Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors present 3 cases which illustrate the wide spectrum of clinical presentations of gastrocolic fistula. These complications include (a) pain, feculent vomiting, and diarrhea; (b) gastrointestinal hemorrhage; and (c) peritonitis. The gastric ulcer is easily detected by a barium meal study although a barium enema may be necessary to show the fistulous communication. The relationship of this condition to steroids and acetylsalicyclic acid is stressed. Two other cases are included to illustrate the development of such a fistula and show the distinguishing features of a gastrocolic fistula due to carcinoma of the colon.
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PMID:Gastrocolic fistula as a complication of benign gastric ulcer. 125 59

Tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) was assayed in serum of patients with gastroenterological diseases. Of the patients 92 had gastric cancer, 50 colonic cancer, 38 colitis, 36 polyposis of the colon, and 40 gastric ulcer. The cut-off level established on the basis of the mean concentration +3 SD of a reference population comprising 120 subjects was 32 micrograms/l. In gastric cancer TATI had a sensitivity and specificity similar to that of CA19-9, whereas its behavior in colon cancer was less satisfactory. Like other tumor markers TATI may be elevated in patients with inflammatory diseases. In our opinion TATI is a good tumor marker for gastric cancer and it is a useful complement to CEA and CA19-9.
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PMID:Tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor, TATI, in gastrointestinal cancer and related benign diseases. 178 Jun 97

Nineteen patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma, three with cholangiocarcinoma, two with hepatocellular carcinoma, and one with carcinoid were treated with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy. An implantable pump system was used to deliver floxuridine (FUdR), starting at 400 mg for 2 weeks with 2 weeks of rest. Eleven of 15 (73%) measurable patients with colorectal carcinoma responded. Of 6 complete responses, 4 were documented by laparotomy, including 1 with cholangiocarcinoma. Toxicity included dyspepsia and elevated liver function tests in all patients, gastric ulcer in 2, cholecystitis in 2, and sclerosing cholangitis in 3. Overall median survival for the colon cancer patients has not been reached at 16 months. Regional disease was controlled in the majority of patients treated with this regimen with acceptable toxicity and good quality of life.
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PMID:Hepatic perfusion with FUdR utilizing an implantable system in patients with liver primary cancer or metastatic cancer confined to the liver. 254 47

Gastro-colic fistula is an uncommon complication of a benign gastric ulcer (Laufer et al., 1976). The commonest causes of a gastro-colic fistula are carcinoma of the stomach, carcinoma of the colon and previous gastric surgery for peptic ulcer disease (Allison, 1973; Cody et al., 1975) and surgery is the treatment of choice. We report a case of gastro-colic fistula due to a benign gastric ulcer, which healed spontaneously without treatment. Only one previous case of spontaneous healing of a gastro-colic fistula has been described (Rivera, 1972) and this patient subsequently had surgery to exclude an underlying malignant disease.
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PMID:Spontaneous healing of a gastro-colic fistula due to a benign gastric ulcer. 362 26

Sera from 111 patients with various gastro-intestinal (GI) diseases were studies for the presence of antibodies to human serum albumin (HSA), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OA) by passive haemagglutination assay. The antibody titre to BSA was higher than that to HSA or OA. The anti-BSA antibody was demonstrated in upper GI diseases i.e. esophageal cancer, gastric ulcer, gastric cancer and duodenal ulcer, and not in lower GI disease i.e. Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and colon cancer. Both the mean titre and the incidence of the anti-BSA antibody tended to be higher in women than in men, and the titre was in a positive correlation with serum gamma-globulin levels. Sephadex G-200 column chromatography revealed that the anti-BSA antibody was widely distributed between void volume and 7S fraction.
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PMID:Anti-albumin antibodies in sera of patients with gastro-intestinal disease. 714 Nov 96

Gastrointestinal bleeding is believed to cause iron-deficiency anemia (IDA). The information concerning ideal evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract and exact findings in patients with IDA is scant. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate patients with IDA for gastrointestinal lesions potentially causing IDA at a US Army Teaching Medical Center with Gastroenterology Fellowship. Seventy patients with IDA had esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy, and if this evaluation was unremarkable, then small bowel biopsy was obtained at EGD to evaluate for celiac disease. Enteroclysis was done if endoscopic evaluation was negative. At endoscopy, at least one lesion potentially accounted for the IDA in 50 (71%) patients. At colonoscopy, 21 (30%) patients had 22 lesions (four colon cancer, seven adenoma > 1 cm, six vascular malformation, four severely bleeding hemorrhoids, one ileal Crohn's); at EGD, 39 (56%) patients had 43 lesions (11 gastric erosion, 10 esophagitis, four vascular malformation, four celiac disease, three gastric cancer, three gastric ulcer, three duodenal ulcer, two gastric polyp > 1 cm, one duodenal lymphoma, one esophageal cancer, and one duodenal Crohn's). Twelve (17%) patients had both upper and lower gastrointestinal tract lesions. Twenty-four of 32 (75%) patients with positive fecal occult blood test had potentially bleeding lesions compared to 24 of 38 (63%) patients with negative fecal occult blood test (P > 0.05). Six of nine patients with malignancy had positive fecal occult blood test. Twenty patients with normal endoscopy and small bowel biopsy had normal enteroclysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Prospective evaluation of gastrointestinal tract in patients with iron-deficiency anemia. 778 48

