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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of water extract and ether extract of Flos Caryophylli have been investigated by four experimental gastric ulcer models, choleresis in rats, two diarrhea models in mice, two pain stimulations in mice, and acute liver injury induced by CCl4 in rats. The results suggest that the action of Flos Caryophylli on dispelling the cold by warming the middle-jiao and curing abdominalgia is related to its anti-ulcer, choleresis increasing, anti-diarrhea and analgesic functions.
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PMID:[Studies on warming the middle-jiao and analgesic effect of flos Caryophylli]. 191 May 10

The preventive effect of dimethyl-beta-propiothetin (DMPT) and methylmethionine at 5 mM each on stress-induced gastric ulcers in rats was compared. Gastric ulcer-diseased rats were induced by the water immersion method. The ulcer index of test rats in the DMPT group was noticeably lower, compared with those in the methylmethionine and the control groups. A comparison of the activities of serum transaminases and amylase, and the amounts of various blood components in test rats claimed that the DMPT group rats were most resistive to such strain compared with the control and the methylmethionine group rats. These results indicate that DMPT is a potent preventive-agent against the stress-induced gastric ulcers in rats without any side effects.
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PMID:Dimethyl-beta-propiothetin, new potent resistive-agent against stress-induced gastric ulcers in rats. 191 9

The effects of subcutaneous injections of vasopressin in vasopressin-deficient (Brattleboro or DI) rats were observed during nonstress (habituation) and stress (food-restriction) conditions as compared to other rats. Four groups of animals were employed: 1) Long-Evans (LE) rats that were food restricted with no injections (normal control animals), 2) DI rats that were food restricted with no injections, 3) DI rats injected with vasopressin, and 4) DI rats injected with peanut oil (vehicle). The parameters studied were: body weight, food intake, water intake, and gastric ulcer formation. With respect to body weight, water intake, and ulcer formation, two sets of animals emerged. The vasopressin-injected DI rats resembled the LE control rats, whereas the peanut oil-injected DI rats were similar to the DI rats with no injections. The former set of animals showed a higher body weight, reduced water intake, and fewer gastric ulcers than the latter set of animals. Thus the vasopressin-injected DI rats and the LE control rats could cope with the stress of food restriction, but the peanut oil-injected DI rats and the DI rats with no injections could not.
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PMID:Effects of vasopressin replacement during food-restriction stress. 206 79

A series of 4-substituted 8-[(2-benzimidazolyl)sulfinylmethyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin es was synthesized and examined for their (H+ + K+)adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase)-inhibitory and antisecretory activities against histamine-induced gastric acid secretion in rats. Many compounds tested were potent inhibitors of (H+ + K+)ATPase. Most compounds showed antisecretory activity. The antiulcer activity against water-immersion stress-induced gastric ulcer, aspirin-induced gastric ulcer and gastric necrosis induced by hydrochloric acid also were tested in the rat. Some of these compounds, in particular, 4-(N-allyl-N-methylamino)-1-ethyl-8-[(5-fluoro-6-methoxy-2-benzimidazoly l) sulfinylmethyl]-1-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (XVIIx) were found to have potent activity. The structure-activity relationships are discussed.
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PMID:Synthesis and antiulcer activity of 4-substituted 8-[(2-benzimidazolyl)sulfinylmethyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoli nes and related compounds. 217 36

We studied and quantified the healing process of gastric ulcers in humans by means of endoscopic ultrasonography. Initially, using the water bath method, we scanned specimens of resected human stomachs with gastric ulcers including 9 open ulcers and 14 ulcer scars. Comparison of histological findings and measurement of the cross-section suggested that the ulcers observed in the ultrasonographic photographs were essentially equivalent to those in histological photographs. By using endoscopic ultrasonography, we then examined 16 patients with active, mainly recurrent, gastric ulcers before and after 2, 4, and 8 weeks of H2 blocker treatment, measuring the length and cross-sectional area of the ulcer in endoscopic ultrasonographic photographs. From measurements of the contraction rate of cross-sectional ulcer area during healing, we observed that the healed ulcers showed a relatively rapid rate of contraction in the first 4 weeks of therapy and the non-healed cases showed a poor contraction rate. Endoscopic ultrasonography is useful for the quantitative estimation of histological changes associated with gastric ulcer healing.
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PMID:Quantification of gastric ulcer healing by endoscopic ultrasonography. 218 76

