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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Results of a multicenter prospective study on the relationships between benign gastric ulcer, Candida, and medical treatment is reported. In a group of 66 patients, mycetes were seen in six cases (9.1%). Candida-contaminated ulcers were diagnosed solely by histological examination, with periodic acid-Schiff staining being more effective than hematoxylin and eosin staining. All contaminated ulcers were healed by treatment either with cimetidine alone, or combined cimetidine-carbenoxolone, without antimycotics. No cases of Candida-contaminated ulcers were seen after 6 wk of treatment. The finding of contamination was more common in older patients. Under the conditions of our study, Candida-contamination of benign gastric ulcers does not affect the rate of healing, does not need specific treatment, and has no particular endoscopic features. Cimetidine or carbenoxolone treatment was not associated with persistence of the fungus.
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PMID:A prospective study of relationships between benign gastric ulcer, Candida, and medical treatment. 636 99

Anti-ulcerogenic effects of trimoprostil, a prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) derivative, were studied in comparison with those of PGE2, cimetidine and sulpiride. Trimoprostil and PGE2 given p.o. prevented the formation of gastric lesions produced by absolute ethanol, 0.2N NaOH, 0.6N HCI and hypertonic NaCl solutions in rats and aspirin-induced fecal occult bleeding in dogs. Although both prostaglandins did not alter the gastric mucus content, they equivalently prevented the stress-induced decrease in the mucus content in rats. The duration of these effects of trimoprostil was longer than those of PGE2. Cimetidine and sulpiride did not exert such cytoprotective effects. Trimoprostil inhibited stress-induced gastric ulcer formation in rats more markedly than PGE2, cimetidine and sulpiride. Trimoprostil and PGE2 at the cytoprotective dose (30 micrograms/kg, p.o.) did not change the gastric blood flow in conscious rats. In Shay rats, trimoprostil at doses larger than the cytoprotective doses inhibited the gastric acid secretion when given p.o., but was not effective when given i.d. PGE2 exerted the similar action, but the potency was clearly weaker than that of trimoprostil. In Heidenhain-pouch dogs, trimoprostil also inhibited the gastric acid secretion stimulated by pentagastrin more markedly than did cimetidine. In conclusion, trimoprostil at doses smaller than the antisecretory doses exerted gastric cytoprotective action with a longer duration than that of PGE2, probably through the preservation of the mucus barrier. Such cytoprotection was not found with cimetidine and sulpiride.
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PMID:[Anti-ulcerogenic and cytoprotective effects of trimoprostil (Ro 21-6937), a trimethylprostaglandin E2 derivative]. 660 97

An open study was conducted to assess the efficacy of Cimetidine one gram daily in the treatment of peptic ulcer amongst outpatients in Singapore. Forty patients with duodenal ulcer and fourteen patients with gastric ulcer were entered into the study. Ulcer healing was assessed by endoscopy. At six weeks 85% of duodenal ulcers and 64% of gastric ulcers healed. Although the study is uncontrolled the figures suggest that Cimetidine I gram daily is effective in the treatment of duodenal ulcer in Singapore outpatients. The efficacy of Cimetidine in gastric ulcer, however requires further study.
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PMID:The use of one gram daily cimetidine in the treatment of peptic ulcer in Singapore. 667 36

Cimetidine, N"-cyano-N-methyl-N'-[2[[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl) methyl]-thio]ethyl]guanidine, is a specific histamine H2-receptor antagonist drug that is widely used in medicine to treat gastric ulcer disease and other pathological hypersecretory states. To study the bioavailability of cimetidine, it was necessary to develop a rapid and reliable high-performance liquid chromatography procedure for quantitating the drug in body fluids. In this new procedure, cimetidine is adsorbed directly from urine or plasma, without prior clean-up, on to a mini-column prepacked with C18 material (Sep-Pak C18 cartridge). Acetonitrile is used to elute the drug, and the eluate is analyzed by high-performance reversed-phase liquid chromatography on a Partisil 10 ODS column, with an aqueous phosphate-methanol mixture as the mobile phase and UV detection at 228 nm. This method for analyzing cimetidine in body fluids is rapid, accurate and precise and differs from previously reported methods in that it eliminates the need for performing bothersome single or multiple, dualphase solvent extractions. Moreover, slight modifications in the composition of the mobile phase permit the simultaneous determination of cimetidine metabolites.
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PMID:Bioanalysis of cimetidine by high-performance liquid chromatography. 686 23

