral manifestations included enamel hypoplasia, angular stomatitis, oral purpura and recurrent herpetic infection.
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PMID:Orofacial manifestations in primary immunodeficiencies: T lymphocyte defects. 822 67

In order to describe the characteristic signs and course of a possibly new clinical entity, we undertook a clinical study of a series consisting of four families (5 children and 10 relatives) with a distinctive eruption of the tongue. The disease always started in a child, usually an infant (mean age 15.2 months), and then spread to one or several other members of the family. It had an abrupt onset and was characterized by difficulties in feeding, increased salivation, and irritability. Inflamed, hypertrophic fungiform papillae were seen on the tip and the dorsolateral part of the tongue, some having a pseudopustular appearance. There were no vesicles, erosions, signs of geographic tongue, or oral thrush; the central part of the tongue, the lips, gingivae, palate, and throat were normal. The acute phase lasted 6 to 7 days and was self-limited. A few days later, one or several relatives experienced an intense burning sensation on the tongue, with an increase and exacerbation caused by food intake, with the identical features of inflamed papillae. The duration of the stomatitis was usually 1 week for the infants, but longer for some adults. The similarity of these cases suggests the existence of a new clinical entity possibly of viral origin. We propose naming this eruption "eruptive familial lingual papillitis."
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PMID:Eruptive familial lingual papillitis: a new entity? 905 Jul 57

Age alone is not usually sufficient for the development of disease due to Candida, but it appears to be associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Mucocutaneous Candida infections such as thrush and denture stomatitis are associated with local and mechanical factors. A rare and sight-threatening complication of cataract surgery is Candida endophthalmitis. Systemic Candida infections are becoming more common due to increasing use of immunosuppressive drugs and the increasing risk of nosocomial candidiasis in the intensive care unit. Candiduria is increasingly common in older patients with diabetes mellitus, indwelling urinary catheters, and a history of antibiotic therapy.
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PMID:Opportunistic fungal infections: superficial and systemic candidiasis. 933 5

Denture stomatitis is the most common form of oral Candida infection in humans. In the current study, the distribution of Candida albicans serotype A and B as well as the activity of the secreted acid proteinase were determined in clinical isolates from patients with denture stomatitis. It was found that 70% of individuals with clinical signs of denture stomatitis exhibited fungal growth, with C. albicans representing the most frequently isolated species (75%). Of the C. albicans isolates, 75% were serotype A and 25% were serotype B, representing a significant increase of serotype B compared to a control group of non-denture-wearing HIV-seronegative individuals with oral candidiasis, but no significant difference compared with isolates from HIV-seropositive patients, who also exhibited a high percentage of serotype B. The mean secretory acid proteinase activity of C. albicans isolates from denture stomatitis patients (2796 +/- 819 U/l) was statistically not different from the mean secretory acid proteinase activity in non-denture-wearing HIV-seronegative individuals (2324 +/- 1487 U/l). Both values were significantly lower than the mean secretory acid proteinase activity of C. albicans from HIV-seropositive individuals (4256 +/- 2372 U/l). No correlation exists between the C. albicans serotype and the amount of secreted acid proteinase, indicating that serotype and secretory acid proteinase expression are two independent pathogenetic factors in oral candidiasis. These results indicate that there seems to be strain selection for C. albicans serotype B in denture stomatitis. These results further indicate that increased secretion of the acid proteinase seems to be of pathogenetic significance in the candidiasis of HIV-seropositive patients but not in denture stomatitis. Nevertheless, the secretory acid proteinase is likely to be an important pathogenetic factor also in denture stomatitis, where an increased secretion of the acid proteinase may not be required because of decreased salivary flow and a low pH under the denture, which will result in a high enzymatic activity.
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PMID:Serotype distribution and secretory acid proteinase activity of Candida albicans isolated from the oral mucosa of patients with denture stomatitis. 1049 13

We examined 91 children under the age of 13 years with definite HIV infection born to HIV-seropositive women. The clinical spectrum of HIV infection in children younger than 13 years who are born to HIV-infected mothers was revised in 1994 into four clinical categories: category N (not symptomatic), category A (mildly symptomatic), category B (moderately symptomatic), and category C (severely symptomatic). Mucocutaneous manifestations were found in 47 (51.6%) of these children. The prevalence of mucocutaneous manifestations in categories A, B, and C were 4%, 62%, and 75%, respectively. The mucocutaneous manifestations in patients in categories B and C were significantly more common than in those category A (p < 0.001). The most common finding was oral candidiasis (36.3%). Drug rash, pruritic papular eruption, herpes zoster, cutaneous candidiasis, Penicillium marneffei infection, and herpes simplex virus stomatitis were found in 6.6%, 5.5%, 4. 4%, 3.4%, and 2. 2% of patients, respectively. All three patients who had disseminated P. marneffei infection were in category C.
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PMID:Mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV infection in 91 children born to HIV-seropositive women. 1057 33


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