The mucus barrier is a layer of water-insoluble gel adherent to the gastroduodenal epithelium. In man most previous studies have focused on luminal mucus or histological assessment of presecreted, intracellular mucus--neither of which can be directly correlated with the protective capacity of the adherent mucus barrier. We here describe direct observation of adherent mucus thickness in man, and changes in peptic ulceration. Adherent mucus gel on human antral mucosa is a continuous homogeneous layer of variable thickness, in the range 50-450 microns (median 180 microns), comprising 67% polymeric mucin. In gastric ulcer patients, adherent antral mucus is significantly increased in thickness (median 240 microns), but is very heterogeneous and structurally a substantially weaker gel, comprising only 35% polymeric mucin. Adherent antral mucus from duodenal ulcer patients is homogeneous, significantly thinner (median 110 microns), and structurally a weaker gel, comprising 50% polymeric mucin. The adherent mucus layer from patients with gastric carcinoma resembled that from subjects with gastric ulcer in that it was very heterogeneous, of significantly increased thickness (median 240 microns) and structurally a very weak gel (23% polymeric mucin). These results are discussed in the context of gastroduodenal mucosal protection against acid and pepsin in the gastric juice.
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PMID:The adherent gastric mucus gel barrier in man and changes in peptic ulceration. 220 Apr 18

This paper reports the effect of dry ginger and roasted ginger decoctions on four experimental gastric ulcer models in rats at an oral administration of 4.5 g/kg. The result shows that the roasted ginger has an obvious inhibiting tendency on three gastric ulcer models except the indomethacin induced model while the dry ginger has no such effects. The acute toxicity test has shown that the LD50 of roasted ginger decoction administered orally is 170.6 +/- 1.1 g/kg, but it is over 250 g/kg with dry ginger. This suggests that the water soluble constituents of the dry ginger have changed in the roasting process.
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PMID:[Effect of dry ginger and roasted ginger on experimental gastric ulcers in rats]. 227 78

Experimental gastric ulcer formation was performed in the pika and compared with that in the rat. Gastric ulcers were formed in pika that were subjected to water restraint for 4-5 days for 2 hours each day. Gastric ulcers were also formed under conditions of 1-4 days for 3 hours each day and 1-2 days for 5 hours each day. The severest (widest) ulcers were obtained under the condition of 5 hours' water restraint. Histopathologically, the ulcers were mostly erosions, but those formed under 5 hours' restraint reached the tunica muscularis mucosae. In addition, inflammatory changes were recognized. In contrast, while gastric ulcers in the rat formed within a short time, they were histopathologically less severe than those in the pika. Therefore, water restraint for 4 hours performed 4-5 times is suitable to obtain gastric ulcer formation in the pika and may result in more severe gastric ulcers than in the rat. Compared with the rat, the pika showed differences in the appearance and degree of gastric ulcers formed by the injection of serotonin and reserpine.
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PMID:[Experimental stomach-ulcer on pika]. 230 93

Ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide is genetically determined and has been investigated as a possible genetic marker for disease. This study examined phenylthiocarbamide taste sensitivity in gastric and duodenal ulcer disease. The study sample included 164 patients with gastric ulcer, 134 with duodenal ulcer, and 299 community controls. Eight concentrations of phenylthiocarbamide in distilled water were obtained by binary serial dilution. The lowest concentration distinguished by taste from distilled water defined taste threshold. Bimodality of threshold distributions distinguished nontasters from tasters. Comparisons of patients with controls gave odds ratios of nontaste in gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer of, respectively, 0.7 (P greater than 0.1) and 1.3 (P greater than 0.03). The power of detecting at least a twofold difference between patients and controls in the odds of nontaste was 80%. Nontaste was more common in duodenal than in gastric ulcer patients (odds ratio = 2.0, P = 0.02). Taste sensitivity was unassociated with other genetic factors related to ulcer--ABO blood group, secretor status, and serum pepsinogen 1 level. The difference between gastric and duodenal ulcer patients in the ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide may be genetic; however, this study's inability, despite substantial power, to detect at least a twofold difference between patients and controls suggests that if phenylthiocarbamide taste sensitivity is a genetic factor in peptic ulcer, the relationship is weak.
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PMID:Phenylthiocarbamide taste sensitivity in chronic peptic ulcer. 234 42

Anti-ulcer activities of fruits of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz var. japonica Kitamura (50% ethanolic extract, TKE) were investigated in rats. TKE, at doses of 100-1000 mg/kg, showed potent protection against experimental gastric lesions, namely, those induced by water-immersion, histamine, serotonin, HCl.ethanol, 0.6 N HCl, 0.2 N NaOH, 35% NaCl, and Shay' ulcer and acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer. At doses of 500-1000 mg/kg, TKE decreased the gastric secretion and acid output in pylorus-ligation (for 7 h), but 100 mg/kg of TKE had no influence on the gastric secretion. On the other hand, TKE exerted inhibition on the contractile responses of the isolated ileum of mouse to acetylcholine. These results suggested that TKE has an anti-ulcer effect.
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PMID:Anti-ulcer effects of Trichosanthes fruits. 239 55


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