Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eleven male and five female gastric ulcer outpatients as well as twenty eight male and seven female duodenal ulcer outpatients received Proglumide (1200 mg/day) or magnesiumtrisilicate (1320 mg/day) in a prospective double blind study. The sizes of the ulcers were assessed by endoscopy before and after 4 weeks therapy. A complete healing of gastric ulcers was observed in 75% (n = 8) of the patients receiving Proglumide and 25% (n = 8) of the antacid treated controls (p less than 0.05; x2 test). The healed area was significantly (p less than 0.05) larger in the Proglumide 91 mm2) than in the anticida group (23 mm2). In addition, the half time of the ulcer-healing was significantly (p less than 0.05) shorter in the Proglumide treated patients (18 days and 26 days respectively). There was no significant effect of the drug on the duodenal ulcers. The spontaneous healing rate was 61% in the antacid (n = 18) and 59% in the Proglumide treated (n = 17) patients. The drug does not effect the basal and pentagastrin stimulated gastric secretion nor the serum gastrin concentration. No side effects on blood pressure, blood cell count, transaminases or blood glucose concentrations could be observed.
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PMID:Efficient treatment of gastric ulcer with proglumide (Milid) in outpatients (double blind trial). 38 97

The effect of three different doses of somatostatin on splanchnic blood flow (SBF) and on arterial plasma insulin, glucagon and glucose was determined. 125, 250 and 500 microgram/h of somatostatin was infused during 60 minutes in 3 groups of 6 patients undergoing arterial-hepatic-venous catheterization; no patient had clinical evidence of metabolitic or hepatic disease. Continuous infusion of 125 microgram/h somatostatin was without significant effect on SBF, whereas 250 microgram/h resulted in a mean 28% reduction of SBF (p less than 0.05). Doubling the dose to 500 microgram/h affected SBF similarly (21% reduction of SBF). In contrast, administration of all three doses of somatostatin suppressed the circulating insulin and glucagon levels significantly. In a recent report somatostatin had been administered in a dose of 250 microgram/h to control gastric ulcer hemorrhage. The present studies demonstrate that this dose results in a significant reduction of SBF which cannot be further depressed by increasing the dose.
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PMID:[Dosage dependence of the effect of somatostatin on human splanchnic blood flow]. 43 87

1. Ulcer disease cause a change of gastric emptying; in patients with gastric ulcer gastric emptying of a semisolid meal is delayed as well as in patients with stenosis in the pyloricregion; patients with an uncomplicated duodenal ulceration shows an accelerated gastric emptying. 2. Vagotomy results in relation to the type of vagotomy and to the degree of desection of anteral muscles a delay of gastric emptying of a semi solid and liquid food until over the 6th postoperative month. 3. After selective proximal vagotomy (SPV) the gastric emptying is also but shortly delayed. 4. There is a correlation between the disturbed gastric emptying after vagotomy and the altered absorption of glucose.
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PMID:[Gastric motility after vagotomy (author's transl)]. 50 57

The blood serum levels of gastrin and insulin and arterial blood levels of glucose were determined immediately before intravenous injection of 1 mg of glucagon, and 10, 20, 40 and 60 minutes later in 12 gastric ulcer patients, 14 duodenal ulcer patients and 12 controls using the radioimmunological and orthotoluidine methods respectively. Following glucagon administration the gastrin levels dropped in the controls and the gastrin patients, and increased in the duodenal patients by an average of 30%. Insulin levels increased in all three groups, but the increase was statistically significant in the two patients groups. Glucose levels in the blood also increased with no significant differences between the groups. It is suggested that the different effect of glucagon on gastrin levels may be due to gastrin-insulin interaction; the levels of the two hormones in the blood of duodenal patients were higher than in the other two groups studied.
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PMID:The effect of glucagon on the blood levels of gastrin, insulin and glucose in patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers. 52 17

Stress and allopurinol (ALL) were investigated in rats with regard to their influence on serum uric acid and glucose concentration, gastric secretion, microcirculation (MBF) and stress ulcer index. There is a non-competitive type of interaction between severe stress and ALL-mediated xanthine oxydase inhibition (= per cent fall in serum uric acid) as compared with control conditions (= mild stress). Vmax is different (84.6 +/- 1.9 and 92.3+/-2.26; P less than 0.05), but not Km (0.39 +/- 0.09 and 0.68 +/- 0.08 mg/kg/h ALL). Serum uric acid is higher in rats with draining gastric fistula than those with closed fistula suggesting that already mild stress is associated with an increase in uricemia in this species. ALL does not significantly alter gastric acid and uric acid secretion but improves markedly gastric ulcer index during mild and severe stress. Since MBF is significantly elevated by ALL during the latter circumstances, a dissociation between MBF and acid secretion is one feature of ALL actions and might become a primary aim in treatment of this disorder.
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PMID:Urate metabolism and gastric ulcerations in rats as influenced by stress and allopurinol. 56 51

