Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of a course-wise introduction of the sperm oil on the intensity of the proteinic synthesis in experimental gastric ulcer was investigated. Tests were conducted on albino male-rats in which an experimental gastric ulcer failing to heal for a long time had been induced through introduction of a 5% acetic acid solution into the subserous membrane of the stomach. The intensity of the proteinic synthesis in the liver and gastric mucosa was assessed by the rate of the glycine-14C and methionine-35S incorporation in the total, mitochondrial and nucleonic proteins on the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days of the experimental ulcer course. The sperm oil secured a more effective production and thereby created propicious conditions for an intensified proteinic synthesis. It also contributed to an earlier normalization of the proteinic synthesis rates and to a quicker cicatrization of the ulcerous defect.
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PMID:[Glycine-14C and methionine-35S incorporation into liver and gastric mucosa proteins during sperm oil treatment of experimental stomach ulcer]. 85 60

A case of primary gastric alveolar soft-part sarcoma is presented. The tumor was found in the gastric remnant of a 67-year-old male who had undergone partial gastrectomy due to hemorrhagic gastric ulcer 13 years before. It was located mostly in the submucosa arising from the muscularis propria. The large eosinophilic cells showed the characteristic alveolar compartmentalization and contained intracytoplasmic periodic acid-Schiff-positive granules and typical crystals. Numerous electron-opaque secretory granules in the tumor cell cytoplasm, in addition to crystals of 9 nm periodicity, were confirmed at the ultrastructural levels. Immunostaining failed to detect muscle-related antigens. In contrast, methionine-enkephalin and neuropeptide Y appeared positive in the tumor cells. Interstitial spindle cells showed an occasional positivity to S-100. This is the first case of such a tumor occurring in the gastrointestinal tract, and the findings suggest that gastric alveolar soft-part sarcomas may have a different origin from those arising in the skeleton.
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PMID:Primary alveolar soft-part sarcoma of stomach. 173 53

Previous studies of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the stomach are briefly reviewed. Exogenous HGF has a strong effect on proliferation and migration of gastric epithelial cells. These effects of HGF are mediated by the specific receptor c-MET. Our previous immunohistochemical study revealed that the main source of endogenous HGF in human gastric ulcer is gastric fibroblasts. These findings suggest that HGF may play an important role in the repair of gastric ulcers through a paracrine mechanism. Therefore, regulation of HGF expression by gastric fibroblasts may be important. We have demonstrated that prostaglandins (PGs) E1 and E2 strongly stimulate HGF expression by gastric fibroblasts, indicating that the clinical efficacy of PGs is mediated by HGF, PGE1 actually facilitates restitution in an in vitro gastric mucosal model consisting of gastric epithelial cells and fibroblasts, which was completely inhibited by anti-HGF antibody. In this study we investigated the effect of an anti-ulcer drug, sofalcone, on PGE2 release and HGF expression by human gastric fibroblasts in primary culture. Sofalcone induced PGE2 release by human gastric fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. It also stimulated HGF expression by gastric fibroblasts, indicating that PGs induced by sofalcone increased HGF expression. These findings suggest that clinical efficacy of PGs and sofalcone might be mediated, at least in part, by HGF.
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PMID:Effect of sofalcone on the expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and a brief review of HGF in the stomach. 947 23

