Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Biopsy specimens of the duodenal mucosa were assayed to determine their secretin-like activity in 9 controls, 9 patients with gastric ulcer, 19 patients with duodenal ulcer, 4 patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer, and 13 patients with chronic pancreatitis. The bioassay of secretin was done on the pancreatic secretion in anesthetized rats. The sensitivity was in the orcer of 0.0625 CHR unit/rat (4 ng/rat). In the range between 0.0625 and 0.5 CHR units a satisfactory dose dependency was recognized. The following results were obtained. 1) The level of duodenal mucosal secretin-like activity in patients with gastric ulcer was the same as that in the controls, but was elevated in 32% of the patients with duodenal ulcer, 50% of those with gastric and duodenal ulcer, and 8% of those with chronic pancreatitis. 2) The high level of secretin-like activity noted in patients with duodenal ulcer was suspected to be related to the hypersecretion of gastric acid which is characteristic of this disease, but there was no correlation between gastric acid secretion and secretin-like activity in the duodenal mucosa.
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PMID:Secretin-like bioactivity in the duodenal mucosa in patients with peptic ulcer and chronic pancreatitis. 70 76

Due to increasing number of the elderly, cases of hematemesis and melena in the aged have been increasing. The authors evaluated 69 such cases over 60 years old in whom emergency endoscopy of the upper digestive tract was carried out because of hematemesis and melena. Twenty cases are diagnosed as gastric ulcer (29%), 12 cases as esophageal ulcer and esophageal erosion (17.4%), 9 as duodenal ulcer (13.0%), 7 as gastric cancer (10.1%), 6 as Mallory-Weiss syndrome (8.7%), 6 as esophageal and gastric varices (8.7%), 4 as acute hemorrhagic gastritis (5.8%), 3 as Dieulafoy's ulcer (4.3%), and one case each of chronic pancreatitis (hemosuccus pancreaticus) and hemorrhage due to gastric angiodysplasia (1.4%). Of these cases, blood transfusion was performed in 46 cases (66.7%), and shock occurred in 27 cases (39.1%). The endoscopical hemostatic procedure was effective for detection of underlying diseases in the aged. Surgery was often impossible because of the rapid deterioration of the systemic condition due to the hemorrhage of the digestive tract.
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PMID:[Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly]. 149 78

In patients with chronic pancreatitis (48), gastric ulcer (6), duodenal ulcer (6) and controls (12) duodenal pH was measured continuously by a glass electrode before and 90 minutes after a standard meal. The capacity of the stomach to secrete acid was known in all test persons, the degree of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency was determined according to the results of the S-CCK-test: 6 had no, 29 moderate and 13 severe pancreatic insufficiency. There were no significant differences between the mean interdigestive duodenal pH of the groups. After a meal, however, even patients with a normal pancreatic function but with hyperchlorhydria had a significantly lower pH (mean pH 5.5) than those with normo-chlorhydria (mean pH 6.1) and hypochlorhydria (mean pH 6.5). In patients with severe pancreatic insufficiency and normo-/hyperchlorhydria duodenal pH was much lower (mean pH 4.2) in some cases to pH 3.5, thus well below a level known as inactivating pancreatic enzymes. The total duration of the pH being less than 4.5 amounted to 12% of the postprandial measuring time (11 of 90 min). If, however, severe pancreatic insufficiency was combined with a-/hypochlorhydria duodenal pH did not differ from controls. Thus, reduced acid secretion of the stomach exerts beneficial effect on duodenal pH in patients with severe pancreatic insufficiency.
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PMID:[Interdigestive and postprandial duodenal pH in healthy probands, in patients with ulcer and in chronic pancreatitis]. 283 92

The basal concentrations of sulfated and non-sulfated gastrins in serum were measured radioimmunochemically in healthy subjects and in normo- and hyper-gastrinemic diseases. The degree of sulfation in patients with duodenal and gastric ulcer, chronic pancreatitis, gallstone disease, and chronic renal failure were similar to that of healthy controls, in whom 37.7 +/- 1.9% (mean +/- SEM) of serum gastrins were sulfated. In eight patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome 57 +/- 5.4% of the gastrins were sulfated (p less than 0.005, compared with controls). In patients with pernicious anemia (no. = 20) only 24.4 +/- 2.0% of the gastrins were sulfated (p less than 0.005, compared with controls). An inverse correlation (r = -0.63, p less than 0.01) was found between the degree of sulfation and the total gastrin concentration in pernicious anemia but not in gastrinoma patients. The results indicate that diseases with increased synthesis of gastrin are accompanied by an abnormal degree of sulfation.
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PMID:Variations in the sulfation of circulating gastrins in gastrointestinal diseases. 666 33

Conventional transcutaneous ultrasound examinations are often compromised by intervening pulmonary or bowel gas and have limited resolution. Ultrasonic probes of frequencies greater than 5 MHz, which enhance resolution, cannot be used successfully on the skin surface, because they do not penetrate deeply enough to view intraabdominal organs in most adults. To overcome these problems, we tested an ultrasonic endoscope which had a 10-MHz, 64-element linear assay, generated real-time images at resolutions of less than 1 mm, and was an integral part of a 35-mm-long and 13-mm-wide endoscopic rigid tip. Thirty-two studies were performed in 15 healthy subjects, 4 patients with pancreatic cancer and 6 patients with chronic pancreatitis, and 1 patient each with a gastric ulcer and a suspected pancreatic abscess. We demonstrated that this procedure is safe, provides high resolution real-time ultrasound visualization of the heart, aorta, spleen, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, kidneys, and gastrointestinal mucosa and can detect moderate-sized pancreatic tumors and hepatic metastases less than 1 cm in diameter. Because endoscopic visualization of gastrointestinal mucosa and ultrasound examination of extraluminal organs can be obtained during a single procedure, rapid differentiation among mucosal and intramural disease of the hollow gut and disease of extraluminal organs should be possible with this diagnostic technique.
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PMID:Human endoscopic ultrasonography. 710 13

Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of chronic pain syndrome and their possible use in assessing analgetic effects of treatment were studied in 16, 49, 26 and 17 patients with gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, chronic pancreatitis, chronic colitis, respectively. Pain was measured with the use of McHill's questionnaire modification and visual-verbal-analog scale. In addition to routine analysis of the data from the respondents, graphic mean profiles of pain for each group have been devised. There were differences in quantitative parameters of pain syndrome depending on nosological unity and profiles of patients. The questionnaire proved rather informative in evaluation and gradation of analgetic effects of therapeutic factors in ulcer patients.
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PMID:[Pain syndrome in gastroenterological practice: potentialities of evaluation]. 899 54

Quality of life (QL) was studied in 112 patients with gastroenterological diseases: 29 cases of gastric ulcer (GU), 53 cases of duodenal ulcer (DU) and 30 cases of chronic pancreatitis (CP). QL was judged according to the test of the Cardiological Research Center of the RAMS. QL in the above gastroenterological diseases was related to restrictions in the diet, emotional and muscular load, long-term treatment. The integral quantitative indices of QL were worse in CP and GU than in DU, and deteriorated with the disease duration and severity. A close correlation was found between QL and subjective symptoms of the disease, especially pain syndrome. The proposed approach to qualitative and quantitative assessment of gastroenterological patients's quality of life adequately reflects this complex phenomenon and closely correlated with clinical evidence.
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PMID:[Potentialities of life quality evaluation for gastroenterological patients]. 1023 45

There was an analysis of the results of a 5-year observation over 226 patients with the most prevailing digestive apparatus diseases: stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer (SU and DU), chronic pancreatitis (CP), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in an outpatient clinic. Patients were supervised by gastroenterologists (168 patients) and therapeutists (58 patients). It was noted that supervision of the patients by gastroenterologists authentically reduces the frequency of hospitalizations and duration of their stay on the sick-list as compared with the patients being observed by therapeutists and results in higher indices of life quality (LQ) among the patients.
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PMID:[Comparative characteristics of treatment quality and quality of life in gastroenterological patients supervised by gastroenterologist and therapeutist]. 1556 77

Autoimmune pancreatitis, an inflammatory process of the pancreas due to an autoimmune mechanism establishing etiology of chronic pancreatitis, is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies, hypergammaglobulinemia, pancreatic enlargement, pancreatic duct strictures, and pathologic features of fibrotic changes with intense, mainly lymphocytic infiltrations, which may contribute to tissue destruction probably by apoptosis. In almost 60% of the cases, this type of pancreatitis coexists with other autoimmune diseases such as Sjogren's syndrome, sclerosing extrahepatic cholangitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, or other extrapancreatic disorders, and recently with gastric peptic ulceration. The diversity of extrapancreatic lesions with similar histopathologic findings suggests general involvement of the digestive system in this disease, although the presence of such involvement has not been fully elucidated. Similarly, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, a well known cause of gastric ulcer, has been associated, via molecular mimicry of host structures by its constituents with the same autoimmune conditions, also characterized by fibrotic changes and/or lymphoplasmacytic inflammations, accompanied by aberrations of T cell apoptosis that contribute to hepatobiliary- or extrahepatic-tissue destruction. Considering that H. pylori is involved in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of these autoimmune disorders, we propose that this organism might trigger autoimmune pancreatitis through induction of autoimmunity and apoptosis.
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PMID:A concept on the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in autoimmune pancreatitis. 1578 77

This article describes changes in the basic digestive functions (motility, secretion, intraluminal digestion, absorption) that occur during aging. Elderly individuals frequently have oropharyngeal muscle dysmotility and altered swallowing of food. Reductions in esophageal peristalsis and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressures are also more common in the aged and may cause gastroesophageal reflux. Gastric motility and emptying and small bowel motility are generally normal in elderly subjects, although delayed motility and gastric emptying have been reported in some cases. The propulsive motility of the colon is also decreased, and this alteration is associated with neurological and endocrine-paracrine changes in the colonic wall. Decreased gastric secretions (acid, pepsin) and impairment of the mucous-bicarbonate barrier are frequently described in the elderly and may lead to gastric ulcer. Exocrine pancreatic secretion is often decreased, as is the bile salt content of bile. These changes represent the underlying mechanisms of symptomatic gastrointestinal dysfunctions in the elderly, such as dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, primary dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, primary constipation, maldigestion, and reduced absorption of nutrients. Therapeutic management of these conditions is also described. The authors also review the gastrointestinal diseases that are more common in the elderly, such as atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, colon diverticulosis, malignant tumors, gallstones, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, Hepato Cellular Carcinoma (HCC), and chronic pancreatitis.
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PMID:Changes, functional disorders, and diseases in the gastrointestinal tract of elderly. 2247 8


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