Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to determine the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal lesions induced by whole-body vibration (WBV), the effects of WBV (3.0 G, 10 Hz, 90 min) on gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF), plasma corticosterone (COR) and catecholamines (CA), and gastric ulcer formation were investigated in relation to the effects of forced water-immersion stress (FWI) upon the same parameters. While WBV increased GMBF during the exposure, FWI decreased it both during and after the stress. No difference in the severity of ulcer formation between the WBV and the FWI groups was seen. Both WBV and FWI increased plasma COR and CA, although the degree of the increase in COR that accompanied WBV was less than that associated with FWI. Truncal vagotomy attenuated the reduction of GMBF and the extent of ulcer formation that occurred with FWI, but promoted a reduction of GMBF with WBV. These findings indicate that ulceration induced by WBV may be caused primarily by its direct and specific mechanical actions and not by indirect, central nervous system effects known to be important in the pathogenesis of ulcerations produced by mental stress.
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PMID:Experimental studies on the pathogenesis of the gastric mucosal lesions induced by whole-body vibration. 151 75

In the United States about four million people have active peptic ulcers and about 350,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. Four times as many duodenal ulcers as gastric ulcers are diagnosed. Approximately 3000 deaths per year in the United States are due to duodenal ulcer and 3000 to gastric ulcer. There has been a marked decrease in reported hospitalization and mortality rates for peptic ulcer in the United States. Changes in criteria for selecting the underlying cause of death might account for some of the apparent decrease in ulcer mortality rates. Hospitalization rates for duodenal ulcers decreased nearly 50 per cent from 1970 to 1978, but hospitalization rates for gastric ulcers did not decrease. Although this decrease in hospitalization rates may reflect a decrease in duodenal ulcer disease incidence, it appears that changes in coding practices, hospitalization criteria, and diagnostic procedures have contributed to the reported declines in peptic ulcer hospitalization and mortality rates. There is no good evidence to support the popular belief that peptic ulcer is most common in the spring and autumn. The most consistent pattern appears to be low ulcer rates in the summer. There is strong evidence that cigarette smoking, regular use of aspirin, and prolonged use of steroids are associated with the development of peptic ulcer. There is some evidence that coffee and aspirin substitutes may affect ulcers, but most studies do not implicate alcohol, food, or psychological stress as causes of ulcer disease. Genetic factors play a role in both duodenal and gastric ulcer. The first-degree relatives of patients with duodenal ulcer have a two- to threefold increase in risk of getting duodenal ulcer and relatives of gastric ulcer patients have a similarly increased risk of getting a gastric ulcer. About half of the patients with duodenal ulcer have elevated plasma pepsinogen I. A small increase in risk of duodenal ulcer is found in persons with blood group O and in subjects who fail to secrete blood group antigens into the saliva. In most Western countries, morbidity from duodenal ulcer is more common than from gastric ulcer, even though deaths from gastric ulcer exceed or equal those from duodenal ulcer. In Japan, both morbidity and mortality are higher for gastric ulcer than for duodenal ulcer.
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PMID:Epidemiology of peptic ulcer disease. 637 41

Peptic ulcer recurrence after successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is not rare. We evaluated the effect of H. pylori eradication on prevention of gastric ulcer recurrence. Ulcer recurrence had occurred in 20 of 256 H. pylori-eradicated patients, and most of ulcer recurrence were found within 1 year after eradication. NSAIDs and psychological stress, but not sex, smoking habit, drinking habit, and past history of ulcer, seem to be associated with ulcer recurrence. Intractable ulcers after the eradication of H. pylori frequently recurred. Some recurrent ulcers were refractory to treatment with H2-receptor antagonists or proton pump inhibitors. The mechanism(s) by which healed ulcers recur after successful eradication of H. pylori remains unclear.
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PMID:[Peptic ulcer recurrence after successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori--clinical characteristics and management]. 1503 93

Clinical and epidemiologic evidence has documented the significant associations between medical illnesses and psychiatric disorders. However, extensive research has focused on the comorbidity of medical conditions and depression, and most were cross sectional, focused on clinical samples, and grounded in DSM-III or DSM-III-R diagnostic criteria. The current prospective investigation examined associations among medical conditions at baseline and incident psychiatric disorders over a 3-year follow-up, using data from Waves 1 and 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). Overall, the 3-year incidence rates of DSM-IV substance use, mood and anxiety disorders ranged from 0.65% (bipolar II) to 5.2% (alcohol abuse). Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the prospective physical-mental associations, while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, psychological stress and health-related risk factors, and comorbid physical and psychiatric disorders. The present study represents, to our knowledge the largest population-based prospective study examining the physical-mental associations. Our results showed distinctly different patterns of comorbidity of medical illnesses with substance use, mood, and anxiety disorders. Stomach ulcer/gastritis, hypertension and arthritis emerged to be significant predictors of incident psychiatric disorders.
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PMID:Temporal associations between physical illnesses and mental disorders--results from the Wave 2 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). 2352 30

Exposure to chronic stress induces various physical and mental effects that may ultimately lead to disease. Stress-related disease has become a global health problem. Mastication (chewing) is an effective behavior for coping with stress, likely due to the alterations chewing causes in the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system. Mastication under stressful conditions attenuates stress-induced increases in plasma corticosterone and catecholamines, as well as the expression of stress-related substances, such as neurotrophic factors and nitric oxide. Further, chewing reduces stress-induced changes in central nervous system morphology, especially in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. In rodents, chewing or biting on wooden sticks during exposure to various stressors reduces stress-induced gastric ulcer formation and attenuates spatial cognitive dysfunction, anxiety-like behavior, and bone loss. In humans, some studies demonstrate that chewing gum during exposure to stress decreases plasma and salivary cortisol levels and reduces mental stress, although other studies report no such effect. Here, we discuss the neuronal mechanisms that underline the interactions between masticatory function and stress-coping behaviors in animals and humans.
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PMID:Mastication as a Stress-Coping Behavior. 2609 Apr 53

A 1-year-old female toddler who was under a great amount of psychological stress presented with acute hematemesis. She had no significant medical history; she displayed lethargy and was anemic. Although blood transfusion and famotidine were administered for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), the anemia did not improve. Thus, early endoscopy was performed under general anesthesia, revealing a gastric ulcer with exposed vessels in the supra-angular region. Cauterization via bipolar hemostatic forceps was performed on the exposed vessels, and the bleeding was controlled successfully. We diagnosed the patient with hemorrhagic stress-induced gastric ulcer due to psychological stress. Three months later, endoscopy revealed that the gastric ulcer had healed.
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PMID:Hemorrhagic Stress-induced Gastric Ulcer in a Healthy Toddler. 2978 Jan 41