Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the background gastric mucosa in eight patients with intractable peptic ulcer in whom gastric cancer developed during more than 4 years' administration of histamine (H)2-receptor antagonists (H2-RAs), and in two patients with intractable gastric ulcer without gastric cancer in whom H2-RAs were administered for 4 years. As controls, we studied background mucosa in seven patients with combined gastroduoderal ulcers not treated with H2-RAs. The cancers were differentiated adenocarcinomas in all eight patients. The characteristic features of these patients and of the two patients with intractable gastric ulcer were: expansion of the generative cell zone, poor differentiation of the goblet cells, mild cellular atypia, and abnormal branching and anastomosis of glands, as well as wide areas of incomplete-type intestinal metaplasia. The sites of the differentiated adenocarcinomas were classified by mucin histochemistry as intestinal-type mucosa in all patients. A special type of incomplete intestinal metaplasia, of the intestinal type and which retained gastric-type properties, was present in some areas, and p53-positive cells were observed in some areas. In patients with intractable gastric ulcer in whom the background gastric mucosa had been exposed to more than 4 years of H2-RA treatment, it was considered possible that the preconditions for cancerous lesions were present.
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PMID:Clinicopathological study of background gastric mucosa during long-term conservative maintenance therapy for intractable peptic ulcer. 1020 6

The development of carcinoma in cases of gastric ulcer disease during long-term H(2)-blocker treatment is slowly increasing, and ulcers that require such treatment exhibit the characteristics of intractable conditions, including linear ulcers, simultaneous gastric and duodenal ulcers, immature intestinal metaplasia of the gastric epithelium, and atrophic gastritis accompanied with multiple ulcer cicatrices. The incomplete form of intestinal metaplasia resembling Filipe's type III lesions and showing structural atypia developed in the background gastric mucosa in such cases, and the characteristics of this metaplasia included structural atypia, a residuum of gastric-type mucous cells, rapid proliferative activity, and in some areas abnormal expression of P53 protein. In addition, in rat studies it was demonstrated that prolonged administration of H(2)-blockers while gastric ulcers were present accelerated cell proliferation in the background gastric mucosa in the long term. Accordingly, it was considered possible that the development of the incomplete form of intestinal metaplasia, which was strongly suggested to have some relation to the sites where intestinal-type gastric carcinoma appeared, was accelerated by mucosal injury due to chronic ulcers and by persistent elevation in intragastric pH. The results of the present study of gastric carcinoma as a complication of peptic ulcer disease indicated the possibility that Helicobacter pylori was a major contributory factor to the development of the incomplete form of intestinal metaplasia from damage to the background mucosa, but it was unclear whether H. pylori made any direct contribution to carcinogenesis.
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PMID:Effects of medical treatment on gastric mucosal abnormalities in gastroduodenal ulcer disease. 1065 67

To study the relationship between the expressions of tumor supressor protein p21 and p53 and malignant growth of gastric carcinoma, 88 paraffin embedded specimens of gastric carcinoma and gastric ulcer were examined with immunohistochemical method. We found that the expression rate of mutated protein p53 in the gastric carcinoma was about 40% and the expression rate of p21 protein in gastric mucous carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, poorly differentiated carcinoma was obviously low. The expression of PCNA in gastric adenoid cancer was very high. The results suggest that the low expression of p21 proteins and mutation of p53 proteins in gastric cancer cells play a certain role in the morbidity of gastric carcinoma, but its involvement in the malignant growth of gastric carcinoma cells is not obvious.
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PMID:[Relationship between expression of tumor suppressor protein p21 and p53 and cell proliferation in the gastric carcinoma]. 1068 55

We report a case of gastric carcinoma after gastrojejunostomy (GJ-stomy) without gastrectomy. Multiple gastric carcinomas were discovered 21 years after GJ-stomy without gastrectomy which had been performed for treatment of pyloric stenosis due to severe gastric ulcer. Multiple gastric carcinomas were found in the stomach, or the esophagocardiac junction, and in the corpus and anastomotic lesion of the GJ-stomy. Under the light microscope, intestinal metaplasia was detected in the antral mucosa and the area around the anastomosis. In immunohistochemical analysis, p53-specific antibodies gave a positive reaction in every gastric carcinoma and in the noncancerous gastric glands around the carcinoma at the anastomosis and in the corpus. Cells positive for immunostaining with Ki-67-specific antibodies were more numerous in all gastric carcinomas and in the area around the anastomotic lesion than in the normal gastric mucosa. Hsp70-specific antibodies reacted with cells in the noncancerous glands around the carcinoma in the anastomotic area. Mucosal injury and the potential for carcinogenesis due to exposure to gastroduodenal reflux are discussed. The results of this study suggest that similar cases with gastroduodenal reflux should be followed carefully.
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PMID:Multiple gastric carcinomas 21 years after gastrojejunostomy without gastrectomy. Report of a case. 1112 65

