Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The conventional treatment of peptic ulcer disease with special dietary regimens, antacids or anticholinergics has been found wanting. Recently introduced agents show considerable promise in the benefit they can render. Carbenoxolone accelerates the healing of gastric ulcers by increasing gastric mucosal resistance. Cimetidine, a histamine HI-receptor antagonist, is an effective suppressant of acid secretion and therefore promotes healing of duodenal ulcers. Metoclopramide hastens gastric emptying and increases the tone of the gastroesophageal sphincter, and is valuable in cases of reflux esophagitis and gastric ulcer.
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PMID:Symposium on peptic ulcer disease. 1. Medical treatment of peptic ulcer. 57 7

Metoclopramide, 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxy-N-(2-diethyl-aminoethyl) benzamide, is advocated for use in gastro-intestinal diagnostics, and in treating various types of vomiting and a variety of functional and organic gastro-intestinal disorders. Published data have indicated that metoclopramide assists radiological identification of lesions in the small intestine, facilitates duodenal intubation and small intestine biopsy, and eases emergency endoscopy in upper gastro-intestinal haemorrhage. Metoclopramide reduces post-operative vomiting and radiation sickness, and ameliorates some types of drug-induced vomiting. It may provide symptomatic relief in dyspepsia and possibly in vertigo, reflux oesophagitis and hiccups, but further controlled trials are needed to confirm the efficacy of metoclopramide in these proposed areas of use. It promotes gastric emptying prior to anaesthesia. Its effects in healing gastric ulcer and preventing relapse of duodenal ulcer remain unproven. Side-effects are few and transient, though alarming extrapyramidal reactions can occur in a small proportion of patients receiving therapeutic doses but more usually following excessive doses in young subjects. They respond rapidly to withdrawal of the drug.
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PMID:Metoclopramide: a review of its pharmacological properties and clinical use. 78 7

Factors implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer were studied simultaneously in seven patients with strictly defined type 1 gastric ulcer (single benign ulcer above the incisura of the stomach) and in six healthy controls. After ingestion of an ordinary solid-liquid meal, patients with gastric ulcer demonstrated gastric hyposecretion of acid, pepsin, and water; delayed gastric emptying of solids with normal emptying of liquids; and increased intragastric concentrations of bile acids. These functional abnormalities appear to be interrelated. Metoclopramide, administered orally in a double-blind fashion, ameliorated the defect in the emptying of solids and the high concentrations of bile acid in the gastric contents. The ability of this drug to break this interdependent cycle suggests the need for further clinical investigation.
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PMID:Dysfunctions of the stomach with gastric ulceration. 677 31

Background This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the position of an acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer and the effects of prokinetic drugs on gastric emptying. Materials and Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Acetic acid ulcers were induced either in the region between the fundus and pylorus on the anterior wall of the stomach or in the glandular region on the greater curvature of the stomach to determine whether there were regional differences in the effect of the ulcers. Gastric emptying was evaluated with a breath test using [1-13C] acetic acid. In addition, the effects of the prokinetic drugs, metoclopramide and mosapride, on gastric emptying were also evaluated. Results Acetic acid induced ulcers in the region between the fundus and pylorus on the anterior wall of the stomach significantly delayed gastric emptying as compared with control rats, but not the acetic acid induced ulcers in the glandular region on the greater curvature of the stomach. Metoclopramide and mosapride did not improve the delayed gastric emptying even at doses that enhanced gastric emptying in normal rats. Conclusion These findings show that gastric emptying is influenced by the position of the ulcer and the region between the fundus and pylorus on the anterior wall plays an important role in gastric emptying. Moreover, it was found that metoclopramide and mosapride do not improve the delayed gastric emptying caused by acetic acid ulcers induced on the anterior wall in the region between the fundus and pylorus.
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PMID:Gastric emptying after artificial ulceration in rats: differences due to the site of the ulcer and the effects of prokinetic drugs. 2865 16