Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Biopsy specimens of the duodenal mucosa were assayed to determine their secretin-like activity in 9 controls, 9 patients with gastric ulcer, 19 patients with duodenal ulcer, 4 patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer, and 13 patients with chronic pancreatitis. The bioassay of secretin was done on the pancreatic secretion in anesthetized rats. The sensitivity was in the orcer of 0.0625 CHR unit/rat (4 ng/rat). In the range between 0.0625 and 0.5 CHR units a satisfactory dose dependency was recognized. The following results were obtained. 1) The level of duodenal mucosal secretin-like activity in patients with gastric ulcer was the same as that in the controls, but was elevated in 32% of the patients with duodenal ulcer, 50% of those with gastric and duodenal ulcer, and 8% of those with chronic pancreatitis. 2) The high level of secretin-like activity noted in patients with duodenal ulcer was suspected to be related to the hypersecretion of gastric acid which is characteristic of this disease, but there was no correlation between gastric acid secretion and secretin-like activity in the duodenal mucosa.
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PMID:Secretin-like bioactivity in the duodenal mucosa in patients with peptic ulcer and chronic pancreatitis. 70 76

We have recently reported that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) acts in the brain to inhibit the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin, two major aggressive factors in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer formation. In the present study, we determined whether or not bFGF has an anti-ulcer action via the central nervous system, using male Wistar rats. The intracisternal injection of bFGF dose-dependently (0.1-1.0 microgram(s)/rat) inhibited the severity of gastric ulcers induced by water-immersion restraint stress or central thyrotropin-releasing hormone. The same doses of peripherally injected bFGF failed to protect the gastric mucosa from these ulcerogenic procedures. These results suggest for the first time that bFGF has a mucosal protective effect through a mechanism involving the central nervous system. It is speculated that this anti-ulcer action of bFGF is, at least in part, dependent upon its gastric antisecretory effect.
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PMID:Central basic fibroblast growth factor inhibits gastric ulcer formation in rats. 190 25

This study evaluated the hypothesis that the dorsal motor nucleus (DMN) of the brainstem may mediate the ulcerogenic and acid-stimulatory effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in rats. To accomplish this, intra-DMN microinjections of TRH (50 and 500 ng) were performed and their effects on acid secretion and gastric ulcer formation evaluated in the pylorus-ligation model. The high (500 ng), but not the low dose of TRH (50 ng) produced gastric glandular lesions in 64% of the rats with a mean severity index (no. of ulcers/rat) of 6.4 +/- 0.98 and significantly increased gastric acid output. The ulcerogenic and gastric secretory response to intra-DMN TRH was site-specific. We conclude that presynaptic TRH fibers may modulate vagal activity at the level of the DMN and propose that descending TRH pathways may play a role in experimental ulcerogenesis through acid hypersecretion.
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PMID:Thyrotropin-releasing hormone: medullary site of action to induce gastric ulcers and stimulate acid secretion. 313 60

The present study was carried out to investigate the central effects of pancreatic polypeptide on gastric secretion and gastric ulcer formation in conscious rats. Intracisternal injection of rat pancreatic polypeptide (62.5, 250, and 1000 ng/rat) into pylorus-ligated rats resulted in a dose-dependent stimulation of gastric acid and pepsin secretion. In contrast, intraperitoneal injection of even higher doses of pancreatic polypeptide (250, 1000, and 2500 ng/rat) failed to increase gastric secretion. This stimulatory effect of centrally administered pancreatic polypeptide was completely blocked by vagotomy and by pretreatment with atropine. Intracisternal injection of PP (500-2000 ng/rat) dose-dependently increased the severity of gastric lesions induced by 2-deoxy-D-glucose or indomethacin. In contrast, intraperitoneal injection of PP failed to increase the severity of the gastric lesions induced by 2-deoxy-D-glucose or indomethacin. These results indicate that pancreatic polypeptide is capable of acting centrally in the brain to stimulate gastric acid and pepsin secretion through a vagal, muscarinic pathway and in so doing exerts an ulcerogenic action on the gastric mucosa.
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PMID:Stimulation of gastric secretion and enhanced gastric mucosal damage following central administration of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) in rats. 795 9

The present work aimed at testing, in a rat model of ethanol-induced gastric ulceration, a local folk medicinal claim that dates are beneficial in gastric ulcers in humans. Aqueous and ethanolic undialyzed and dialyzed extracts from date fruit and pits were given orally to rats at a dose of 4 ml/kg for 14 consecutive days. On the last day of treatment, rats were fasted for 24 h, and were then given ethanol, 80% (1 ml/rat) by gastric intubation to induce gastric ulcer. Rats were killed after 1 h of ethanol exposure, and the incidence and severity of the ulceration were estimated, as well as the concentrations of gastrin in plasma, and histamine and mucus in the gastric mucosa. A single group of rats that were fasted for 24 h, was administered orally with lansoprazole (30 mg/kg), and was given 80% ethanol as above, 8 h thereafter, served as a positive control. The results indicated that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the date fruit and, to a lesser extent, date pits, were effective in ameliorating the severity of gastric ulceration and mitigating the ethanol-induced increase in histamine and gastrin concentrations, and the decrease in mucin gastric levels. The ethanolic undialyzed extract was more effective than the rest of the other extracts used. It is postulated that the basis of the gastroprotective action of date extracts may be multi-factorial, and may include an anti-oxidant action.
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PMID:The ameliorative effect of dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. 1581 65

The effect of the administration of a whey protein isolate (WPI) and collagen hydrolysates on ethanol-induced ulcerative lesions was studied in rats. WPI and bovine or porcine collagen hydrolysate (BCH and PCH, respectively) were given to rats by gavage. In acute experiments, (single-dose) physiological saline (10 mL/kg of body weight) was used as the negative control, and carbenoxolone (200 mg/kg of body weight) was used as a positive control. Ethanol (1 mL per 250-g rat) was also given by gavage. These treatments reduced the ulcerative lesion index (ULI) in a range of 40-77%, depending on the dosage. Some mixtures of WPI with either PCH or BCH provided results that suggested synergisms between WPI and the collagen hydrolysates. For example, WPI/BCH (in the proportion of 375:375 mg/kg of body weight) decreased ULI by 64%. The mechanism for mucosal protection involved a decrease in plasma gastrin (approximately 40%), a significant increase (50-267%) in mucus production, and a reduction in ULI (percentage) when intragastric administrations were performed after in vivo alkylation by N-ethylmaleimide. Results suggest that gastrin, sulfhydryl substances, and some mechanisms related to mucus production are all involved in gastric ulcer protection against ethanol. The collagen hydrolysates (both PCH and BCH) presented a stronger effect on mucus production; on the other hand, the effect of WPI was also dependent on sulfhydryl compounds, resulting in a more protective effect when the two proteins were administered together.
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PMID:Anti-ulcerogenic effect of a whey protein isolate and collagen hydrolysates against ethanol ulcerative lesions on oral administration to rats. 2013 40