Epithelial dysplasia is considered the only one true histological marker of gastric cancer. In the present study we have evaluated the real clinical importance of epithelial dysplasia divided into low-grade (70 patients, mean age 59.2 years) and high-grade (50 patients, mean age 58 years) dysplasia. Furthermore, it has been made a comparison with the corresponding endoscopic picture and an evaluation of the real meaning of p53 positivity. The clinical outcome subdivision of epithelial dysplasia was effected according to the criteria of Rugge: association with or progression to gastric cancer, persistence or regression. The endoscopic patterns have been divided into ulcerous lesions and non-ulcerous lesions. The immunohistochemical study has been carried out with the utilization of a p53 antibody (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark). From the analysis of the data it comes out that low-grade dysplasia is associated with or progressed to gastric cancer in a low percentage of cases (about 8.5%), while high-grade dysplasia is associated with or progressed to gastric cancer in a high percentage of cases (about 74%), by this proving itself to be a real histological marker of gastric cancer. The cases of epithelial dysplasia associated with or progressed to gastric cancer are significantly associated with an endoscopic picture of gastric ulcer (ulcer-cancer). Nonetheless, the cases of epithelial dysplasia in correspondence of non-ulcerous lesions have been noticed to be associated with or progressed to advanced gastric cancer. The evaluation of p53 did not positively correlate with the clinical progression of the epithelial dysplasia and with TNM classification in case of gastric cancer. Therefore, the evaluation of p53 does not represent a useful marker in the clinical practice.
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PMID:[High and low grade gastric epithelial dysplasia: clinical management, endoscopic assessment of p53]. 1497 11

Gastric ulcer is positively, and duodenal ulcer negatively, associated with the risk of gastric cancer. The relationship between a common p53 polymorphism at codon 72 and gastric cancer risk in patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer was examined in 397 Caucasian patients using PCR-RFLP. Noncardiac cancer patients had a distribution pattern of codon 72 genotypes similar to that of other non-cancer patient groups, though the frequency of the Pro/Pro genotype looks higher in duodenal ulcer. However, patients with cancer of the cardiac region had a significantly higher frequency of the Arg/Arg genotype than patients with chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer, and noncardiac cancer. There was no significant difference in the distribution patterns between gastric ulcer and noncardiac or cardiac cancer or between gastric and duodenal ulcer. These findings may be a reflection of differences in the interaction between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and local factors in the stomach.
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PMID:A comparison study of gastric cancer risk in patients with duodenal and gastric ulcer: roles of gastric mucosal histology and p53 codon 72 polymorphism. 1510 66

Apoptosis has an essential function in maintaining the integrity of the gastrointestinal mucosa. Its deregulation is associated with the occurrence of lesions such as in atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcers, intestinal metaplasia, and stomach tumorigenesis. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of apoptotic cells (apoptotic index, AI) by using two different immunohistochemical techniques, TUNEL and anti-activated caspase-3 antibody (CPP32), in gastric dyspepsia [chronic gastritis (CG, N = 34), chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG, N = 11), gastric ulcer (GU, N = 17), and intestinal metaplasia (IM, N = 15)], normal gastric mucosae (NM, N = 8), and gastric adenocarcinoma (GC, N = 12). The relationship was investigated between the AI and Helicobacter pylori infection, diagnosed by PCR, overexpression of p53 protein determined by immunohistochemistry, and aneuploidy by fluorescence in situ hybridization, as performed by our laboratory in previous studies. No significant differences were observed in AI between the different groups, whether by the TUNEL technique (F = 1.60; p = 0.1670) or by CPP32 antibody (F = 1.70; p = 0.1420). Nonetheless, CAG and CG groups had AI statistically higher than those of normal mucosae. These two groups (CAG and CG) also showed a higher frequency of apoptosis-positive cases (TUNEL+ or CPP32+). Generally, there was no correlation between the AI detected by the TUNEL and CPP32 techniques in the groups studied, except in the GC group (r = 0.70). Moreover, there was no significant association between apoptosis and H. pylori infection, overexpression of p53 protein and aneuploidy, but the H. pylori-positive cases only of GU (p = 0.0233) and IM (p = 0.0253) groups displayed a statistically higher AI compared to H. pylori-negative NM, when the CPP32 antibody technique was used. Thus, CG and CAG have increased apoptosis, which may occur independent of an association with H. pylori infection, aneuploidy and overexpression of p53 protein.
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PMID:Apoptosis in different gastric lesions and gastric cancer: relationship with Helicobacter pylori, overexpression of p53 and aneuploidy. 1798 8

