Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Carbenoxolone is a potent ulcer-healing drug which is extensively bound to plasma proteins and therefore has the potential for displacement interaction. However, carbenoxolone has been shown to be bound to human serum albumin in vitro at a different class of binding site to many other drugs and does not potentiate the pharmacological activity of warfarin, tolbutamide, chlorpropamide or phenytoin in the rat. In the present study four volunteers each received a single 100 mg dose of Biogastrone and the plasma half-life of carbenoxolone was determined. The procedure was repeated with a concurrent dose of either warfarin 10 mg, tolbutamide 500 mg, chlorpropamide 250 mg or phenytoin 100 mg. Chlorpropamide appeared to delay the absorption of carbenoxolone but no effects were observed with the other drugs. The study with concomitant chlorpropamide treatment was repeated with 6 gastric ulcer patients on an established Biogastrone regimen. In these patients the delayed absorption of carbenoxolone was confirmed although no changes in the glucose-lowering activity of chlorpropamide were evident. Further investigations into this findings are in progress.
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PMID:Carbenoxolone interactions in man--preliminary report. 693 39

Between 1970 and 1979, 140 patients aged between 19 and 84 years with endoscopically confirmed gastric ulcer (GU), were treated with Biogastrone in reducing doses for 6 months. They received a daily dose of 300 mg for one week, 150 mg for 5 weeks, 100 mg for 6 weeks and 50 mg for the remainder of the 6 months. All the patients were reviewed at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 32, and 38 weeks and thereafter every 3 months or earlier in the event of significant dyspepsia. The anticipated recurrence rate of GU of approximately 42% at 2 years (3) was nearly halved to 26.7% over a median follow-up of 36 months in 140 cases completing the full six months course of treatment. The incidence of side effects was as follows: (i) A weight gain of 3.5 kg or more was seen in 23% of the patients at 2 weeks; this effect was maintained through the 6 month period. (ii) Oedema was noted in 14% of the patients at 2 weeks but declined to a 2% incidence by the end of the study. (iii) Elevated diastolic blood pressure in 14--18% of patients below 60 years and 20--27% patients above 60 years of age was noted throughout the study period. A high proportion of patients (38%) receiving other therapy had hypertension prior to the trial period; Carbenoxolone treatment had little further effect on blood pressure in these patients. (iv) Hypokalaemia was noted in the early stages of treatment especially in those over 60 years (43%). The incidence declined with the reduction in dosage through the 6 month treatment period. All side effects were successfully treated by diuretics and potassium supplements.
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PMID:Long-term therapy with carbenoxolone in the prevention of recurrence of gastric ulcer. Natural history and evolution of important side-effects and measures to avoid them. 693 41

Carbenoxolone was compared with placebo in a randomised double-blind study involving 40 patients with gastric ulcer (20 each in the treated and placebo groups). The evaluation was based on eight variables. The endoscopic findings on completion of 4 or 6 weeks of treatment, revealed greater improvement in response to carbenoxolone than to placebo. The difference was statistically significant at the previously fixed level of significance of p less than 0.05. The plasma potassium level fell significantly in the treated group but the actual reduction of 7% was slight. No statistically significant differences were measured in any of the other variables, i.e. plasma sodium, SGOT, SGPT, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, bodyweight, or oedema formation.
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PMID:Carbenoxolone patients with gastric ulcers. A double-blind trial. 701 May 29

Antinuclear effects of geranylgeranylacetone (GGA), new acyclic polyisoprenoid, on several types of experimental gastric and duodenal ulcers were studied in rats. The prophylactic administration of GGA (50--200 mg/kg p.o. or 12.5--50 mg/kg i.p.) reduced the gastric ulcers induced by the exposure to cold-restraint stress and by the administration of indomethacin, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), prednisolone or reserpine and the duodenal ulcer after the administration of cysteamine, although it was not effective against Shay's ulcer. The curative treatment with GGA accelerated the healing process of the gastric ulcers induced by the topical application of acetic acid or thermocautery and by the administration of ASA with the exposure to cold-restraint stress. The antinuclear effect of GGA was more distinct than that of gefarnate in all types of experimental models studied. Carbenoxolone effectively reduced the gastric ulcer formation by cold-restraint stress when it was administered i.p. but not p.o., whereas GGA was effective either i.p. or p.o. GGA and gefarnate did not affect the gastric secretion in pylorus-ligated rats, whereas carbenoxolone definitely reduced the secretion of gastric juice and acid. Hexosamine content in the stomach was reduced by the exposure to cold-restraint stress. The pretreatment with GGA prevented the reduction in hexosamine contents in the superepithelial mucous layer and mucosal layer. These results may suggest a high possibility that GGA is useful for clinical treatment of peptic ulcers, probably through a mechanism of increasing defence force of the gastric mucosa.
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PMID:Antiulcer effect of geranylgeranylacetone, a new acyclic polyisoprenoid on experimentally induced gastric and duodenal ulcers in rats. 719 39


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