During the past 10 years, 15 patients have had percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) of pyogenic liver abscesses (PLA) at a major teaching hospital. Five PLA were related to biliary tract disease, two were secondary to colonic diverticulitis, two developed after abdominal surgery, and the remaining were associated with hepatic trauma, gastric ulcer, Crohn's ileitis, and colon cancer. Two abscesses were cryptogenic. Mean diameter of PLA was 8 cm and ranged from 2-14 cm. Three patients had multiple PLA. All patients were initially treated by PCD without major complications. However, one patient required a second PCD after developing a recurrent abscess. Fever and leukocytosis defervesced at a mean 3.6 days and 7 days, respectively, after PCD. Seven of the 15 patients subsequently had one-stage elective abdominal operations for treatment of diseases underlying PLA including two cholecystectomies, two colon resections, one gastrectomy, one ileostomy closure, and one laparotomy for unresectable gall bladder cancer. There were no postoperative complications. These results demonstrate that PLA are best treated by using PCD as primary treatment with surgical drainage reserved for patients who do not respond clinically to PCD. The need for operative treatment in diseases underlying PLA should not deter use of PCD as primary treatment.
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PMID:Elective one-stage abdominal operations after percutaneous catheter drainage of pyogenic liver abscess. 821 65

We report dextran-induced anaphylactoid reactions (DIAR) subsequent to rapid infusion of Rheomacrodex (dextran 40) in two patients, a 67 year old man with gastric cancer undergoing distal gastrectomy and a 47 year old man with transverse colon cancer undergoing colectomy. Both showed sudden tachycardia, hypotension and skin flush, which were treated with epinephrine or etilephrine administration. Most cases of severe DIAR are immune complex anaphylaxis mediated by dextran-reactive antibodies (DRA) of the IgG class, which are considered to arise mainly in response to immunization with dextran-cross-reactive bacterial polysaccharides in the gastrointestinal tract. High titers of DRA have previously been reported in gastric ulcer patients with pyloric stenosis, suggesting bacterial polysaccharides permeation through the luminal wall which may easily occur in the presence of local inflammation or ulcer. Although serum DRA titers in our patients have not been examined, inflammation or ulcer around the tumor might have played a role in producing high titers of DRA. In patients suspected of gastrointestinal ulcer or inflammation, including cancer, dextran administration is not preferable or should be avoided, unless hapten-dextran preparation is used for the prophylaxis of severe DIAR.
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PMID:[Dextran-induced anaphylactoid reactions in two patients with gastrointestinal cancer]. 872 11

According to the recent pharmacological findings, garlic is a preventive rather than therapeutic. Epidemiological studies in China, Italy and USA showed the inverse relationship between stomach and colon cancer incidences and dietary garlic intake. Anti-carcinogenic activities of garlic and its constituents including sulfides and S-allyl cysteine, have been demonstrated using several animal models. Garlic preparations has been also shown to lower serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, which are major risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, through inhibition of their bio-synthesis in the liver, and to inhibit oxidation of low density lipoprotein. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that aged garlic extract stimulated immune functions, such as proliferation of lymphocyte, cytokine release, NK activity and phagocytosis. More recently, aged garlic extract has been demonstrated to prolong life span of senescence accelerated mice and prevent brain atrophy. Manufacturing processes significantly affect chemical constituents in garlic preparations. Different forms contain different phytochemicals and may have different effects and toxicities. For example, aged garlic extract inhibited t-BuOOH-induced oxidation, whereas raw garlic stimulated the oxidation. Although garlic has been used as a condiment and folklore for a long time, it has been noted to cause adverse reactions, such as stomach ulcer and anemia. Among the garlic preparations, only aged garlic extract has been proven to be safe through toxicological studies. Thus, aged garlic extract could be the most promising garlic preparation for disease prevention.
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PMID:[New pharmacological activities of garlic and its constituents]. 950 13

In a population-based case-control study of pancreatic cancer conducted in three areas of the USA, 484 cases and 2099 controls were interviewed to evaluate the aetiologic role of several medical conditions/interventions, including diabetes mellitus, cholecystectomy, ulcer/gastrectomy and allergic states. We also evaluated risk associated with family history of cancer. Our findings support previous studies indicating that diabetes is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, as well as a possible complication of the tumour. A significant positive trend in risk with increasing years prior to diagnosis of pancreatic cancer was apparent (P-value for test of trend = 0.016), with diabetics diagnosed at least 10 years prior to diagnosis having a significant 50% increased risk. Those treated with insulin had risks similar to those not treated with insulin (odds ratio (OR) = 1.6 and 1.5 respectively), and no trend in risk was associated with increasing duration of insulin treatment. Cholecystectomy also appeared to be a risk factor, as well as a consequence of the malignancy. Subjects with a cholecystectomy at least 20 years prior to the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer experienced a 70% increased risk, which was marginally significant. In contrast, subjects with a history of duodenal or gastric ulcer had little or no elevated risk (OR = 1.2; confidence interval = 0.9-1.6). Those treated by gastrectomy had the same risk as those not receiving surgery, providing little support for the hypothesis that gastrectomy is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer. A significant 40% reduced risk was associated with hay fever, a non-significant 50% decreased risk with allergies to animals, and a non-significant 40% reduced risk with allergies to dust/moulds. These associations, however, may be due to chance since no risk reductions were apparent for asthma or several other types of allergies. In addition, we observed significantly increased risks for subjects reporting a first-degree relative with cancers of the pancreas (OR = 3.2), colon (OR = 1.7) or ovary (OR = 5.3) and non-significantly increased risks for cancers of the endometrium (OR = 1.5) or breast (OR = 1.3). The pattern is consistent with the familial predisposition reported for pancreatic cancer and with the array of tumours associated with hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer.
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PMID:Diabetes mellitus, other medical conditions and familial history of cancer as risk factors for pancreatic cancer. 1046 6


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