Obovatol is known to have various biological activities such as muscle relaxation, anti-gastric ulcer, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-bacterial activities. We examined the effects of JY0691, a newly synthesized obovatol derivative, on the viability and proliferation in rat aortic smooth muscle cells. We also determined the mechanism by which the compound induces cell cycle arrest of the cells. Treatment with JY0691 (0-3 microM) inhibited proliferation of the cells in a dose-dependent manner without any cytotoxic effect. JY0691 treatment did not decrease the levels of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor and several protein kinases which had stimulated by exposing the cells to 25 ng/ml PDGF-BB. In contrast, the compound arrested the cell cycle progression in the G(0)/G(1) phase, which was related to the down-regulation of cell cycle regulatory factors such as cyclin D(1)/E, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2/4, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Further, JY0691 induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase through up-regulation of p21(cip1), but not of p27(kip1), where p53-mediated signaling was in part involved. Our current findings suggest that JY0691 contains anti-proliferative potential on aortic smooth muscle cells.
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PMID:JY0691, a newly synthesized obovatol derivative, inhibits cell cycle progression of rat aortic smooth muscle cells through up-regulation of p21(cip1). 1981 37

Cupressus sempervirens (C. sempervirens) belongs to the family Cupressaceae. It is widspread in Northern Africa, Greece, Turkey, North America, Cyprus and Syria. Cupressuflavone is the major ingredient of the plant leave extract. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antiulcerogenic activity of the extract of C. sempervirens leaves in gastric ulcer tissues induced by indomethacin. The results of the present study revealed that indomethacin significantly decreased glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, while it increased significantly lipid peroxidation (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels in gastric tissue. Furthermore, indomethacin decreased p53 expression, while it increased bcl-2 expression in gastric tissue. Pretreatment with 5%, 10% & 20% of the LD50 of C. sempervirens and cupressuflavone of indomethacin-treated rats restored all the above parameters to approach normal values. C. sempervirens at the highest dose was more effective than the two lower doses. C. sempervirens proved more potent than cupressuflavone. In conclusion, C. sempervirens exerted antiulcerogenic activity and the effect was dose-dependent and related to the cupressuflavone ingredient of the plant leave extract.
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PMID:Protective effect of Cupressus sempervirens extract against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. 2748 57

Nowadays, gastric ulcers have become very common gastrointestinal disorders and numerous natural plant extracts exert promising anti-ulcerative effects. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the possible protective effect of dietary starch against ethanol induced gastric ulcers in mice. Post-administration of dietary starch for three consecutive days caused remarkable ameliorations in hemorrhagic lesions in gastric mucus and significant suppression in % incidence of ulceration, ulcer index and ulcer score induced by ethanol single administration. Indeed, deep ulceration, necrosis, disruption and degeneration in large areas of mucosa layer together with dense inflammatory cells infiltration and edema in sub-mucosal layer induced by ethanol administration were attenuated by starch post-administration and normalized the tissue architecture of the stomach. This potential protective effect could be attributed to the potent anti-oxidative capacity of starch that causes scavenger of the reactive oxygen species and thereby decreasing single and double DNA stranded break inductions and apoptotic DNA damage revealed by returning the p53 and caspase-3 expression levels to the normal level compared to the ethanol treated group. In conclusion, dietary starch has a potent therapeutic effect against ethanol induced gastric ulcer in mice via its free radical scavengers ability. Thus, we recommended further studies on its possible use as antiulcer drugs.
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PMID:Amelioration of ethanol induced apoptotic DNA damage and ulcerative injuries in the mice gastric tissues by starch oral administration. 2884 87


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