Certain aspects of the use of CT, MR imaging and PET were evaluated in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) with the aim of determining whether these methods may provide practical guidance for improving the management of these patients. Subjective evaluation of the tumor pattern on CT images, and quantification of tracer uptake using 11C methionine (11C Met) and [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) PET in patients with NHL, were performed to determine their relations to malignancy grade. An inhomogeneous tumor pattern (I) was found on CT in 75% of high-grade tumors, whereas 68% of low-grade tumors were homogeneous (H). Sixteen (94%) of the 17 tumors with a severely inhomogeneous pattern (I) were high-grade NHL, while 22 (72%) of the 29 homogeneous tumors (H) were low-grade. All tumors were clearly visualized with both 11C Met and 18FDG PET. The uptake values for 18FDG were significantly-higher in high- than in low-grade tumors, while no significant differences between the prognostic groups were found for 11C Met. A subjective evaluation of the tumor pattern on CT and on MR images was performed. An inhomogeneity index (IH8) was also used in MR images to make a quantitative assessment of the degree of inhomogeneity to determine their relation to prognosis. Patients with localized NHL, treated with radiotherapy, had an excellent prognosis irrespective of the degree of inhomogeneity, while patients with generalized disease, treated with chemotherapy, had a poor prognosis if the tumors were heterogeneous. Among chemotherapy-treated patients, all 9 patients with high IH8 values (> 2.56) on MR images and 9 out of 11 patients with severe inhomogeneities on CT images died. All patients with gastric NHL except for one patient with low-grade NHL of the MALT type displayed high 18FDG uptake at PET corresponding to the pathological findings at endoscopy and/or CT. 18FDG correctly excluded gastric NHL in a patient with benign gastric ulcer, but was unable to discriminate between gastric NHL and gastric carcinoma. The results suggest that 18FDG PET may demonstrate the extension of NHL in the gastric wall more accurately than CT and endoscopy. The prognostic importance of the size of a residual mass after completion of chemotherapy, and of tumor regression rates during chemotherapy, was evaluated in patients with high-grade NHL. Neither a large tumor size before treatment nor a large residual tumor after treatment correlated with relapse. It appears, however, as if the response rate halfway through the therapy may predict the recurrence rate, although statistical significance was not reached.
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PMID:Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 964 67

Sangre de grado is an Amazonian herbal medicine used to facilitate the healing of gastric ulcers and to treat gastritis, diarrhea, skin lesions, and insect stings. This study was designed to evaluate the gastrointestinal applications. Gastric ulcers were induced in rats by brief serosal exposure of the fundus to acetic acid (80%). Sangre de grado was administered in drinking water at 1:1,000 and 1:10,000 dilutions from the postoperative period to day 7. Guinea pig ileum secretory responses to capsaicin, electrical field stimulation, and the neurokinin-1 (NK-1) agonist [Sar(9),Met(O(2))(11)]substance P were examined in Ussing chambers. Sangre de grado facilitated the healing of experimental gastric ulcer, reducing myeloperoxidase activity, ulcer size, and bacterial content of the ulcer. The expression of proinflammatory genes tumor necrosis factor-alpha, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and cyclooxygenase-2 was upregulated by ulcer induction but reduced by sangre de grado treatment, particularly iNOS and IL-6. In Ussing chambers, sangre de grado impaired the secretory response to capsaicin but not to electrical field stimulation or the NK-1 agonist. We conclude that sangre de grado is a potent, cost-effective treatment for gastrointestinal ulcers and distress via antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and sensory afferent-dependent actions.
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PMID:Treatment of gastric ulcers and diarrhea with the Amazonian herbal medicine sangre de grado. 1089 63

Exposure of stationary phase cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to 10 mM HCl (pH approximately 2) resulted in cell death as a function of time (up to 6 h) with most (about 40%-65%) of the cells showing apoptotic features including chromatin condensation along the nuclear envelope, exposure of phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of cytoplasmic membrane, and DNA fragmentation. During the first 2 h of acid exposure there was an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) level inside cells, with subsequent elevation in the level of lipid peroxidation and decrease in reducing equivalents culminating in loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)). An initial (1 h) event of mitochondrial hyper-polarization with subsequent elevation of ROS level of the acid treated cells was also observed. S-adenosyl-l-methionine (AdoMet; 1 mM) treatment increased the cell survival of the acid stressed cells. It partially scavenged the increased intracellular ROS level by supplementing glutathione through the transsulfuration pathway. It also inhibited acid mediated lipid peroxidation, partially recovered acid evoked loss of DeltaPsi(m) and protected the cells from apoptotic cell death. S-adenosyl di-aldehyde, an indirect inhibitor of the AdoMet metabolic pathway, increased mortality of the acid treated cells. Incubation of acid stressed cells with the antioxidant, N-acetyl-cysteine (1 mM), decreased the cellular mortality, but the same concentration of AdoMet offered more protection by scavenging the free radicals. The ability of AdoMet to scavenge ROS mediated apoptosis may be an important function of this molecule in responding to cellular stress. The study could open a new avenue for detailed investigation on the curative potential of AdoMet against gastric ulcer.
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PMID:Antiapoptotic role of S-adenosyl-l-methionine against hydrochloric acid induced cell death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 1844 88