Fourteen gastric ulcer patients were submitted to treatment with Cimetidine. They were endoscopically controlled before the beginning of treatment and at the third and sixth week. In the first phase of the investigation, cimetidine was given in a dosage of 1.0 g/day. At the end of the 3rd week, those patients who showed a reduction of less than 50% on the size of the ulcer had the cimetidine doses increased to 1.6 g/day. The second phase started with nine patients which healed at the end of the six weeks. These patients were randomly allocated to two groups in a double blind trial involving cimetidine (600 mg/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. At the end of this period, the patients were submitted to an endoscopic control. Two patients in the placebo group had a recurrence of their ulcers. This did not happen to any of the patients taking cimetidine. Two and a half months after stopping their maintenance treatment, two patients of the cimetidine group had a recurrence of their lesions.
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PMID:[Cimetidine in the treatment of gastric ulcer]. 701 Dec 79

The study of a group of patients with gastric ulcers induced by anti-inflammatory agents, was undertaken in an attempt to ascertain the effectiveness of cimetidine (Tagamet) when compared with intensified doses of antacids in their treatment. Seventy patients with medication-induced benign gastric ulcers confirmed by endoscopy and biopsy were studied. The agents principally responsible were aspirin, prednisone, ibuprofen, indomethacin, and sulindac in standard pharmacologic doses. The study was carefully controlled to exclude confusing parameters. Patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 (38 patients) received cimetidine plus and antacid (Maalox). Group 11 (32 patients) received placebo tablets plus the same dose of antacid as in Group 1. All anti-inflammatory agents were discontinued and patients were instructed to avoid known gastric irritants. Treatment periods lasted six weeks. Confirmation of healing was by endoscopic evaluation. A significant difference was noted only with respect to treatment response. Twenty-five of the 38 patients (65.7%) in group 1 receiving cimetidine plus antacid had their ulcers healed within the six-week period. Only eight of the 32 patients (25%) in Group 11 receiving placebo plus antacid had ulcer healing within this period of time (P less than .001). We conclude that a regimen of cimetidine plus intensified antacid therapy is far superior to the same dose of antacid alone in the treatment of gastric ulcer induced by anti-inflammatory agents.
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PMID:Cimetidine in the treatment of gastric ulcer induced by steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. 701 44

Twenty patients with gastric ulcer received treatment with cimetidine. Patients were studied endoscopically before initiation of treatment and after three and six weeks of treatment. Cimetidine was administered at an initial dose of 1 gm/day. At the end of the third week, patients who had a reduction of less than 50% in the size of their ulcers were given 1.6 gm/day of cimetidine for the next three weeks, while the other patients remained on the initial dosage schedule for three more weeks. The 16 patients whose ulcers healed received either cimetidine or placebo (one tablet after lunch and one at bedtime) for an additional 12-week period in a double-blind, randomized study. At the end of this period, patients underwent endoscopic follow-up examination. One of nine patients given cimetidine and one of seven patients given placebo had recurrence of ulcer at the end of the trial. The four patients whose ulcers did not heal by the end of six weeks of treatment were smokers.
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PMID:Long-term treatment of gastric ulcer with cimetidine. 702 78

