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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We developed and evaluated a new procedure for imaging gastric ulcer disease with technetium 99m-labeled sucralfate. The new method employs direct in vivo labeling of sucralfate instead of in vitro labeling using human serum albumin, as previously reported in the literature. Tests using hydrochloric acid and a rabbit ulcer model showed the efficacy of the direct in vivo labeling technique and the ability of the tagged material to bind to ulcers, respectively. In 26 studies using humans with sucralfate labeled directly in vivo, 15 gave true-negative results and 11 gave true-positive results. Of 14 studies using humans with in vitro labeled sucralfate, three gave true-negative results, three gave true-positive results, and the results of eight were either false-negative or could not be interpreted because of high levels of activity remaining in the stomach. We suggest that the direct in vivo labeling method significantly improves the sucralfate gastric ulcer imaging technique.
Radiology 1985 Sep
PMID:Gastric ulcer localization by direct in vivo labeling of sucralfate. Work in progress. 383 88

A multicenter double-blind comparative trial of oral ranitidine, 300 mg hs versus 150 mg bid, was conducted in 89 patients with duodenal ulcer (DU) and 54 with gastric ulcer (GU). Antacid tablets were prescribed prn. After 4 wk of treatment there were no statistically significant differences in the ulcer healing rates associated with the once daily (DU 86.4%, GU 62.5%) and the twice daily (DU 84.4%, GU 73.3%) regimens. Antacid consumption, by both DU and GU patients, was higher in the 150 mg bid group, but the differences did not achieve statistical significance. Further improvement in cumulative healing rates in response to both treatment regimens was observed following a second 4-wk treatment for those patients whose ulcers had failed to heal during the 1st month. Smoking adversely affected the rate of ulcer healing in DU patients, but had no significant effect on GU healing. No serious adverse effects or biochemical abnormalities were observed. Ranitidine 300 mg hs appears to be equally safe and effective as the standard regimen of 150 mg bid in the short-term treatment of uncomplicated gastroduodenal ulcer.
Am J Gastroenterol 1985 Sep
PMID:A comparative trial of ranitidine 300 mg at night with ranitidine 150 mg twice daily in the treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcer. 389 18

Methylphenidate (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg/day) or saline were administered to rats in the activity-stress ulcer paradigm. Running-wheel activity and food consumption did not differ among groups. Methylphenidate produced dose-related increases in gastric ulcer severity, decreases in hypothalamic noradrenaline (NA) and increases in 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylethyleneglycol sulfate (MHPG-SO4) in the hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus and thalamus. These results differ markedly from the effects seen with a related substance, d-amphetamine, and suggest different mechanisms of action for these drugs.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1985 Sep
PMID:Methylphenidate effects on activity-stress gastric lesions and regional brain noradrenaline metabolism in rats. 404 33

Reflux of upper intestinal content to the gastric remnant after gastric resection is common and may cause damage to the gastric mucosa, resulting in gastritis, gastric ulcer, and possibly dysplasia. Different surgical procedures have been proposed to prevent reflux, among them Roux-en-Y diversion. In this study we have compared antrectomy followed by gastroduodenostomy (BI) with antrectomy followed by Roux-en-Y anastomosis with regard to enterogastric reflux. Reflux was recorded by cholescintigraphy, using a new method for quantification. In all patients biopsy specimens were taken for histopathological evaluation at gastroscopy. Twenty-seven patients were studied, 11 with gastroduodenostomy and 16 with Roux-en-Y diversion. All patients in the gastroduodenostomy group had reflux, compared with four in the Roux group (p less than 0.001). Under the light microscope all patients in the BI group showed a moderate to severe degree of inflammation compared with only seven in the Roux-en-Y group (p = 0.028). Our results show that Roux-en-Y drainage effectively diminishes reflux and may be an explanation for the lower extent of mucosal damage in these patients.
Scand J Gastroenterol 1985 Sep
PMID:Enterogastric reflux after gastric surgery. A comparison between gastroduodenostomy and Roux diversion. 404 37

Lysolecithin is formed when pancreatic juice and bile mix in the duodenum. Lysolecithin concentrations have been measured in intermittent samples of night gastric juice from patients with gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers and in normal controls. In gastric ulcer patients, the mean of the peak concentrations (444 mug/ml) and mean of concentrations in all samples (199 mug/ml) were significantly higher than in controls (34 mug/ml and 18 mug/ml respectively). Duodenal ulcer patients had normal or moderately raised values. The levels in gastric ulcer patients were as high as those which have been found experimentally to cause severe damage to the gastric mucosal barrier, and it is concluded that lysolecithin may be as important, or more important, than bile salts in the destruction of the gastric mucosal barrier and therefore in the aetiology of gastric ulcer.
Gut 1974 Sep
PMID:Lysolecithin: a factor in the pathogenesis of gastric ulceration? 443 85

