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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of three different doses of somatostatin on splanchnic blood flow (SBF) and on arterial plasma insulin, glucagon and glucose was determined. 125, 250 and 500 microgram/h of somatostatin was infused during 60 minutes in 3 groups of 6 patients undergoing arterial-hepatic-venous catheterization; no patient had clinical evidence of metabolitic or hepatic disease. Continuous infusion of 125 microgram/h somatostatin was without significant effect on SBF, whereas 250 microgram/h resulted in a mean 28% reduction of SBF (p less than 0.05). Doubling the dose to 500 microgram/h affected SBF similarly (21% reduction of SBF). In contrast, administration of all three doses of somatostatin suppressed the circulating insulin and glucagon levels significantly. In a recent report somatostatin had been administered in a dose of 250 microgram/h to control gastric ulcer hemorrhage. The present studies demonstrate that this dose results in a significant reduction of SBF which cannot be further depressed by increasing the dose.
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PMID:[Dosage dependence of the effect of somatostatin on human splanchnic blood flow]. 43 87

The blood serum levels of gastrin and insulin and arterial blood levels of glucose were determined immediately before intravenous injection of 1 mg of glucagon, and 10, 20, 40 and 60 minutes later in 12 gastric ulcer patients, 14 duodenal ulcer patients and 12 controls using the radioimmunological and orthotoluidine methods respectively. Following glucagon administration the gastrin levels dropped in the controls and the gastrin patients, and increased in the duodenal patients by an average of 30%. Insulin levels increased in all three groups, but the increase was statistically significant in the two patients groups. Glucose levels in the blood also increased with no significant differences between the groups. It is suggested that the different effect of glucagon on gastrin levels may be due to gastrin-insulin interaction; the levels of the two hormones in the blood of duodenal patients were higher than in the other two groups studied.
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PMID:The effect of glucagon on the blood levels of gastrin, insulin and glucose in patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers. 52 17

Recurrent peptic ulcer usually develops as the result of an ill-advised or poorly executed operation. The commonest surgical error is an incomplete vagotomy. Diagnosis is made best by endoscopy. Mandatory investigation includes determination of serum gastrin and calcium, and measurement of basal and maximal acid output. Management is surgical and depends on the initial ulcer operation. Decision-making is aided by the Hollander insulin test, the secretin infusion test and occasionally by a technetium scan. There is no place for procedures that do not reduce acid output. Emergency treatment of a complication should be followed by full investigation and the appropriate operation. Recurrent gastric ulcer should be treated by gastrectomy and excision of the ulcer.
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PMID:Symposium on peptic ulcer disease: 3. Practical management of recurrent peptic ulcer. 62 Mar 62

Morphological examinations of the fundic mucosa with quantitative analysis of the parietal, chief and mucous neck cells were carried out with duodenal ulcer cases before selective proximal vagotomy and pyloroplasty, and over a period of more than four years after the operation. In the material removed by forceps biopsy from 15 duodenal ulcer cases, an early post-operative parietal cell density reduction of 74.15% was found, and from 5 gastric ulcer cases a reduction of 73.77%. This result occurred over an examination period of four years. The post-operative displacement in the distribution of the parietal cell within the fundic gland was pointed out, as well as the increased post-operative inflammatory indurating changes in the fundic mucosa, which occur only in gastric ulcer cases. The thickness of the mucosa was measured with an ocular micrometer pre- and post-operatively in 8 cases, and a post-operative reduction of about 20% was found. The relationshiop between the degree of post-operative parietal cell reduction and the insulin-stimulated acid-secretion was checked and no significant difference between the absolutely insulin-negative and insulin-positive groups was found post-operatively. To supplement these findings, the reaction of the succinatdehydrogenase activity in the mitochondria of the parietal cell was analysed semiquantitatively and by absorption-photometer. Thus a post-operative reduction of enzyme-activity of 20.45% on average was found in duodenal ulcer cases. In gastric ulcer cases there was no evidence of any reduction.
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PMID:[Long-term examinations of fundic mucosa in gastroduodenal ulcer after SpV and pyloroplasty (author's transl)]. 62 65

The clinical results of truncal vagotomy and drainage for duodenal ulcer in 500 patients are evaluated by a personal 6-8 year follow up. Pyloroplasty was used unless pyloric stenosis made a gastrojejunostomy necessary. Forty-three patients had recurrence (39 were reoperated) and gastric ulcer was seen in five. The rate of dumping was 24% (severe in 3%) and rate of daily-monthly diarrhoea 40% (severe in 8%). Neither dumping nor diarrhoea was related to histamine-activated gastric acid secretion ten days after vagotomy and insulin-activated acid secretion 3 to 4 years later. Dumping was related to epigastric fullness and diarrhoea. Recurrence was related to histamine-activated secretion before and 10 days after vagotomy and to insulin-activated secretion 10 days and 3-4 days after vagotomy. Minor changes were seen in weight- and laboratory-measurements. Anemia was not related to prophylactic intake of iron. Satisfactory results (Visick I-III) were seen in 80% of the patients. The figure may be increased to 86%, including results of operations for recurrence, gastric ulcer and other diseases occurring after the original vagotomy and drainage; even then, the results seem less satisfactory than those after other operations for duodenal ulcer.
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PMID:Clinical results 6 to 8 years after truncal vagotomy and drainage for duodenal ulcer in 500 patients. 121 Oct 38

