Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have assessed 270 consecutive patients (age range 0.8-20 years) referred for endoscopic study because of abdominal pain during 32 months. Helicobacter pylori (HP) was detected by culture in 91 cases (33.7%). HP colonization increased significantly with age (p less than 0.01). Nine patients less than 5 years of age were colonized by HP. A previous history of peptic ulcer disease in first-degree relatives was significantly more frequent in the HP-positive group (p less than 0.001). The frequency of HP positiveness as related to diagnosis was: normal, 3.3%; nonactive chronic gastritis, 100%; active chronic gastritis, 97.2%; gastric ulcer, 75%; and duodenal ulcer, 90.9% (p less than 0.001). Endoscopic nodular antritis was a frequent (67%) and specific finding; this presence was associated with that of lymphoid follicles in the histopathological study. Signs of histological activity were observed in 55.9% of the HP-positive patients. The histological colonization by HP was assessed semiquantitatively, and a significantly greater HP colonization score was observed in patients with signs of histological activity (p less than 0.001). A significant correlation was found between HP colonization score and histological score (rs = 0.574), with a significant association between the degree of HP colonization and the histologic categories (p less than 0.001). The present study suggests a pathogenic role of HP in the development of gastroduodenal disease in children.
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PMID:Helicobacter pylori infection in children: clinical, endoscopic, and histologic correlations. 835 Feb 6

We report a case of primary lymphoma on a previously resected stomach in a 62-year-old man. The patient was treated 22 years earlier with a partial gastrectomy and Billroth II reconstruction for a benign gastric ulcer. The rarity of this entity and its possible relationship with pseudolymphoma or lymphoid nodular hyperplasia is discussed, and the literature is reviewed.
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PMID:Lymphoma of the gastric stump: report of a case. 170 28

Ninety-seven Japanese patients with so-called primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS-NHL), unrelated to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or organ transplantation, were reviewed. The patients' ages ranged from 1 to 87 years (median: 58 years) with a male to female ratio of 1.77:1. The most frequent past histories were acute appendicitis (appendectomy), head injury, uveitis or iritis, and gastritis or gastric ulcer. These patients presented with symptoms suggesting an expanding intracranial lesion with no signs of extracranial lymphomatous disease. Combined computed tomographic scans, angiography, and findings at surgery or autopsy showed that the cerebrum was the commonest site of involvement, 87% of all cases, with the frontal to temporal region being the most commonly involved. Histologically, the diffuse large-cell type was most frequent and 26% of lymphomas were of high-grade malignancy as defined by the Working Formulation. The reported frequency of high-grade CNS-NHLs in AIDS patients in the United States is much higher (over 60%). Immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded sections revealed a B-cell nature of the present series of tumors. In 16% of the cases, large numbers of small lymphoid cells with a positive reaction predominantly for anti-T lymphocyte antibodies surrounded the tumors or aggregated around the capillaries. The tumors which were infiltrated by small lymphoid cells showed more favorable prognosis than those which were not, suggesting a host reaction to tumor growth in these patients.
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PMID:Malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system in Japan: histologic and immunohistologic studies. 232 40

The nature of gastric infiltrates consisting primarily of benign-appearing small lymphocytes is at present a controversial issue. Earlier reports of gastric lymphoma developing in gastric pseudolymphoma and more recent immunohistochemical studies demonstrating monoclonal B-cell populations in pseudolymphoma suggest that at least some cases represent low-grade lymphomas or clonal precursor lesions that may develop into lymphoma. Observations of a small lymphocytic infiltrate arising in the region of a gastric ulcer that lacked definitive morphologic evidence of malignancy (lymphoma) but was clearly a monoclonal B-cell proliferation by immunohistochemical and gene rearrangement studies support the notion that some gastric lymphoproliferative lesions that histologically have been called pseudolymphomas may include one or more clonal lymphoid expansions. A histopathologic/molecular model suggesting a potential pathway for the development of morphologically recognizable lymphoma from benign-appearing small lymphocytic infiltrates is presented, and the concept that for a variety of lymphoid proliferations clonality and malignancy may not be synonymous is discussed.
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PMID:Gastric small lymphocytic proliferation with immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in pseudolymphoma versus lymphoma. 265 64

Three histologically benign-appearing or diagnostically equivocal small lymphocytic proliferations of the gastrointestinal tract were examined by fresh-frozen section immunohistologic techniques. In one case, a dense infiltrate in the small intestine, consisting of small lymphocytes with round nuclei, was limited almost entirely to the mucosa. In another case, a localized colonic polyp was formed by mucosal and submucosal lobules of benign-appearing lymphoid aggregates with centrally located germinal centers. The third case, a penetrating gastric ulcer, was surrounded by histologically hyperplastic lymphoid tissue which included germinal centers. The small lymphocytes in all three cases were strongly positive for B-cell-associated antigens (B1, B2, BA-1), and all exhibited monoclonal light-chain restriction. Even though treatment consisted only of surgical resection of the lesions, no patient has had progressive disease during follow-up periods ranging from 24 to more than 50 months. We believe that the infiltrates in these cases are analogous to the morphologically benign monoclonal small lymphocytic proliferations common to the lung and orbit and that they have an uncertain, but probably low, malignant potential.
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PMID:Monoclonal small (well-differentiated) lymphocytic proliferations of the gastrointestinal tract resembling lymphoid hyperplasia: a neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential. 350 Jan 7

