Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The long-acting somatostatin analogue octreotide is a synthetic cyclic peptide consisting of 8 amino acids. Depending on the organ, it acts either as a hormone or as a neurotransmitter. The effect on various physiological functions in the brain and the gastrointestinal tract is mainly inhibitory. Due to its inhibitory actions, the possibility of intravenous and subcutaneous administration and the lack of serious side-effects, octreotide offers a broad spectrum of possible indications. Today octreotide is recommended in acromegaly patients and for the treatment of hormone dependent symptoms in patients with gastroenteropancreatic tumours. New indications are enterocutaneous and pancreatic fistulas and the prevention of complications in major pancreatic surgery. In patients with dumping and short-bowel syndrome, octreotide may be helpful until dietary regimens are established. In Aids patients with severe diarrhea, octreotide can be used to stabilize patients with severe dehydration and malnutrition. The clinical effectiveness on upper GI-bleeding due to gastric ulcer and oesophageal varices is still controversial. Future studies must prove whether octreotide may be helpful in treating diabetic retino- and nephropathy because of the possibility of suppressing growth hormone and IGF-I. The antiproliferative effect of octreotide also allows its use in patients with somatostatin-receptor-positive, non-endocrine solid tumors (e.g. brain, breast and small-cell lung cancer). A promising area is the scintigraphic visualization of somatostatin-receptor-positive tumors with a radio-labelled octreotide analogue and the possible target irradiation of these tumors by beta-particle emitting isotopes attached to such analogues.
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PMID:[Somatostatin analog (octreotide) in clinical use: current and potential indications]. 162 Oct 78

By deliberately upsetting the body's recognition of self, and inducing an immune response against specific self antigens, birth control vaccines and disease therapies may be possible. The vaccine must be highly specific, the antigen must be present in small amounts or at limited times, and the benefit-to-risk ratio must be thoroughly evaluated. Target antigens being considered for birth control vaccines include sperm antigens or enzymes, zona pellucida of the ova and the pituitary hormone hCG. Anti-sperm immunity has been observed naturally occurring, and induced experimentally. Anti-ovum vaccines have the drawback of possibly reacting with ovarian tissue. The gonadotropin hormone receiving the most attention is hCG, or specifically its carboxy-terminal subunit. The rest of the peptide is too similar to hLH. Anti-hCG could act by preventing the luteotrophic effect of the hormone, or by attacking the hCG-producing cells of the blastocyst. Vaccines based on hCG with a tetanus toxoid carrier and a synthetic hCG peptide vaccine have been tested successfully in Phase 1 clinical trials. Other therapies based on immunization against self antigens include anticancer therapy, excess growth hormone and the Zollinger- Ellison syndrome of gastric ulcer disease. All of these approaches need to be monitored carefully to ensure that no damage is done to the host from circulating immune complexes.
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PMID:Birth control vaccines and immunological approaches to the therapy of noninfectious diseases. 234 90

Stress causes gastric ulcer in vertebrates. In humans, growth hormone (hGH) and prolactin (hRPL) are promptly released into the circulation under the stress conditions, while in rats exposed to stress, the circulating levels of GH (rGH) are decreased and the circulating PRL (rPRL) levels are rapidly increased as in humans during stress. However, the roles of the circulating rGH and rPRL during stress are still unclear. Here we analyzed whether 22K hGH, 20K hGH or rGH, when compared to rPRL, can affect restraint stress in water (RSW)-induced gastric ulcers. Pretreatments of rats with subcutaneously (s.c.) administered rPRL or 20K hGH clearly prevented the development of the gastric injuries in rats subjected to 7 h RSW. The s.c. pretreatment with 22K hGH resulted in little cytoprotection in the rats exposed to RSW, while s.c. pretreatment with rGH showed no such protective effect against RSW-induced gastric injuries. Results suggested that rPRL and 20K hGH were acting on PRL receptor, but not on GH receptor, to prevent RSW-induced gastric injuries.
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PMID:Subcutaneously administered prolactin and 20K hGH, but not rGH or 22K hGH, prevent restraint stress-induced gastric ulcers in rats. 1089 Jan 83

A decreased hemoglobin concentration is a common clinical condition in elderly subjects, and in at least 20% of the cases it is not possible to directly attribute the anemia to specific factors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship of different levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) with the blood concentration of hemoglobin in persons aged 80 years and older. Data are from a baseline evaluation of the Aging and Longevity in the Sirente Geographic Area (ilSIRENTE) study (n=253). Analysis of covariance was used to examine the effect of different IGFBP-3 levels on hemoglobin concentration. After adjustment for potential confounding variables, which included age, sex, number of diseases, renal failure, cancer, gastric ulcer, albumin, and iron concentrations, individuals in the group with higher IGFBP-3 concentrations showed a significantly higher mean hemoglobin concentration than participants in the group with lower IGFBP-3 concentrations (13.4 +/- 1.4 g/dL versus 12.9 +/- 1.9 g/dL, respectively; P=.03). In conclusion, the present study has shown that a higher IGFBP-3 level is associated with a higher hemoglobin concentration among older people living in the community. This finding suggests that the growth hormone/IGF axis may play an important role in hematopoiesis, and it may be implicated in the age-related decline in hemoglobin concentration.
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PMID:Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 and hemoglobin concentration in older persons living in the community. 1748 71