Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The involvement of histaminergic mechanisms in the regulation of some stress responses was studied in rats. The brain neuronal histamine (HA) depletor, alpha-fluoromethyl histidine (alpha-FMH), at doses (50 or 100 mg/kg) which markedly lower brain HA, significantly attenuated the gastric ulcer formation and the elevation in plasma corticosterone in response to cold restraint stress (CRS). alpha-FMH also appreciably reduced gastric mucosal HA content. The H1-antagonist, pheniramine (25 mg/kg), attenuated both the gastric mucosal and endocrine response to CRS, while the effects of the H2-antagonist, cimetidine (200 mg/kg), were on the plasma corticosterone levels. These results are discussed in light of complex HA-ergic mechanisms in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis during stress.
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PMID:Role of histaminergic mechanisms in the regulation of some stress responses in rats. 176 2

Histamine is formed by decarboxylation of the amino acid histidine and is found both in plants and in animals, including man. In man it has important biologic functions. To assess the physiologic role of histamine, however, it is necessary to have a reliable and convenient method to determine its concentration in biologic fluids and tissue. Histamine has been determined by bioassay, chemically by different modification of a fluorometric method, by radioenzymatic methods, and, recently, by immunoassays. Immunoassay of histamine has, however, been difficult to establish, mainly as a result of problems with the production of an antibody with histamine specificity. This is due to the general occurrence of histamine in all animal species. By binding histamine to different ligands, several researchers have succeeded in producing antibodies against antigens in which histamine is integrated. Treating samples and histamine standard with the same coupling agent, reliable and specific radioimmunoassays of histamine have been established. We have for some years utilized a commercial radioimmunoassay of histamine and confirmed its convenience, specificity, and sensitivity. In some patients taking a histamine-2 blocker (cimetidine or ranitidine) we have detected an increase in plasma histamine which also tended to be increased after proximal gastric vagotomy and in patients with gastric ulcer compared with patients with duodenal ulcer. In rats treated with high doses of omeprazole for 90 days we found an increase in the enterochromaffin-like cell mass and in histamine concentration in the oxyntic mucosa which was reflected by an increase in plasma histamine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Radioimmunoassay of histamine. 204 35

A 47-year old male complaining of severe abdominal pain associated with distention was admitted to our department on August 5, 1986. His first admission to our hospital was 18 days previously for leg pain and fever. He underwent emergency operation with a preoperative diagnosis of acute peritonitis due to perforation of gastric ulcer. Operative findings showed one perforation of the stomach and two of the ileum. Distal gastrectomy, enterectomy and peritoneal drainage were carried out. Resected specimen revealed six ulcers, two of them in the stomach, four in the ileum. Microscopic examination disclosed intimal proliferations of small arteries in the mucosal layer. The vessels near the ulcers were most severely involved but the same changes were also found in the subserous layer and mesentery. It was suggested that the multiple ulcers were secondary to vascular lesions identical to the gastrointestinal lesion of Degos' disease. Postoperative examinations revealed one ulcer in the jejunum and another in the descending colon. Ten months after operation he lives with no complaint on the gastrointestinal tract. Only 80 cases of Degos' disease have been reported in the western countries and 10 cases in Japan. In those atypical cases of Degos' disease without papulosis were only Manuel's and ours.
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PMID:[A report of an atypical case of Degos' disease with multiple perforations of the stomach and small intestine]. 306 8

A rare case of dissection in the posteroinferior interventricular septum complicating acute myocardial infarction was described. A 79-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for treatment of a bleeding gastric ulcer and an acute inferior myocardial infarction. His hospital course was uneventful. Two-dimensional echocardiography performed before his discharge revealed an echo-free space representing an aneurysmal bulge into the posteroinferior interventricular septum, probably due to its dissection. Dynamic computed tomography of the chest demonstrated a cyst-like filling of the contrast medium within the posteroinferior interventricular septum. It communicated with the left ventricular cavity, but not with the right ventricular cavity. Left ventriculography demonstrated an aneurysmal bulge at the posteroinferior portion of the interventricular septum. Through a narrow orifice, there was a jet-like expulsion of radiopaque material from the left ventricular cavity, but there was no communication with the right ventricular cavity. This is the first reported case of ventricular septal dissection uncomplicated by ventricular septal perforation.
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PMID:[Ventricular septal dissection: a case report]. 324 78

