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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The calcium channel antagonists verapamil and nifedipine were examined for their effects on conscious basal gastric acid output, stress ulcer formation and on ethanol-induced ulcers. Both compounds significantly reduced gastric acid secretion, however verapamil did so in a dose-related manner. Both verapamil and nifedipine significantly attenuated stress gastric ulcer formation. Nifedipine, at a dose of 32.0 mg kg-1, virtually abolished stress ulcers. Verapamil exacerbated, while nifedipine, at 32.0 mg kg-1, attenuated ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. The differential gastrointestinal effects of these calcium channel antagonists support the existence of multiple classes of calcium channels in the gut and suggest an important role for intracellular calcium and hence, its blockade, in gastric pathophysiology.
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PMID:Verapamil and nifedipine effects on gastric acid secretion and ulcer formation in rats. 290 96

N,N-Diethyl-2-[4-(phenylmethyl)-phenoxy]-ethanamine hydrochloride (DPPE) is a para-diphenylmethane derivative that binds selectively and with high affinity to the microsomal antiestrogen binding site (AEBS). Recent studies with DPPE indicate that AEBS is closely related to a lower affinity non-H1, non-H2 histamine site that may be associated with calcium channels; the DPPE-AEBS site is different from that which verapamil binds, however, DPPE, but not verapamil, demonstrates antiproliferative effects in vitro and is antiestrogenic in vivo. We now show that DPPE profoundly inhibits restraint and cold stress and ethanol-induced gastric ulcer formation, accelerates ulcer healing, attenuates the stress-induced rise in plasma corticosterone level, and significantly reduces basal and H2 agonist (dimaprit)-stimulated and, to a lesser extent, bethanechol-stimulated gastric acid output in conscious rats. A nonulcerogenic but prostaglandin-depleting dose of indomethacin completely blocks the inhibitory effects of DPPE on stress ulcer formation. Conversely, verapamil only slightly attenuates dimaprit-stimulated gastric acid secretion and exacerbates ethanol-induced gastric ulcers; its anti-stress ulcer effects are only partially attenuated by indomethacin. These findings support the likelihood that the site of action of DPPE is different from that of verapamil, and that an effect on prostaglandins may, at least in part, contribute to its antiulcer and apparent cytoprotective effects.
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PMID:Antiulcerogenic and antisecretory effects of a novel diphenylmethane derivative and antiestrogen binding site ligand. 290 33

A case-control investigation involving interviews with 564 stomach cancer patients and 1131 population-based controls was conducted to evaluate reasons for the exceptionally high rates of stomach cancer in Linqu, a rural county in Shandong Province in northeast China. Daily consumption of sour pancakes, a fermented indigenous staple, was associated with a 30% increase in risk. Risks of stomach cancer were also increased by 2- to 3-fold among persons with prior chronic gastritis or gastric ulcer, by 80% among those with stomach cancer in a family member, by 50% among men who smoked one or more packs of cigarettes/day, by 40% among those who preferred salty foods, and by 50% among families with moldy grain supplies. In contrast, risks tended to decrease in proportion to increasing consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits. This protective effect was more pronounced for vegetables, with those in the highest quartile of intake at less than one-half the risk of those in the lowest. Stomach cancer risks also declined with increasing dietary intake of carotene, vitamin C, and calcium, but not retinol. These findings provide leads to dietary factors that contribute to the high rates in Linqu, where stomach cancer is the leading cause of cancer and has not yet begun to decline as in other parts of the world.
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PMID:Diet and high risk of stomach cancer in Shandong, China. 337 Jun 45

A 56-year-old male was admitted to a hospital because of gastric ulcer in 1967, and by chance he was diagnosed right milk of calcium renal stone associated with hydronephrotic kidney by plain abdominal X-ray film. In 1979, he was admitted to our hospital complaining of hematuria, and died from renal pelvic cancer on the 49th hospital day. Milk of calcium renal stone associated with hydronephrotic kidney is rare, with only 13 cases were reported previously. This is the first report, a case of milk of calcium renal stone associated with hydronephrosis died from renal pelvic cancer.
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PMID:Milk of calcium renal stone and renal pelvic cancer associated with hydronephrosis. 377 22

The current studies were designed to investigate the effect of calcium channel blockers on chemically induced gastric lesions in rats. Results of this study indicate that pretreatment of male F344 rats with the calcium channel blockers verapamil, diltiazem, or Mg2+ significantly protected against ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric lesions as demonstrated by gross and histopathologic evaluation. Treatment of rats with calcium channel blockers before ethanol or indomethacin administration resulted in a significant decline in the mean number of lesions per glandular stomach, the damaged area of the glandular stomach, and the severity of lesions. Calcium channel blockers also caused a significant decline in the incidence of indomethacin-induced gastric lesions, but had no effect on the incidence of ethanol-induced gastric lesions. These results offer the first evidence that calcium channel blockers may play an important role in the protection against chemically induced gastric lesions and thereby offer insight into the mechanism of gastric ulcer formation. It is speculated that this knowledge may prove important in the development of new and improved therapies for the treatment and prevention of gastric ulcers in humans.
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PMID:Calcium channel blockers protect against ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric lesions in rats. 378 Nov 76

