Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oral candidosis is a very frequent diseased state occurring mainly together with severe underlying disease. Clinical manifestation is variable. One can distinguish between oral thrush, denture stomatitis, angular cheilitis, leukoplakia and midline glossitis. Nowadays oral candidosis is also important in connection with HIV-infection. Here the clinical spectrum does not seem to be totally different. Apart from oral thrush (or pseudomembraneous type) a chronic atrophic type, a chronic hyperplastic type, papillary hyperplasia and angular cheilitis are distinguished. Oral candidosis is the most frequent opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients. Frequency of overt disease is linked to the T4/T8 ratio. In patients with AIDS-related complex oral candidosis seems to be indicative of rapid progression. Candida albicans is the prevailing microorganism. There is, however, a change of biotypes during the course of HIV-infection. There seems to be a selection of certain phenotypes as can be judged from the increasing resistance to 5-fluorocytosine.
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PMID:Clinical spectrum of oral candidosis and its role in HIV-infected patients. 270 Feb 17

Cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) develop an AIDS-like syndrome whereas experimentally infected cats do not. To investigate the role of cofactors in the development of this disease in cats, 7 specific pathogen-free (SPF) and 12 random-source (RS) cats were infected with FIV. Over 4 years, infected cats developed similar phenotypic and functional immune abnormalities characterized by early and chronic inversion of CD4+:CD8+ cell ratios and significantly decreased mitogen responses compared with controls. Beginning 18-24 months after infection, 10 RS cats developed chronic clinical disease typical of feline AIDS, including stomatitis and recurrent upper respiratory disease; 4 SPF cats also developed chronic clinical disease, 2 with neurologic disease and 2 with B cell lymphomas. Thus, immunologic background is important in the type of disease that develops in cats infected with FIV, and FIV represents a promising animal model for studying the immunopathogenesis of AIDS in humans.
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PMID:Development of clinical disease in cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. 807 11

The presence and concentration of haemoglobin in saliva of anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive subjects, anti-HIV-negative subjects at high risk of infection, and healthy controls were studied. One hundred eighty-eight subjects were anti-HIV-positive intravenous drug abusers (IVDA), 22 were anti-HIV-positive homosexual men, 23 were anti-HIV-positive heterosexual contacts, 132 were anti-HIV-negative IVDA, 35 were anti-HIV-negative homosexual men, and 154 were healthy controls. Two milliliters of saliva was collected in the morning before brushing teeth, and the presence and the concentration of haemoglobin were determined. Based on hemoglobin, the data show that the anti-HIV-positive IVDA have the highest tendency to bleeding. The difference between this group with respect to anti-HIV-negative IVDA (P < 0.05) and compared with healthy controls (P < 0.01) is statistically significant. This is also true of anti-HIV-positive heterosexual contacts with respect to healthy controls (P < 0.01). Our data show that all at-risk groups, both anti-HIV positive and anti-HIV negative, have higher haemoglobin concentration than the control group; this difference reaches statistical significance only between anti-HIV-positive IVDA and controls (P < 0.01). The concentration of haemoglobin is significantly higher in subjects with CD4+ lymphocytes < 200/mm3 compared to subjects with CD4+ lymphocytes > 200/mm3 (P < 0.01), in subjects with AIDS-related complex (ARC)/AIDS compared to asymptomatic/PGL subjects (P < 0.01), and in subjects with stomatitis compared to subjects without stomatitis (P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Blood in saliva of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: possible implication in sexual transmission of the disease. 830 18

This article provides clinical profiles for HIV seropositive patients discovered at an STD clinic in Tirupati, India. Considering that sexual contact is the most common mode of transmission of HIV, researchers from the SV Medical College at Tirupati conducted a surveillance for HIV infection among patients attending an STD clinic. From January 1988 to April 1989, the researchers collected serum samples from 2320 patients. 11 people were found to be infected with HIV, 1 of whom exhibited the AIDS Related Complex (ARC). 9 out the HIV-infected patients were 20-30 year-old males categorized as heterosexually promiscuous; the remaining 2 seropositive patients were female prostitutes. The seropositivity rate among heterosexually promiscuous males was 0.58%, and 6.7% among female prostitutes (the total seropositivity rate was 0.47%). Among the HIV-infected patients, the most commonly associated STD was syphilis. 5 of the patients had syphilis alone, and 2 others had syphilis and another STD. One of the HIV-infected patients, a 50 year-old heterosexual male with a history of multiple partners, suffered from a nonhealing genital ulcer and inguinal buboes of 1 month duration. A biopsy of the genital ulcer revealed a pattern consistent with that of granuloma venereum. He also developed angular stomatitis which did not respond to B complex therapy. Furthermore, suffering from persistent lymphadenopathy, weight loss, slight thrombo-cytopenia, an opportunistic infection in the form of oral candidosis and persistent seropositivity for HIV antibodies, the patient was deemed to have the AIDS Related Complex. Tirupati's seropositivity rate of .47% was higher that noticed in other parts of the country, leading the authors call for a plan to investigate the problems of HIV-infected people.
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PMID:Clinical profile of STD clinic patients seropositive for HIV antibodies. 1228 35

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection is characterized by chronic overactivation of immune and inflammatory system, resulting in anergic state and dysfunction of immune cells. Lactoferrin (LF), a glycoprotein present in exocrine secretions and neutrophils, plays an important role in host defense system. Our previous study showed that oral administration of bovine LF (bLF) suppressed oral inflammation, improved the clinical symptoms and decreased serum gamma-globulin as a marker of inflammation in FIV-infected cats with intractable stomatitis. The anti-inflammatory effect was partly involved in regulation of neutrophil function by bLF. In this study, to clarify the relationship between anti-inflammatory effects of bLF and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), we examined the effect of bLF on proliferation, cell cycle progression and cytokine expression in mitogen-activated PBMC. MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay showed that bLF inhibited the concanavalin A (ConA)-induced cell proliferation in FIV-infected cats with the asymptomatic carrier and AIDS-related complex (ARC) phase. Bovine LF restored ConA-induced cell cycle progression and resulted in suppression of the induced apoptosis in feline PBMC. Real-time RT-PCR showed that bLF suppressed ConA-induced expression of interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 in cells of the ARC group regardless of the time of its addition to the medium. These results suggest the hypothesis that therapy with bLF may have the potential to improve and protect functions of overactivated lymphocytes by modulating the cell proliferation, cell cycle and cytokines expression in cats in terminal stage of FIV infection.
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PMID:Effect of bovine lactoferrin on functions of activated feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells during chronic feline immunodeficiency virus infection. 1852 62