Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Various criteria in gastric analysis currently used for the diagnosis of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome were assessed in cases of endoscopically normal gastric mucosa, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. New criteria consisting of BSV greater than 350 ml/hr, BAO greater than 25 mEq/hr, MAO greater than 60 mEq/hr, and BAO/MAO greater than 0.7 were proposed to differentiate the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and peptic ulcer.
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PMID:Significance of gastric analysis with particular reference to the diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. 118 27

A different pathophysiological mechanism is widely accepted for gastric and duodenal ulcer. In particular, the exact role of gastrin in the determinism of non hormono-dependent peptic ulcer disease is not completely clarified. Therefore, the aim of present study was to analyse fasting and post-prandial serum gastrin levels in 99 duodenal ulcer patients, 17 gastric ulcer patients and 11 subjects presenting an association of gastric and duodenal ulcer. The possible correlation between post-prandial gastrin concentrations and basal and maximal acid output in the 3 fasting serum gastrin levels appear not different among the 3 classes of patients, while post-prandial gastrin concentrations are statistically higher at 15 minutes in duodenal ulcer patients and in subjects with the association of gastric and duodenal ulcer as compared to gastric ulcer patients. Mean fasting and stimulated gastrin levels are higher in gastric ulcer females than in males during the entire test and with statistically difference at 30 minutes. The concentrations of the hormone are not different in males of the 3 groups of patients at basal time, while are statistically lower at 15 and 30 minutes in gastric ulcer males compared to the males with duodenal ulcer and the association of the localization. Finally, positive correlation has been observed between BAO and MAO and post-prandial gastric concentrations in the 3 groups of patients, while there is an inverse correlation between the previous parameters as regards sex, both in gastric and duodenal ulcer.
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PMID:[Basal and postprandial blood gastrin in peptic ulcer. The physiopathological aspects in relation to different sites of the lesion]. 201 11

Basal and pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid secretions were measured in 20 patients with duodenal ulcer before and after one week of treatment with oral omeprazole 20 mg daily. Omeprazole markedly inhibited gastric acid secretion in all the patients. The mean basal intragastric pH rose from 1.6 to 6.3, and the BAO and MAO were reduced by 86.9% and 83.9% respectively on day 7 of the study. We also conducted a clinical trial in 63 duodenal and 12 gastric ulcer patients. Each patient received 20 mg omeprazole. 98% of the patients were free of pain within first week of the treatment. After 2, 4 and 6 weeks of treatment, the healing rates of duodenal ulcer were 81.3%, 96.8% and 100% respectively, and those of gastric ulcer were 50%, 91.7% and 100% respectively. The drug was well tolerated and no side effect was observed.
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PMID:[Omeprazole in peptic ulceration: acid inhibition and endoscopic healing]. 263 88

Acid secretion in both basal and stimulated states (using augmented histalog test) was studied in 31 normal control patients, 64 duodenal ulcer patients and 101 gastric ulcer patients. Having had the result of acid output study, the 64 DU patients could be classified according to their acid secretion results as 35 DU type I or Normosecretor (54.7%) and 29 DU type II or Hypersecretor (45.3%). For the GU patients which were classified according to the sites of lesions as GU type I (GU above angulus), GU type II (GU associated with DU) and GU type III (GU below the angulus). Their acid output study showed that the GU type I had a rather low BAO and a high MAO close to that of the Normosecretor, but the GU type II and III had their BAO and MAO significantly higher than that of the normal control and close to that of the Hypersecretor. Comparison of acid secretion in this study group to other racial groups showed that the Thai population had acid secretion patterns close to other Asian populations, except that the Chinese in Singapore had a higher proportion of Normosecretor (69.0%) than Hypersecretor (31%). The MAO of the Asian population was found to be lower than that of Europeans.
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PMID:Gastric acid secretion in Thai patients with particular reference to the characteristics differentiating types of gastric and duodenal ulcer. 779 19

The mechanism by which Helicobacter pylori (Hp) predisposes to duodenal and gastric ulcers remains still unclear. It is possible that Hp infection impaires gastric secretion. Evaluation of gastric acid and mucus secretion before and after Hp eradication would let to estimate the influence of Hp infection on gastric secretion. To evaluate the effect of Hp infection on gastric acid and gastric mucous secretion before and one year after Hp eradication. We examined 28 Hp positive peptic ulcer disease patients (10-gastric ulcer GU, 18-duodenal ulcer DU) before and one year after antibacterial treatment. Gastric acid output was examined basely (BAO) and in response to pentagastrin (6 micrograms/kg) (MAO) using Kay's standard method. Some components of gastric mucus as fucose, galactose, hexosamines and sialic acid were measured using calorimetric methods basaly and after pentagastrin stimulation. Plasma gastrin concentration was measured in 20 patients (6-GU, 14-DU) by radioimmunoassay before and one year after eradication. Hp status was determined by rapid urease test (CLO) and histology (Giemsa stain). One year after Hp successful eradication gastric acid secretion was significantly reduced-BAO: 3,31 vs 1,474 mmol/h; MAO: 19,63 vs 14,85 mmol/h, p < 0.05. Plasma gastrin concentration decreased significantly from 9,783 to 6,017 pmol/I, p < 0.05. In patients with ineffective eradication we did not observe any significant changes in gastric acid secretion. An evident, but not statistically significant, decrease of sialic acid output in eradicated patients was noted. The study has shown the significant influence of Hp infection on gastric acid secretion. Those results support the hypothesis that increased gastric acid secretion may be one of the pathogenic mechanism of Hp infection inducing mucosal damage.
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PMID:Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric secretion in duodenal and gastric ulcer patients--the effect of eradication after one year. 937 18