A case of acute spinal epidural hematoma due to the rupture of cavernous angioma is reported. A 68-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a complaint of hematoemesis. After the successful treatment of bleeding from a gastric ulcer by using endoscopical method, he noticed severe motor weakness in his lower extremities. Complete paraparesis of his lower limbs, total sensory loss below the level of fifth thoracic vertebrae, and bladder disturbance were revealed on neurological examination. A metrizamide myelogram showed complete block at the level of fourth thoracic vertebrae. A computed tomography (CT) scan disclosed a dorsolateral heterogeneous high density area (92 Hounsfield Unit) on the right with displacement of the spinal cord to the left, extending from the level of second to fifth thoracic vertebrae. He was operated thirty hours after the onset. After the laminectomy, an epidural hematoma covering over the dural sac was recognized. Following the removal of the hematoma, a hemorrhagic mass was disclosed and removed successfully. A pathological examination revealed cavernous angioma. His symptoms improved partially in three months after the operation. There have been thirteen cases of non-traumatic spinal epidural hematoma which had been diagnosed by CT scan, as far as we are aware. Although only four cases out of 13 were diagnosed without using any contrast materials, we stress that the spinal epidural hematoma can be diagnosed only by plain CT scan because of its characteristic clinical feature, attenuation coefficient, and mass effect to the spinal cord.
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PMID:[CT findings in acute spinal epidural hematoma caused by a ruptured cavernous angioma]. 372 79

Two cases of retroperitoneal schwannoma, one malignant, and the other benign, are herein reported. The first case was a 71-year-old female with a complaint of dull right flank pain. CT scan showed a large mass, which occupied almost the whole right half of the abdominal cavity extraperitoneally, accompanied by a low density portion in its central part. Angiography showed several feeding arteries, such as intercostal arteries, lumber arteries, and so on. Many tortuous and thin irregular vessels were seen. Tumor excision was performed under the diagnosis of malignant retroperitoneal tumor. No surrounding invasion or metastasis were seen. The tumor had a thick capsule, and cut surface showed lobulated appearance. No adjuvant therapy was done. Histological diagnosis was low grade malignant schwannoma. She is alive and well 17 months postoperatively. The second case was a 64 year-old male. His tumor was found incidentally, when he underwent a close examination of his gastric ulcer. According to CT scan, it was located behind the left kidney, and had a diameter of 3.0 X 2.5 cm. The tumor was removed including the fascia of lateral edge of quadratus lumbolum muscle, where it was firmly attached to. Surgical specimen showed a doughnut like appearance, because of its marked central necrosis. It had a white and thick capsule. Histological diagnosis was benign schwannoma of two different types, Antoni A and B. He remains well 13 months after operation. The 113 benign cases and 55 malignant cases reported in Japan, including our cases, were reviewed and discussed.
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PMID:[Retroperitoneal schwannoma: a report of two cases and review of the literature]. 372 26

Mutagenicity has been measured in the gastric juice of 228 patients using the Ames bacteriological test system; while mutagenicity in control and duodenal ulcer patients did not differ from saline controls, mutagenicity was significantly increased compared with controls in patients suffering gastric ulcer (p less than 0.002), carcinoma (p less than 0.002), and in patients after gastric resection (p less than 0.01). A transient rise in mutagenicity was seen following H2 antagonist ingestion (p less than 0.002). Increased levels of mutagenicity were found to correlate closely with gastric juice pH and bacterial count. Histidine concentrations in gastric juice did not explain the mutagenicity results.
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PMID:Mutagenicity in gastric juice. 614 63