Prospective sonographic evaluation after water ingestion in 25 normal children aged 2 days to 15 years (mean 6.3 years) demonstrated that normal gastric wall thickness was less than 3 mm. Gastric walls of 5-15 mm thickness were seen in nine of about 6500 children undergoing abdominal sonographic examinations. These nine patients had a variety of unusual diseases, including varioliform gastritis, gastric ulcer, lymphoid hyperplasia, and gastric hamartoma. Previously unreported sonographic appearances were seen. The sonographic examination was instrumental in the detection of five clinically unsuspected gastric lesions and helpful in follow-up in four others.
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PMID:Sonography of the normal and abnormal stomach (excluding hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in children. 351 46

The surprisingly long survival of patients with inoperable gastric lymphoma has led to the identification of pseudolymphoma, i.e. isolated or ulcer-related lymphoid reaction of an organ. We report six years follow-up of a patient suffering from a chronic gastric ulcer associated with lymphocytic follicular gastritis with germinal centers. The preoperative diagnosis of pseudolymphoma is difficult, since typical clinical signs as well as specific endoscopic and radiologic criteria are lacking. The diagnosis of pseudolymphoma can be established only on the basis of precise histological and immunochemical investigations. The association of lymphomatous foci with pseudolymphoma on gastrectomy specimens suggests the malignant potential of the lesion and its uncertain prognosis. Discovery of lymphomatous transformation by repeated biopsies is an indication for surgery.
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PMID:[Apropos of a case of gastric pseudolymphoma]. 378 33

Fifteen cases of gastric pseudolymphoma (GPL) were studied and classified into three subtypes: The nodular type, which is elevated, representing a submucosal tumor. Histologically, the tumor is composed of lymphoid hyperplasia with no associated ulcer. The lesion is well demarcated with no sinusoidal structure. Those findings indicate a nonreactive state. The ulcerative type, which usually is accompanied by deep ulceration with extensive fibrosis. The erosive type, which is infiltrated by extensive lymphoid hyperplasia in the propria mucosa and submucosa. The latter two types represent the reactive state in response to chronic gastric ulcer or inflammation. One of four ulcerative GPLs, however, was associated with focal malignant lymphoma which accounted for one of the fifteen GPL studied. Although there is a low incidence of malignant lymphoma among GPL patients, pseudolymphoma should be considered as a precursor lesion with malignant potential.
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PMID:Pseudolymphoma of the stomach. A clinicopathologic study of 15 cases. 381 5

Lymphoid follicles are a common feature of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis. Recently, by using gastric mapping, we demonstrated lymphoid follicles in all of 62 patients with H pylori infection. This study was designed to address (1) the prevalence of lymphoid follicles in routine gastric biopsy specimens, (2) their correlation with chronic active gastritis, and (3) their predictive value with respect to H pylori infection. Slides from 174 patients whose gastric biopsy findings carried a nonneoplastic diagnosis were evaluated for the presence of (1) chronic active gastritis, (2) lymphoid follicles, and (3) H pylori. When either follicles or active gastritis was found, but H pylori could not be identified by the hematoxylin-eosin stain, additional slides were prepared with a newly developed silver-hematoxylin-eosin-alcian blue stain. Active gastritis was present in 153 patients (88%). Helicobacter pylori was identified on hematoxylin-eosin-stained slides in 123 patients and by the modified Steiner stain in 11 additional patients. Thus, 87% of the patients with chronic active gastritis had histologically detectable H pylori infection. One or more lymphoid aggregates were present in 110 patients (82% of patients with H pylori and 72% of those with chronic active gastritis). Of these, 101 (92%) had H pylori infection. In six of the nine H pylori-negative patients with lymphoid aggregates, biopsy specimens were taken from the edges of an ulcer. In summary, except when biopsy specimens are obtained from the immediate vicinity of a gastric ulcer, lymphoid aggregates in a gastric biopsy specimen are virtually always associated with chronic active gastritis and provide a useful marker for H pylori infection.
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PMID:The significance of lymphoid follicles in the interpretation of gastric biopsy specimens. 751 59

The distribution and localization of Helicobacter pylori (HP) and mononuclear cells (MNC) in the gastric mucosa were investigated immunohistochemically in 120 patients with gastritis or peptic ulcer. HP was detected in the gastric mucosa of 58% of 40 gastritis patients, 82% of 56 gastric ulcer (GU) patients, and 88% of 24 duodenal ulcer (DU) patients. In the HP-positive mucosa, cells positive for IgG or IgA were increased significantly when compared to the HP-negative mucosa. Neutrophils and eosinophils were also increased under the HP-infected surface and therefore these cells were likely involved in the mucosal damage. Enhancement of the expression of HLA-DR antigen was observed in the gastric epithelium with HP infection and it was associated with a significant increase of lymphoid follicles and B cells in the mucosa. In comparison with the HP-infected mucosa of gastritis patients, the number of MNC were increased significantly in the mucosa of both DU and GU patients. The number of HP in the gastric mucosa of DU patients was significantly higher than those of both gastritis and GU patients. In addition, the grade of the infiltration of MNC and IgA positive cells were always greater in DU than in gastritis, regardless of the number of HP. These findings suggested that activation of the local immunity in the gastric mucosa of gastritis and peptic ulcer patients by HP infection may participate in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal mucosa damage.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study of Helicobacter pylori and mononuclear cells in the gastric mucosa of patients with gastritis or peptic ulcer]. 819 6


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