Siotone (ST) is a herbal formulation comprising of Withania somnifera, Ocimum sanctum, Asparagus racemosus, Tribulus terristris and shilajit, all of which are classified in Ayurveda as rasayanas which are reputed to promote physical and mental health, improve defence mechanisms of the body and enhance longevity. These attributes are similar to the modern concept of adaptogenic agents, which are, known to afford protection of the human physiological system against diverse stressors. The present study was undertaken to investigate the adaptogenic activity of ST against chronic unpredictable, but mild, footshock stress induced perturbations in behaviour (depression), glucose metabolism, suppressed male sexual behaviour, immunosuppression and cognitive dysfunction in CF strain albino rats. Gastric ulceration, adrenal gland and spleen weights, ascorbic acid and corticosterone concentrations of adrenal cortex, and plasma corticosterone levels, were used as the stress indices. Panax ginseng (PG) was used as the standard adaptogenic agent for comparison. Additionally, rat brain levels of tribulin, an endogenous endocoid postulated to be involved in stress, were also assessed in terms of endogenous monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and MAOB inhibitory activity. Chronic unpredictable footshock induced marked gastric ulceration, significant increase in adrenal gland weight and plasma corticosterone levels, with concomitant decreases in spleen weight, and concentrations of adrenal gland ascorbic acid and corticosterone. These effects were attenuated by ST (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and PG (100 mg/kg, p.o.), administered once daily over a period of 14 days, the period of stress induction. Chronic stress also induced glucose intolerance, suppressed male sexual behaviour, induced behavioural depression (Porsolt's swim despair test and learned helplessness test) and cognitive dysfunction (attenuated retention of learning in active and passive avoidance tests), and immunosuppression (leucocyte migration inhibition and sheep RBC challenged increase in paw oedema in sensitized rats). All these chronic stress-induced perturbations were attenuated, dose-dependently by ST (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and PG (100 mg/kg, p.o.). Chronic stress-induced increase in rat brain tribulin activity was also reversed by these doses of ST and by PG. The results indicate that ST has significant adaptogenic activity, qualitatively comparable to PG, against a variety of behavioural, biochemical and physiological perturbations induced by unpredictable stress, which has been proposed to be a better indicator of clinical stress than acute stress parameters. The likely contribution of the individual constituents of ST in the observed adaptogenic action of the polyherbal formulation, have been discussed.
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PMID:Adaptogenic activity of Siotone, a polyherbal formulation of Ayurvedic rasayanas. 1121 27

Multiple kinds of monoamine-based antidepressants have been shown prophylactic effects in experimentally induced gastric ulcer. The loss of redox homeostasis plays a principle role in the development of peptic mucosal damage. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases are one of the most important sources of reactive oxygen species within the gastrointestinal tract. It is unclear whether there are some common NADPH oxidases modulated by monoamine-based antidepressants in different gastric mucosal damage models. We explored the effects of selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) duloxetine on the reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant capacity in the gastric mucosa of water immersion restraint (WIRS) or indomethacin treated rats, and examined the role of NADPH oxidases in the protective effects. Pretreated duloxetine prevented the increase of gastric mucosal NADPH oxidase activity and NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin dose-dependently protected gastric mucosa from damage by the two factors. Furthermore, dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) and NADPH oxidase4 (NOX4) are involved in the protective effects of duloxetine in both models. We then examined NADPH oxidases expression modulated by the other monoamine-based antidepressants including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs) fluoxetine, tricyclic agent (TCAs) amitriptyline and monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOs) moclobemide in the two models, and all the three antidepressants reduced the DUOX2 expression in the gastric mucosa. So DUOX2 was a common modulator in the preventive effects of all the monoamine-based antidepressants on WIRS- and indomethacin-induced gastric lesion. Our work provided a peripheral joint molecular target for monoamine modulatory antidepressants, which may be helpful to reveal the mechanisms of this kind of drugs more than monoamine regulation.
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PMID:DUOX2, a common modulator in preventive effects of monoamine-based antidepressants on water immersion restraint stress- and indomethacin- induced gastric mucosal damage. 3213 Oct 22