Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of carbenoxolone on incorporation of the labelled sugar, (3H) glucosamine, into rat gastric mucosa was examined. Rats were treated with either 25 mg/kg, or 50 mg/kg or 75 mg/kg carbenoxolone for 10 days. The rats were then killed and the uptake of (3H) glucosamine by gastric mucosal scrapings measured. There was no statistically significant difference in uptake between treated and untreated scrapings. The results do not confirm earlier findings of other investigators which suggested that carbenoxolone promoted gastric ulcer healing by stimulating specific glycosyl transferases to produce a modified mucus.
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PMID:Carbenoxolone and incorporation of (3H) glucosamine into gastric mucosa. 71 Jan 77

Changes in the incorporation of 3H-glucosamine into the macromolecular glycoprotein during the healing process of acetic acid induced gastric ulcer in rats were sequentially examined in the ulcer region and the intact region at 2, 10, 40, 80 and 365 days after the operation. 1) The total radioactivity (Tissue + Medium) and the radioactivity which remained in the tissue after incubation of the ulcer region were increased significantly as compared with those of the control at 2 days after the operation (275, 175% of the control, respectively), and then total radioactivity returned to the control level. On the other hand, the radioactivity in the tissue was gradually decreased, and then it became 50% of the control at 365 days. In contrast, the incorporating activity into the macromolecular glycoproteins was decreased to 50% of the control at 2 days, and was once recovered to the control level at 10 days. After 40 days, it was again decreased to 50% of the control and became 30% at 365 days. 2) Changes in the incorporation of 3H-glucosamine into the macromolecular glycoproteins of the intact region of rats with ulcers were the same as that of the ulcer region. 3) Elution profiles of gel filtration of the macromolecular glycoproteins isolated from the relapse and recurrence region of rats with ulcers at 365 days were the same as that of the healing region, and their radioactivities were decreased to 30% of the control. The results suggested that such a decrease in the biosynthetic activity of the macromolecular glycoproteins extending over the whole gastric tissue is one of the reasons for the increased relapse and recurrence.
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PMID:[Changes in the biosynthetic activity of gastric glycoproteins during the healing process of acetic acid ulcer in rats]. 402 4

The isolation and composition of glycoproteins from mucosae of normal stomachs, of stomachs with gastric ulcer, and of stomachs with carcinoma is described. The glycoproteins from the mucosae of normal stomachs and with gastric ulcer showed virtually the same carbohydrate and amino acid content as the principal gastric glycoprotein isolated from gastric aspirates. They all revealed a common basic carbohydrate composition: galactose, fucose, glucosamine, and galactosamine were present in approximate molar ratios of 4:3:3:1. THE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT THE GLYCOPROTEINS ISOLATED FROM GASTRIC ASPIRATES FROM NORMAL AND NEOPLASTIC GASTRIC MUCOSAE SHARE A NUMBER OF STRUCTURAL FEATURES: (1) a protein core with a characteristic amino acid composition; (2) the range of sugars forming the carbohydrate side chains; (3) galactosamine approximately equimolar with the sum of threonine and serine; (4) galactose approximately equimolar with the sum of glucosamine and galactosamine; (5) absence of mannose; (6) a high carbohydrate content (80-85%); and (7) blood group activity. The neoplastic glycoproteins differed from the normal glycoproteins in that the quantitative relationships of the carbohydrate components of the neoplastic glycoproteins showed variations dividing the extracts investigated into groups, each group with a distinctive and constant carbohydrate composition. The blood group specificity of 15 out of 24 cases investigated differed from that of the hosts' red cells.
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PMID:A comparative study of the major glycoprotein isolated from normal and neoplastic gastric mucosa. 470 16