1-(2',6'-Dimethylphenyl)-3-amidinourea hydrochloride (WHR-1142A, lidamidine hydrochloride), a potent, unique antidiarrheal agent, was tested for other pharmacological properties. It inhibited gastric acid secretion in both 4-h and 22-h pylorus-ligated rats and reduced mortality and gastric ulcer severity in the latter test. WHR-1142A also exhibited local anesthetic activity in the rabbit corneal reflex and guinea pig intradermal wheal tests and reverisbly blocked conduction in isolated frog nerves. Low doses of WHR-1142A increased plasma glucose concentration in fasted mice and rats and prolonged the hyperglycemia in response to a glucose meal. WHR-1142A showed mild diuretic activity but had no anti-inflammatory or antibacterial activity. The acute oral LD50 of WHR-1142A was 260 (208,328) mg/kg in male mice, 267 (212,336) mg/kg in male rats and 160 130,197) mg/kg in female rats.
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PMID:Pharmacological properties of lidamidine hydrochloride (WHR-1142A), a novel antidiarrheal agent. 58 38

Fourteen cases of gastric cancer, 9 cases of gastric polyp and 4 cases of gastric ulcer were studied on their tissues lipid-chemically with the aim to clarify the biochemical differences between malignant and benign growth of the human gastric tissue. Tissues were collected by surgical operation or a biopsy together with the normal tissues surrounding the lesions. One part of each tissue was subjected to histologic examination and the other part to lipid analyses by means of TLC and GLC. The total lipid content was dcreased in 71% of gastric cancerous cases and in 75% of both cases of gastric polyp and gastric ulcer as compared with the respective control tissues. The phospholipid fatty acid content of the lesions was decreased in 83% of cancerous cases but in 50% of polypous cases as compared with the respective control tissues. As for the phospholipid fatty acid composition, the percentage value of C20:4 was increased and the percentage value of C18:2 was decreased in gastric cancerous tissues when compared with those of gastric polypous tissues. Such a change of the phospholipid fatty acid composition may produce the change of the fluidity of the cell membrane and may provoke a malignant growth of human gastric cancer cells.
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PMID:Lipid-chemical features of human gastric cancerous, polypous and ulcerative tissues. 60 46

Uninvolved gastric mucosa from duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, and gastric cancer patients was incubated with [1-14C]glucose and [6-14C]glucose in order to assess the relative contributions of the pentose phosphate pathway and Krebs cycle to glucose metabolism. [14C]Glucose counts retained by the tissue, glycolysis, and pyruvate formation were also measured. Tumor tissue from the cancer patients was included in the study. Less than 1.2% of the glucose entering the tissues was metabolized via the pentose phosphate pathway; suggesting that this pathway plays a minor role in energy production from glucose. The major determinant of energy production was the Krebs cycle. Its contribution to glucose metabolism was greatest in the body mucosa of duodenal ulcer patients, less in the uninvolved body mucosa of gastric ulcer patients, and lower still in the corresponding body mucosa of gastric cancer patients. The low levels of Krebs cycle activity seen in the latter tissue resembled those of uninvolved antral mucosa. The smallest Krebs cycle contribution was seen in tumor tissue. [14C]Glucose counts retained by the tissue and glycolysis both tended to vary inversely with Krebs cycle activity among the tissues studied. Thus, both were small in the body mucosa of noncancer patients and somewhat larger in the body mucosa of cancer patients, in uninvolved antral mucosa and in tumor tissue.
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PMID:Krebs cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, and glycolysis in the uninvolved gastric mucosa of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer patients. 91 74

The output and concentration of gastric glycoproteins in gastric juice from patients with chronic duodenal and gastric ulcer and from controls, have been determined in the basal state and following pentagastrin stimulation. Patients with gastric ulcer had a significantly higher basal glycoprotein output, basal glycoprotein concentration and stimulated glycoprotein concentration than patients with duodenal ulcer or controls. The basal and stimulated glycoprotein output in gastric juice from patients with duodenal ulcer and controls was independent of ABO blood group and secretor status. The carbohydrate composition of the gastric glycoproteins has also been determined in the basal state, and following stimulation of gastric juice by pentagastrin, which did not influence the carbohydrate composition of the molecules. The principal carbohydrate components were galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, fucose, N-acetylgalactosamine, and sialic acid. Small amounts of mannose and glucose were detected in some gastric glycoprotein samples. The carbohydrate composition of the glycoproteins varied according to the ABO blood group and secretor status of the individual. Glycoproteins form stimulated gastric juice from non-secretors of groups A and O had a higher sialic acid content than glycoproteins from secretors of the same blood groups. There were no significant differences in the carbohydrate composition of glycoproteins from patients with chronic gastric and duodenal ulcer compared with gastric glycoproteins from control subjects of the same blood group and secretor status.
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PMID:Gastric glycoproteins in chronic peptic ulcer. 106 83

The course reviews the present status in the field of Vagotomy with reference to pathophysiology, gastrin release, anatomy, neural changes in the antrum, acid secretion, GI hormones, gastric motility, pepsin concentration, mucus production, O2 tension in the gastric mucosa, changes in the numbers of parietal cells, glucose tolerance, indications, diagnosis, necessity for drainage, acute complications, exclusion of malignancy in gastric ulcer; technique, intraoperative tests, results with TV, SV with antrectomy, recurrences, SPV and pyroplasty (controlled study), training. Nonresecting surgery of GDU is possible if vagotomy (SPV) and drainage (pyloroplasty) are correctly combined.
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PMID:[Vagotomy (author's transl)]. 120 35


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