A 42-year-old man had a 4 year history of sarcoidosis stage II (lung). In biopsied specimens of the antrum we found epithelioid granulomas caused by gastric involvement in sarcoidosis. Coincidentally we found a gastric ulcer which was later the source of gastric bleeding. The granulomas were located around this ulcer and also under intact mucosa. Therefore, in our opinion it was not the case that granulomatous gastritis caused the ulceration in a direct way. We saw a connection between hypercalcemia--often found in patients with sarcoidosis, as in our patient--and the gastric ulcer. Therapy was thus aimed at lowering the blood calcium concentration. Steroids were avoided at this time. The ulceration healed, although granulomatous gastritis continued.
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PMID:[Granulomatous gastritis of the antrum in generalized sarcoidosis]. 380 61

The efficacy of local-acting De-Nol liquid (tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate) was investigated in patients with endoscopically verified gastric ulcer. In a prospective-type clinical trial, 16 outpatients received De-Nol and 24 outpatients received an antacid mixture (sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium trisilicate in equal parts). The period of study was 4 weeks, the endoscopy being performed on the 14th and 28th day after commencement of treatment. We Registration was made of the degree of ulcer healing (ulcer is healed, or not healed but reduced by 50%, or slightly healed, or unchanged), the degree of pain (0 = none, 1 = slight, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe), body weight, different biochemical and haematological examinations, side-effects and some other parameters. Of those patients given De-Nol treatment, the ulcer healed in 69% within four weeks, as compared with 33% of those given antacid therapy. There was also a significant (p less than 0.001, p less than 0.02) difference between the two groups in the size of the ulceration which remained and in the decrease of pain. Side-effects were not recorded. These data suggest the beneficial effect of De-Nol liquid in the treatment of patients with gastric ulceration.
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PMID:A controlled clinical trial with De-Nol (tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate) in patients with gastric ulcer. 636 45

The late problems of 136 patients who had undergone pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy and pharyngogastric anastomosis were studied. The proportions of patients who required long-term thyroxine supplementation were 67 percent, 13 percent, and 5.3 percent of the patients who had total thyroidectomy, hemithyroidectomy, and no thyroidectomy, respectively. The proportions of patients who required calcium and vitamin D supplementation were 67 percent, 23 percent, and 17 percent, respectively. Speech rehabilitation was unsatisfactory. Alimentary functions were satisfactory in that the majority of patients were able to take in solid food. Although a sensation of obstruction of food was occasionally felt, no organic abnormality was found in any patient. Regurgitation was noted in 23 percent of the patients, and hematemesis was an occasional symptom of gastritis or gastric ulcer, although symptomatic gastric ulcer was found in only two patients. It is concluded that the long-term morbidity after this extensive procedure is mild and acceptable. The operation is recommendable for extensive tumors of the laryngopharyngeal region.
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PMID:Late problems after pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy and pharyngogastric anastomosis for cancer of the larynx and hypopharynx. 648 21

Two hundred millilitres of an isotonic solution of CaCl2 (0,118 M) were injected and left 15 min in the stomach of normal subjects (SN1; n = 21), of patients with gastric ulcer (UG; n = 16), patients with duodenal ulcer (UD; n = 40), patients with normochlorhydric gastritis (G1; n = 13) and patients with hypo- or achlorhydric gastritis (G2; n = 7). Gastric acid secretion and gastrinemia were measured during 90 min. After intragastric calcium injection, the acid secretion was increased during 60 min in almost all subjects (87 to 100 p. 100 of subjects in the various groups) whereas gastrin release was increased in the majority (57 to 84 p. 100) of cases. The possible dissociation between the acid and gastrinic responses implies that the calcium-induced acid response is independent of the calcium-induced gastrin release. During control experiments in normal individuals, continuous intragastric perfusion (300 ml/h) of NaCl 0.15 M failed to alter gastric acid secretion or gastrin release, whereas continuous intragastric perfusion of CaCl2 0,118 M enhanced gastric acid secretion and gastrin release. The action of CaCl2 0,118 M is therefore not attributable to gastric distension but directly to calcium itself. The stimulation of acid secretion by intragastric calcium was more conspicuous in patients with gastric or duodenal ulcer than in normal subjects. The release of gastrin was higher in gastritis and duodenal ulcer than in the normal group. It is hypothesized that intragastric calcium increases the cholinergic tone of the parietal cell.
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PMID:[Effects of intragastric calcium on gastric acid secretion and release of gastrin in normal man and in various pathological cases]. 661 72

The behaviour of basal gastric secretion was examined in 15 gastric ulcer patients, 54 chronic duodenal ulcer patients, and 25 normal subjects. The investigation was conducted with the subjects remaining seated in three 1-hour phases at rest, during exercise, and in the course of restitution. The 60-minute exercise was performed on Monark's bicycle ergometer with loads producing constant heart rate acceleration ca 50% of the maximum for the subjects' age. The determination made included gastric juice volume, hydrochloric acid concentration and basal acid output (BAO) as well as sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium and magnesium levels in gastric juice. It was found that in healthy subjects a 1-hour exercise of constant 50% load significantly decreased the volume of gastric juice, concentration of hydrochloride acid and BAO as well as electrolyte content (rho less than 0.05): these changes were especially distinct during the restitution period. In the patients with gastric ulcer the basal gastric secretion presented a similar picture. By contrast, in the duodenal ulcer patients exercise produced increased volume of gastric juice and increased BAO values as well as higher electrolyte contents (rho less than 0.05). During the restitution period none of these values decreased below those determined at rest.
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PMID:[The behaviour of basal gastric secretion during exercise and restitution in chronic gastric and duodenal ulcer patients (author's transl)]. 710 41


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