In HGT-1 cells incubated at 20 degrees C for 15 min with 1 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), histamine (10(-4)M) increased basal cAMP levels from 2.12 +/- 0.14 to 22.9 +/- 2 pmol per 10(6) cells, with a potency of 6.4 X 10(-6)M. IBMX was added in order to inhibit cAMP degradation by low and high Km cAMP-phosphodiesterases (cAMP-PDE). The use of specific H1, H2 agonists or antagonists indicated that the histamine effect was due to an interaction with typical H2 -receptors that are involved in gastric acid secretion. Cyclic AMP levels were also increased (10-fold) by vasoactive intestinal peptide VIP (3 X 10(-11) - 10(-8)M). Porcine peptide having N-terminal histidine and C-terminal isoleucine amide (PHI) and secretin were respectively 80 and 3600 times less potent than VIP and did not produce additive effect when tested in combinations with VIP. This observation indicates that these two peptides, structurally related to VIP, are acting through the recognition sites for VIP. Combination of VIP and histamine results in additive stimulation on intact cells as well as on membrane-bound adenylate cyclase, suggesting the existence of two cell populations bearing respectively the two sets of receptors. Two other human cancer cell lines originating from nongastric tumors (HT-29 and HL-60) possess only VIP or histamine receptors, respectively, indicating the gastric cellular originality of the HGT-1 cells. It is concluded that HGT-1 cells possess both VIP and histamine H2 receptors with similar pharmacological properties to those characterized in normal human fundic glands (1,2). Therefore, this cell line can be a good model to study drugs used therapeutically during the treatment of patients for gastric ulcer or cancer.
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PMID:Histamine and VIP interactions with receptor-cyclic AMP systems in the human gastric cancer cell line HGT-1. 619 8

Eighty-eight patients with bleeding esophageal varices due to portal hypertension underwent splenectomy and devascularization of the upper half of the stomach and the abdominal esophagus. A Hegar dilator no. 17 was introduced into the esophagus through a gastrotomy. A ring of separated stitches was applied at cardia level, the needle being inserted as far as the metallic surface so as to include the entire wall of the esophagus. Complete interruption of all gastroesophageal vascular communication was thus obtained. After suture of the gastrotomy, a Nissen or Lind's fundoplication was performed. In 62 (70.45%) patients, the immediate postoperative course was uneventful, 21 had non-lethal complications, 13 had abdominal evisceration, six pulmonary complications, four subphrenic abscesses, five patients died, two in hepatic coma, two after reoperation for subphrenic abscess and one after massive hemorrhage due to an acute gastric ulcer. Forty-three patients (48.8%) developed transient ascites which disappeared before they were discharged from the hospital. In thirteen patients (15.6%), the hemorrhage recurred. Of the 32 patients operated one to two years ago, only one rebled. Of the 35 patients operated three to five years ago, nine rebled and three, of the 16 patients operated from five to seven years ago, rebled. With radiological and endoscopic investigations, reduced varices were seen above the suture line, in many cases, passively filled up with blood returning from the azygos vein. Reflux esophagitis was observed in 17 patients who had had a Lortat-Jacob procedure to reduce the His angle; of these, eight rebled later. No gastroesophageal reflux was seen after Nissen or Lind's fundoplication. No fistulae, dysphagia or stenosis was observed.
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PMID:A new procedure for the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices by transgastric azygo-portal disconnection. 660 5

Muscle phosphofructokinase (PFK) deficiency includes both clinically and genetically heterogeneous conditions. A 22-year-old man with muscle PFK deficiency due to previously unrecognized mutation was admitted because of gastric ulcer. He had noticed mild fatigability on vigorous exercise, but had never experienced painful cramps and myoglobinuria. His history included five time relapses of gastric ulcer and gouty arthritis at ages 19 and 21 years. His laboratory data showing impaired muscle glycolysis, increased hemolysis, and myogenic hyperuricemia had aspects in common with those reported for the classic form of this disease, except that lactate concentrations in his blood increased considerably after exercise. The mutant PFK enzyme of this patient, who was demonstrated to have a missense mutation, could exert some catalytic activity that permitted glycolytic flux in vivo, thus leading to the absence of typical myopathic symptoms. The association of relapsing gastric ulcer with muscle PFK deficiency was detected for the first time. There is a possibility that oxygen radical-induced tissue damage resulting from increased hypoxanthine on exertion plays a role in the pathogenesis of ulceration, since the patient is more tolerant to exercise than reported cases with the classic form of muscle PFK deficiency.
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PMID:A new variant case of muscle phosphofructokinase deficiency, coexisting with gastric ulcer, gouty arthritis, and increased hemolysis. 760 26


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