Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

110 patients with benign gastric ulcer and concomitant joint diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthrosis) were treated in a comparative short-term clinical trial to assess the relative efficacy of calcitonin (daily 100 MRC of salmon calcitonin intramuscularly), cimetidine (daily 1000 mg orally) and colloidal bismuth subcitrate (De-Nol-four times a day in doses of 5 ml diluted with 15 ml of water). Groups of patients were comparable according to age, sex, duration of ulcer disease, smoking habits, gastric acid secretion and mean ulcer size. The ulcer healing was controlled endoscopically after 2 and 4 weeks of the treatment. There was no significant difference in the ulcer healing rate between three groups neither after 2 weeks (calcitonin-36.7% of healed ulcers, cimetidine-37.5% and De-Nol-35.0% nor after 4 weeks respectively (76.7%, 72.5% and 77.5%). In the calcitonin group a gradual joint pain relief was observed in 84% of patients who complained arthralgia. The moderate side effects (headache, nausea, flush) were observed only in the patients treated with calcitonin (8 subjects). We suggest that calcitonin may be considered as a valid anti-ulcer drug in the peptic ulcer patients with concomitant rheumatological diseases especially with osteoporosis.
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PMID:Calcitonin versus cimetidine or De-Nol in gastric ulcer treatment. An endoscopically controlled trial. 307 78

Midkine is a newly cloned growth-promoting factor for fibroblastic cells. This study was performed to investigate the possible role of midkine in the stomach. Rats with acute or chronic gastric mucosal lesions were used. Histologically, acute mucosal lesions are not accompanied by the formation of granulation tissue; conversely, chronic mucosal lesions are accompanied by the formation of granulation tissue. The expression of the midkine gene was found in the normal intact gastrointestinal tract, especially the submucosal and muscle layers. Midkine mRNA increased during the healing stage of chronic gastric ulcer accompanied by a fibroblastic reaction. Furthermore, the fibroblast cell line MRC-5 expressed midkine mRNA strongly. Therefore, midkine may have some role in the healing of gastric deep ulcers that is accompanied by fibroblast proliferation.
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PMID:Midkine gene expression in the healing process of gastric ulcer. 1021 65

The resin from the tree Araucaria araucana (Araucariaceae) has been used since pre-columbian times by the Mapuche amerindians to treat ulcers. The gastroprotective effect of the resin was assessed in the ethanol-HCl-induced gastric ulcer in mice showing a dose-dependent gastroprotective activity at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg per os. The main three diterpene constituents of the resin, namely imbricatolic acid, 15-hydroxyimbricatolal and 15-acetoxyimbricatolic acid were isolated and evaluated for gastroprotective effect at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg. A dose-related gastroprotective effect with highly significant activity (P<0.01) was observed at doses up to 200 mg/kg. At 100 mg/kg, the highest gastroprotective activity was provided by 15-hydroxyimbricatolal and 15-acetoxyimbricatolic acid, all of them being as active as the reference drug lansoprazole at 20 mg/kg. The cytotoxicity of the main diterpenes as well as lansoprazole was studied towards human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) and determined by the MTT reduction assay. A concentration-dependent cell viability inhibition was found with IC50 values ranging from 125 up to 290 microM. Our results support the traditional use of the Araucaria araucana resin by the Mapuche culture.
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PMID:Gastroprotective effect of the Mapuche crude drug Araucaria araucana resin and its main constituents. 1598 51