We have studied gastric mucus secretion after carbenoxolone, zolimidine and prostanoic acid short term treatment (28 days) in patients with endoscopically demonstrated peptic gastric ulcer of the lesser curvature. Six patients were treated with carbenoxolone (300 mg/day), 6 with zolimidine (1200 mg/day) and 6 with prostanoic acid (2 g/day). All of them were submitted to gastric juice collection, before and after treatment, during 1 h at fast. On the samples of gastric juice, taken at 15 min intervals, the protein component (PC), glucosamine (GL), fucose (FU), the free N-acetyl-neuraminic acid (NANA) and sulphate groups (SG), were determined by biochemical methods. We have observed a significant increase of PC after zolimidine (P less than 0.02) and prostanoic acid (P less than 0.05) treatment, without significant variations of the other mucus components. No significant variations of mucus secretion after carbenoxolone treatment. If we compare the three drugs, we can see a significant increase of PC after zolimidine (P less than 0.005) and after prostanoic acid (P less than 0.001), compared with the results obtained after carbenoxolone. There are no significant variations of basal and stimulated (pentagastrin 6 mcg/Kg i.v.) secretory volume and acid output before and after treatment in the three groups of patients.
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PMID:Influence of 'cytoprotective' drugs (carbenoxolone, zolimidine, prostanoic acid) on mucus secretion in patients with gastric ulcer. 623 49

The glycoprotein of human gastric mucus has been isolated and purified from mucous gel scraped from the surface of resected mucosa. All samples of mucus when analyzed by gel filtration were found to contain native, gel-forming, polymeric glycoprotein, together with varying amounts of the lower-molecular-weight glycoprotein. The galactosamine and glucosamine content of the lower-molecular-weight glycoprotein was the same as that for the native polymeric glycoprotein. The absence of serum glycoproteins and proteoglycans in the glycoprotein preparations was demonstrated. Gastric mucus from normal mucosa obtained by resection of the antrum during pancreatoduodenectomy, from duodenal ulcer patients, and from gastric ulcer patients contained 33.4% +/- 5.1%, 50.2 +/- 3.3%, and 65.1 +/- 2.8%, respectively, of the lower-molecular-weight glycoprotein. These results show the total mucous gel of the gastric ulcer group [and to a lesser extent, of the duodenal ulcer group] contains more lower-molecular-weight mucous glycoprotein, which from previous studies in vitro would suggest a weaker mucous gel structure.
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PMID:Changes in the structure of the mucous gel on the mucosal surface of the stomach in association with peptic ulcer disease. 706 Sep 5

Bovine alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-LA), a major milk protein, exerts strong gastroprotective activity against rat experimental gastric ulcers induced by ethanol or stress. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying this activity, the influence of alpha-LA on gastric mucus metabolism was investigated in vitro and in vivo. For the in vitro study, RGM1 cells (a rat gastric epithelial cell line) were selected for observation of the direct activity of alpha-LA on gastric mucosal cells and cultured in the presence of either alpha-LA or ovalbumin (OVA), a reference protein showing no gastroprotective activity. Amounts of synthesized and secreted mucin, a major component of mucus, were determined using [3H]glucosamine as a tracer, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in the culture medium were determined by RIA. For the in vivo study, the thickness of the mucus gel layer, a protective barrier for gastric mucosa, was evaluated histochemically in rat gastric mucosa. alpha-Lactalbumin (3 mg/mL) significantly stimulated mucin synthesis and secretion in RGM1 cells and also increased PGE2 levels in the culture medium. In contrast, OVA showed no enhancing effects under identical conditions. Neither indomethacin, a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, nor AH23848, a prostaglandin EP4 receptor antagonist, affected alpha-LA-induced enhancement of mucin synthesis and secretion. In vivo, oral administration of alpha-LA (300 mg/kg x 3 times/d x 7 d) increased the thickness of the mucus gel layer in rats. These results indicate that alpha-LA fortifies the mucus gel layer by stimulating mucin production and secretion in gastric mucus-producing cells, and that this enhancing effect is independent of endogenous PGE2. Comparison of the efficacy of alpha-LA with OVA suggests that the activities observed in RGM1 cells are closely related to the gastroprotective effects in rat gastric ulcer models. In conclusion, alpha-LA stimulates mucus metabolism, and this action may be responsible for its gastroprotective activity.
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PMID:Bovine alpha-lactalbumin stimulates mucus metabolism in gastric mucosa. 1723 30