Ulcer healing and relapse rates after treatment with cimetidine and sucralfate in 112 subjects with endoscopically proven gastric and duodenal ulcers were compared in a randomized trial. Four grams of sucralfate were administered in four divided doses each day; 200 mg cimetidine was administered three times during the day with the fourth dose of 400 mg given at night. The subjects were divided into four treatment groups: (1) subjects with duodenal ulcers treated with sucralfate; (2) subjects with duodenal ulcers treated with cimetidine; (3) subjects with gastric ulcers treated with sucralfate; and (4) subjects with gastric ulcers treated with cimetidine. Endoscopy was repeated at 6 weeks after treatment was initiated; subjects with unhealed ulcers at 6 weeks were reendoscoped at 12 weeks. Eighty-three percent of duodenal ulcers in subjects treated with sucralfate healed at 6 weeks, the rest by week 12. Cimetidine-treated subjects with duodenal ulcer had healing rates of 71 and 86% at 6 and 12 weeks. Cimetidine-treated subjects with gastric ulcers showed healing rates of 75 and 89% at 6 and 12 weeks, respectively. In the gastric ulcer group, 63% of sucralfate-treated subjects were healed at 6 weeks, and 78% were healed by 12 weeks, respectively. Eighty-six of the subjects were followed for 1 year or until endoscopy showed relapse. Subjects treated with cimetidine on a short-term basis relapsed earlier than those were treated with sucralfate at 12 weeks, but at 1 year, the relapse rates were about 70% for both groups.
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PMID:Ulcer healing and relapse rates after initial treatment with cimetidine or sucralfate. 703 53

The effects of various antiulcer drugs and hormones on the cell kinetics of the mouse gastric mucosa were studied using an autoradiographic technique with 3H-thymidine. The drugs or hormones were administered orally or parenterally once or twice a day for 7 consecutive days, and 3H-thymidine was injected after the last administration of the drug. The autoradiograph was prepared and then the labeling index was counted. Cimetidine (100 mg/kg X 2/day, p.o.), geranylgeranylacetone (GGA, 100 mg/kg X 2/day, p.o.) and Cu-chlorophyllin-Na (300 mg/kg X 2/day, p.o.) did not show any effect on the labeling indices in both the tissues of the fundic and pyloric glands, while carbenoxolone (100 mg/kg X 2/day), p.o.) reduced the labeling index in the pyloric glands. Tetragastrin (1 mg/kg X 1/day, i.m.) increased the labeling index in the fundic glands, whereas secretin did not affect it. Hydrocortisone (100 mg/kg X 1/day, S.C.) reduced the labeling index in the fundic glands, and this reducing effect was prevented by combining hydrocortisone with GGA. From these results, it was indicated that the labeling index in the normal mouse gastric generative zone was no influenced by the tested antiulcer drugs, except carbenoxolone; but the index was influenced by tetragastrin and hydrocortisone, especially in the fundic glands. It was also suggested that the changes in the cell kinetics of the gastric mucosa could be related to the etiology of gastric ulcer since there was a possibility that geranylgeranylacetone could control the action of hydrocortisone, an ulcerogenic agent, on the gastric mucosal cell-cycle.
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PMID:[Study on the kinetics of mucus secreting cells in the gastrointestinal tract --effects of various drugs and hormones on the cell kinetics of the generative zone in mouse gastric mucosa]. 712 45

In the case that long term treatment with cimetidine could lead to a reduction of the parietal cell mass, there would result important therapeutic consequences. To investigate this possibility, 26 patients with duodenal ulcer were prospectively studied while on treatment with 1 g daily of cimetidine for two six-month periods separated by a two-week interruption of the therapy. No significant changes in pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion were observed after seven to 14 days off cimetidine, following six and twelve months of treatment. Cimetidine therapy had a significant effect on ulcer pain and antacid consumption. There were reductions of 11% and 10% from the initial figures in the proportion of ulcer niches seen endoscopically, after six in twelve months of treatment respectively. Some patients without a visible duodenal niche on initial endoscopy showed one at subsequent examinations. The sudden interruption of cimetidine treatment after six months was followed by the development of a gastric ulcer, previously absent, in three patients, one of whom had an upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. There were no extragastric complications in spite of the doses and the duration of treatment. The authors consider that maintaining patients on one gram per day of cimetidine for one year is useless.
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PMID:[Clinical endoscopic, and secretory responses in patients with duodenal ulcer treated one gram per day of cimetidine for a year (author's transl)]. 720 74


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