The gastroprotective activity of the diterpene ferruginol isolated from Prumnopitys andina wood and bark was determined on HCl/EtOH-induced gastric lesions in mice. The effect of the compound on the healing of subacute gastric lesions in rats was also studied. The mode of action of the diterpene was assessed using human gastric epithelial cells (AGS) and MRC-5 fibroblasts. The effect of ferruginol on the prostaglandin E2 content, protection against sodium taurocholate induced-damage and reduced glutathione content was evaluated on AGS cells as well as on the growth of AGS and fibroblast cultures. The free radical scavenging effect of ferruginol was assessed by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil radical and superoxide anion assays. The effect of ferruginol on human erythrocyte membrane lipoperoxidation was determined. The cytotoxicity of the compound was assessed by means of the neutral red uptake. At 25 mg/kg, ferruginol inhibited the appearance of gastric lesions by 60% showing similar effects than lansoprazole at 20 mg/kg. Additionally, the compound displayed a significant ulcer healing activity in rats at 25 and 50 mg/kg with curative ratios of 36.0% and 92.5%, respectively, while the reference compound ranitidine at 50 mg/kg showed a curative ratio of 79.6%. At 6 and 12 microM, ferruginol increased significantly the prostaglandin E2 content. A strong inhibition of lipoperoxidation was found (IC50: 1.4 microM), but no effect was observed on the sodium taurocholate induced-damage or reduced glutathione content. Ferruginol stimulated cell proliferation at 1-2 microM in AGS cells and at 4-8 microM in fibroblasts, with cytotoxicities (IC50) of 24 and 26 microM, respectively. Our results support that ferruginol acts as gastroprotective increasing the PGs content, protecting the cells against lipid peroxidation and improving the gastric ulcer healing by a stimulating effect on the cell proliferation. These findings encourage further pharmacological studies of ferruginol as a potential new anti-ulcerogenic drug.
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PMID:Gastroprotective and ulcer healing effect of ferruginol in mice and rats: assessment of its mechanism of action using in vitro models. 1630 8

The diterpene ferruginol has shown a strong protective effect in animal gastric ulcer models. In the present work, we report the gastroprotective effect and cytotoxicity of 16 new semisynthetic ester derivatives of ferruginol. The gastroprotective effect of these compounds was assessed with the HCl/EtOH-induced gastric lesions model in mice and the cytotoxicity was measured using MRC-5 fibroblasts, gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) and liver hepatoma Hep G2 cells. The compounds were tested for a gastroprotective effect at a single oral dose of 20 mg/kg. The best gastroprotective effect was elicited by ferruginyl nicotinate ( 13), reducing the lesion index by 71 %, while the derivatives ferruginyl chloroacetate ( 2), ferruginyl palmitate ( 6), ferruginyl oleate ( 7), ferruginyl 3,5-dinitrobenzoate ( 11), ferruginyl 3-methylbenzofuran-2-carbonyl ester ( 12), ferruginyl indoleacetate ( 14), ferruginyl indolebutyrate ( 15) and ferruginyl pthalate ( 16) reduced the lesions by 49 - 66 %. The most promising compounds were 11, 13 and 14, presenting a gastroprotective effect higher or similar to that of ferruginol but with a high selectivity towards the tumor AGS cells. Among the three products, the most selective towards AGS cells was 14, followed by 13, and 11 (IC (50) values of 12, 22 and 29 microM, respectively). The isobutyrate 4, inactive as a gastroprotective agent, showed selective cytotoxicity against AGS and Hep G2 cells (IC (50) values of 60 and 39.2 microM, respectively). The cytotoxicity of the above cited compounds towards fibroblasts was >1000 microM. Considering the aliphatic esters of ferruginol, the best gastroprotective activity was found in the C (16) and C (18) derivatives but tended to decrease with increasing aliphatic chain unsaturation. For short-chain esters, the gastroprotective effect could be observed when the chain contained a chlorine atom. For aromatic esters, the presence of nitro groups or a nitrogen atom in the aromatic ring enhanced the gastroprotective activity. The compounds with the best gastroprotective effect and the highest selectivity against tumor cells bear an amino group (indoleacetate and nicotinate) or nitro group (3,5-dinitrobenzoate).
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PMID:New gastroprotective ferruginol derivatives with selective cytotoxicity against gastric cancer cells. 1849 84