Parietal cell vagotomy (PCV) without drainage was performed on 35 patients. Three patients died during the study from causes unrelated to duodenal ulcer. Thirty-one (97%) of the remaining patients were followed up for two years; 66% have been studied after three years. At the end of two years, the mean basal acid output and peak hourly basal secretion rate were 43% and 47% less than the preoperative values, respectively. The number of patients with a negative insulin test result postoperatively fell from 64% of patients tested at two months to 44% at two years. The number of patients with an early positive insulin test result rose from 13% at two months to 28% at two years after operation. There were two recurrent duodenal ulcers; one required reoperation. A gastric ulcer developed in one patient who was taking massive doses of aspirin; the ulcer healed after aspirin withdrawal. One patient required operation for pyloric obstruction. Both dumping and diarrhea were reported by 7% of patients. These results suggest that PCV without drainage is an acceptable procedure for treatment of duodenal ulcer.
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PMID:Parietal cell vagotomy without drainage for treatment of duodenal ulcer. A two- to three-year follow-up report. 125 75

Ninety patients suffering from peptic ulcer and 25 healthy subjects were examined for the content of gastrin, bombesin and somatostatin in blood and gastric juice. Among patients with duodenal ulcer, 2 groups were distinguished: group I included patients in whom peptic ulcer occurred before 30 years; the majority of the patients manifested blood hypergastrinemia, a decrease of bombesin concentration and normal somatostatin concentration; gastric juice was characterized by a lowering of somatostatin concentration and unchanged gastrin concentration; group II was made up of patients who developed peptic ulcer after 30: in the majority of the patients, gastrin concentration was reduced under basal conditions, after loading it was unchanged; in part of the patients, blood somatostatin concentration was elevated, in 16 in exacerbation and in 19 in remission; in the remainder, it was unchanged. The concentration of bombesin in blood remained unchanged. In gastric juice, gastrin concentration was increased only after histamine administration, somatostatin concentration was unchanged whatever the disease stage. In patients with gastric ulcer, gastrin concentration in blood was elevated only under basal conditions, being unchanged in gastric juice irrespective of the disease stage. Meanwhile, the concentration of bombesin was lowered both under basal conditions and after insulin administration, the concentration of somatostatin was decreased both in blood and gastric juice whatever the disease stage.
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PMID:[The content of gastrin, bombesin and somatostatin in the blood and gastric juice of patients with duodenal and gastric peptic ulcer]. 135 94

Insulin, glucagon and C-peptide content in the blood was assayed with the use of commercial radioimmune kits (Diagnostic, USA, and Oris, France). A total of 93 peptic ulcer patients (35 with duodenal peptic ulcer, 28 with gastric ulcer, 16 after Billroth-I resection, and 14 after Billroth-II resection) and 25 patients with chronic gastritis attended by secretory insufficiency were investigated. The study was conducted on empty stomach and after a test breakfast containing 57 g of protein, 63 g of fat, 103 g of carbohydrates that comprised 1212 kcal. The highest changes in hormone incretion were recorded in patients with peptic ulcer disease after Billroth-I and Billroth-II resection, the lowest--in patients with chronic gastritis attended by secretory insufficiency.
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PMID:[Effect of food on blood levels of insulin, glucagon and C-peptide in gastroduodenal pathology]. 162 73

Blood serum insulin, glucagon, pepsinogen, trypsin was studied by radioimmunological methods in 95 patients with ulcer disease. Fasting values and values 1 and 2 hours after a standard breakfast (1212 kcal) were evaluated. It was established that all patients showed a statistically valid increase of the basal level of glucagon while patients with gastric ulcer showed an increase of the basal insulin level. Use of a test breakfast showed reserve and compensatory capacities of the hormonal pancreatic function. Patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer revealed an increase of the pepsinogen level under conditions of basal secretion and after a test breakfast.
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PMID:[Pancreatic hormonal function and proteolytic activity in peptic ulcer]. 208 6

The effect of calcitonin on gastric emptying of a radiolabelled test meal was examined in 8 male patients with active gastric ulcer. The patients ate the test meal twice, whilst during one of the examinations they were given synthetic salmon calcitonin (415 pmol i.v. bolus + continuous infusion during 90 min to reach an overall dose of 62.25 pmol.kg-1 body mass) and during the other one they received placebo--in randomized order, according to a double-blind study protocol. In every patient a pronounced delay in gastric emptying after calcitonin was observed --the emptying index, Ix: 2.33 +/- 0.22 x 10(-2) min-1 (placebo) vs 0.81 +/- 0.18 x 10(-2) min-1 (calcitonin), p less than 0.001. Calcitonin delayed and significantly lowered the postprandial gastrin release, as well as suppressed the postprandial insulin release with a secondary change in the serum glucose concentration pattern, whereas the serum calcium and phosphorus remained unaffected. The authors conclude that salmon calcitonin in a pharmacological dose elicits a strong inhibitory effect on gastric emptying in gastric ulcer patients.
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PMID:[Effect of calcitonin on gastric emptying after isotope-labeled solid meal in patients with stomach ulcer]. 209 24


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