Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The parietal cell vagotomy with CO2-Laser defocused beam has been developed and its efficacy was confirmed in cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer in rat. Rats were classified into the truncal, parietal cell and Laser vagotomy groups and control. After cysteamine was administered, the change of the Brunner's gland were examined histologically for each group. Duodenal ulcer was seen and the depletion of the Brunner's glands was observed in all control rats. Duodenal ulcer formation was prevented in all vagotomized rats regardless of the type of vagotomy and the preservation of synthetic activity of the Brunner's gland was noted. However, multiple gastric ulcer was seen in truncal vagotomy group. Laser vagotomy was done very easily and safely. It consumed much less time and prevented duodenal ulcer formation. It prevented the cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer formation in rats by preservation of the Brunner's gland activity.
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PMID:[The effect of cysteamine on the duodenal defense mechanism in the vagotomized rats--with special reference to the parietal cell vagotomy with CO2-laser]. 667 74

The neodymium-YAG laser was used to treat bleeding experimental canine gastric ulcers in four separate studies: (a) Extensive investigation by using the 1.06 micron YAG laser wavelength was performed to determine optimal YAG laser treatment parameters to maximize hemostatic efficacy while minimizing associated tissue injury. Eight out of 43 combinations of power, pulse duration, and spot size, with and without coaxial CO2 were found to be best. The range of settings tested were 30-90 W for power; 0.2-1 sec pulse duration; and 2.0- and 3.4-mm spot sizes, with and without coaxial CO2. (b) Five of these treatment combinations were studied in more detail to assess the respective effect of spot size, pulse duration, and presence or absence of coaxial CO2 on tissue injury. In spite of optimizing treatment parameters and conditions, each combination caused significant damage to the gastric wall. No acute perforations occurred. (c) Endoscopic YAG laser treatments were applied successfully. Efficacy and total energy requirements were compared with similar treatments previously done at laparotomy. (d) In an attempt to reduce tissue damage, the YAG laser was modified to produce a 1.3-microm wavelength. YAG laser treatment using this alternative wavelength caused more immediate damage than the 1.06 micron wavelength. From these studies we conclude: (a) YAG laser photocoagulation effectively stopped experimental gastric ulcer bleeding when applied both at laparotomy and endoscopy; (b) compared to untreated ulcers, YAG laser treatment caused significant tissue damage despite control of several important variables (power output, spot size, pulse duration, and coaxial CO2); (c) increased total energy, larger spot size, and longer pulse duration appeared related to increased tissue injury with YAG laser treatment; total energy was the single most important factor. (d) Successful hemostasis with endoscopic application of the YAG laser required more total energy than treatment of laparotomy. (e) Modification of the YAG laser wavelength to 1.3 microns did not reduce tissue injury.
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PMID:YAG laser treatment of experimental bleeding canine gastric ulcers. 719 34

A new device Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy (LS) was developed for the analysis of isotope ratios of 13CO2/12CO2. Its applicability for breath tests was validated. The exhaled breath is collected in a 2 l aluminum bag, of which CO2 is separated by cryogenic system and introduced into LS. Repeat measurements (8 times) of two kinds of gases (delta 13C:-2.62 and - 1.14%) revealed 0.045% and 0.065% variation (IS.D.), from which precision of measurement was estimated as 0.2% (3S.D.). Seven healthy volunteers were given orally different dose of 13C-glycine (50 mg-200 mg in 5 subjects) and 13C-methacetin (30 mg and 150 mg in 2 subjects). One patient with gastric ulcer with helicobacter pylori (HP) infection was given 100 mg of 13C-urea. Serial breath samples (9-15) were taken and measured both by LS and mass spectrometer (MS) thereafter. Appreciable peaks were obtained at 30-50 min. after glycine and methacetin ingestions. The height of the peaks were dose dependent. Increased excretion of 13CO2 characteristics to HP infection was obtained in 13C-urea breath test. Measured values with LS were identical with those measured with MS (60 samples) with the range of difference within 0.2% (3S.D.). [Y (LS) = 1.02X (MS) + 0.55, r = 0.996] We conclude the LS is suitable for various 13C-breath tests.
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PMID:[Application of laser spectroscopy for 13C-breath tests]. 868 81

Rebamipide which is used as a drug for gastritis and stomach ulcer has large capability for OH radical scavenging. It is expected that rebamipide has protective effect against ionizing radiations. The present paper deals with protective effect of rebamipide for cultured mammalian cells exposed to ionizing radiations. As rebamipide is insoluble in water, three solvents were used to dissolve. Rebamipide dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl formamide (DMFA) and 0.02 N NaOH was added to the cells in Eagle's minimum essential medium (MEM) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum and the cells were irradiated with X-rays. After irradiation, the cells were trypsinized, plated in MEM with 10% fetal calf serum and incubated for 7 days in a CO2 incubator to form colonies. Rebamipide dissolved in 0.02 N NaOH exhibited the protective effect expected its OH radical scavenging capability. However, the protective effect of rebamipide dissolved in DMSO was about half of that expected by its radical scavenging capability and that of rebamipide dissolved in DMFA was not observed. Uptake of rebamipide labeled with 14C increased with increasing contact time with rebamipide. These rebamipide mainly distributed in nucleous rather than cytoplasm.
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PMID:[Protection of cultured mammalian cells by rebamipide]. 924 42

Although venous air embolism is a known complication in medical practice in general, only a single case of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy complicated by venous air embolism with consecutive acute cardiovascular failure has so far been described in literature. Here we show that gastroscopy may be accompanied by massive, i.e. fatal venous air embolism. If a vessel in the gastrointestinal tract is exposed but does not collapse (in the case of a gastric ulcer, for example) air insufflated under pressure by the gastroscope may lead to a fatal air embolism. Our tests using a commercial gastroscope revealed that an overpressure of up to 43 kPa (kiloPascals) is reached without the rinsing function while an overpressure of up to 45 kPa is measured if the rinsing function is operated simultaneously. The maximum flow rates without resistance were 100 ml/min for rinsing liquid (purified water) and 2000 ml/min for air. Our results suggest that air insufflation by the gastroscope may result in a critical air embolism within very few seconds on condition that a connection with the vascular system exists. However, this complication is extremely rarely encountered. We propose that CO2 should be administered in place of air or alternatively the maximum pressure should be considerably reduced to avoid a fatal outcome in routinely performed gastroscopical examinations.
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PMID:Mechanism of fatal air embolism after gastrointestinal endoscopy. 958 99

Biodegradable microparticles based on poly-D,L-lactide with entrapped mixture of herbal water-soluble extracts of Plantago major and Calendula officinalis were prepared. For preparation of these microparticles the previously developed method based on the usage of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) was proposed. Microparticles were obtained by two techniques: 1) by preparing porous polymer monolith containing entrapped mixture of herbal extracts, which was then reduced to fine microparticles (ca. 0.1 mm) by dry ice grinding (called here as "monolithisation technique") and 2) by spraying of this polymer/extracts mixture through a jet (spray technique). In vitro release kinetic profile of herbal extract mixture was found to depend on the microparticle preparation technique, on the microparticle structure as well as on the initial ratio polymer/extracts (w/w). The microparticles were used for gastric ulcer treatment in a rat model. The extracts released from microparticles were found to accelerate tissue repair.
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PMID:[Biodegradable polymer microparticles with entraped herbal extracts: preparation with supercritical carbon dioxide and use for tissue repair]. 2000 Jan 25