A prospective study was made of 817 consecutive episodes of major gastrointestinal haemorrhage in patients admitted to hospital during 1967-8 from the defined population of North-East Scotland. The yearly admission rate was 116 per 100,000 population. Comparison of the data for city and country residents showed no appreciable differences. In the duodenal ulcer group there was an undue incidence of bleeding among foremen and skilled workers and among those who were unmarried or widowed.Both the clinical history and the results of any previous barium meal examinations were unreliable guides to the source of the current haemorrhage. Prognosis was worse for patients who did not have a dyspeptic history and was better for those who had bled on a previous occasion. The simultaneous ingestion of alcohol and aspirin had an adverse effect on the occurrence of bleeding. Forty-seven per cent. of the patients had another major coincidental disease.Mortality was 13.7% in the whole series and 8.6% in those with peptic ulcer (duodenal ulcer 7.1%, gastric ulcer 16.9%). In 28% of the patients further haemorrhage occurred after admission to hospital and caused a 28.8% mortality. Seventy-four patients were already in hospital when they first bled and 44% of them died.
Br Med J 1973 Sep 29
PMID:Epidemiology and course of gastrointestinal haemorrhage in North-east Scotland. 454 62

In order to investigate further the reported beneficial effect of deglycyrrhizinated liquorice in gastric ulcer, a trial with a double-blind, cross-over design was performed. The patients were treated during two consecutive periods of four weeks each with either liquorice extract during the first period and placebo during the second or placebo during the first period and liquorice during the second. Only patients with chronic ulcer disease were accepted for the trial. The dosage of the liquorice extract was 760 mg three times daily. During the first period 38 patients with 47 ulcers in the ventricle and during the second period 30 patients with 36 ulcers took part in the trial. The patients' sex, age, site of the ulcer in the ventricle, and ulcer size in the groups treated with liquorice and placebo during periods I and II were similar. Nor could any difference be shown between the groups treated with liquorice and placebo with respect to heredity, duration of ulcer disease, alcohol consumption, smoking, or the use of drugs. There was no tendency to quicker healing in either group as regards change of ulcer area or complete healing. Small ulcers healed more quickly than big ones. Ulcers at the angulus healed very poorly. No side effects of treatment were observed.Our study was not able to demonstrate any healing effect of the liquorice extract (Caved-S) on gastric ulcer.
Gut 1973 Sep
PMID:Double-blind trial of deglycyrrhizinated liquorice in gastric ulcer. 458 40

In Leeds and Copenhagen 271 patients were treated electively for duodenal ulcer by parietal cell vagotomy without drainage between 1969 and 1972 inclusive, with no operative deaths. 108 patients have been followed up 2-4 years since operation. Gastric stasis necessitating re-operation occurred in only 2 cases. Gastric ulcer developed in 2 cases, and in 3 cases recurrence of the duodenal ulcer was suspected but was unconfirmed at re-operation. Uncontrolled comparison with the results of partial gastrectomy and of vagotomy with drainage, as performed at these two centers, has shown that after parietal cell vagotomy without drainage there is a much lower incidence of dumping, diarrhea and bile vomiting, and, on overall assessment, a greater proportion of perfect or very good results.
Ann Surg 1974 Sep
PMID:Clinical results of parietal cell vagotomy (highly selective vagotomy) two to four years after operation. 485 Oct 51

Using a radiological test for pyloric regurgitation described by Capper, Airth, and Kilby (1966), it was confirmed that the pylorus is normally competent but incompetent in gastric ulcer and chronic alcoholic gastritis and often incompetent in chronic duodenal ulcer. The significance of pyloric regurgitation in the aetiology of gastric ulcer is discussed.
Gut 1970 Sep
PMID:Pyloric regurgitation and gastric ulcer. 547 3

In a group of 181 persons with a past history of chronic gastric ulcer, a greatly increased incidence of domestic and financial stress has been found, when compared with age-and sex-matched persons with no previous history of gastric ulcer. The consumption of aspirin, alcohol, and cigarettes was also significantly increased. Persons with chronic gastric ulcer were characterized by a personality pattern of independence and self sufficiency, and they are prone to anxiety and depression. This pattern was three times as common as in matched individuals without chronic gastric ulcer. It is possible that internal conflict between a genetic and an environmentally induced sex role, together with an inability to externalize aggression, may be significant factors in the causation of chronic gastric ulcer.
Gut 1970 Sep
PMID:Personality pattern and emotional stress in the genesis of gastric ulcer. 547 9


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