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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastric ulceration following an antireflux fundoplication procedure is the result of bile reflux into the stomach and not a consequence of gas bloat, antral distention or hypergastrinemia. Whether the bile reflux was present prior to the fundoplication or was a result of fundoplication is not known.
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PMID:Gastric ulceration after a fundoplication operation for gastroesophageal reflux. 3 92

In a double-blind study the influence of Pirenzepin on ulcer healing was studied in 28 in-patients with gastric ulcer under endoscopic control. The ulcer size was reduced by Pirenzepin significantly quicker, and the number of ulcers healed after three weeks treatment with Pirenzepin was significantly higher than under placebo. As to accompanying symptoms appetite stimulation was significantly more frequent with Pirenzepin compared to placebo. No patient complained of dryness of the mouth.
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PMID:[Influence of pirenzepin on healing of gastric ulcer. A double blind study in in-patients (author's transl)]. 3 95

The authors have investigated some organic phosphoric esters such as dimethoate, malatione, and trichlorphone in order to see whether they influence the genesis of the reserpine ulcer induced in rats or whether they act on the existing ulcer. Another objective of the investigation was to determine whether the aggravating effect of these compounds on the experimental gastric ulcer can be mitigated or prevented with isopropamide and gastrixon, two compounds known to be used in the therapy of ulcers. It was found that 1. dimethoate and trichlorphone considerably aggravate the genesis of the experimental peptic ulcer in rats, and that also malathione exercises this exacerbating effect still to some extent, 2. that the already existing experimental ulcer is aggravated by all three organic phosphoric esters and that 3. the severe experimental damage to the stomach can be reduced or prevented with Isopropamide and even more effectively with Gastrixon. As to the interpretation of the phenomena observed the authors take the view that--provided the effects mentioned apply also to man--with this a new risk was detected in the field of the chemical plant protection which may well gain importance for the health of a population.
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PMID:[The effect of organic phosphoric esters on the experimental peptic ulcer (author's transl)]. 3 54

Gastric mucosal erosions were produced in rats by pyloric occlusion and intraperitoneal injection of epinephrine. Gastric ulcer was induced by application of acetic acid to a limited area of the stomach. pH, total amount of acid and volume of gastric juice were determined 5 h after pyloric occlusion. The presence of an acute acetic acid ulcer partly inhibited the development of mucosal erosions induced by pyloric occlusion and epinephrine. The gastric ulcer was associated with decreased acid secretion. A positive correlation was obtained between the degree of mucosal erosions and the total amount of acid in the stomach.
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PMID:Interaction between acute gastric ulcer and epinephrine-induced mucosal erosions in the rat: the significance of gastric acid secretion. 3 36

Antacids can reduce gastroduodenal acidity for long periods if taken in substantial quantities after food. Their healing effect on gastric ulcer is minimal, if present at all, and easily overwhelmed by the benefit obtained from admission to hospital. Intensive antacid therapy appears effective in healing duodenal ulcer and preventing haemorrhage from stress ulcer, and is comparable in these respects with cimetidine but with a higher incidence of side-effects. Clinical impression strongly suggests that antacids relieve pain in peptic ulcer but objective confirmation is lacking.
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PMID:Antacids and peptic ulcer--a reappraisal. 3 92

The prostaglandins E2 and 16,16-dimethyl-PGE2 methyl ester were compared with the H2-receptor antagonists burimamide and metiamide for their effects on gastric acid secretion (GAS) and gastric mucosal blood flow (MBF) in rats and dogs, and on ulcer formation in rats. Orally, both 16,16-dimethyl-PGE2 methyl ester (20 microgram/kg) and metiamide (6 mg/kg) were markedly effective inhibitors of GAS stimulated by histamine acid phosphate or pentagastrin in Heidenhain pouch dogs, producing a reduction both in volume of gastric juice and in the concentration of titratable acid. In anaesthetised rats, however, the H2-receptor antagonists, when perfused into the gastric lumen, did not consistently inhibit the increased GAS caused by various secretagogues. In contrast, the prostaglandins, under the same conditions, caused marked inhibition of GAS provoked by all secretagogues. Intravenously, both burimamide and metiamide were effective in inhibiting GAS in rats but were less potent than the prostaglandins. The order of potency was: 16,16-dimethyl-PGE2 methyl ester greater than PGE2 greater than metiamide greater than burimamide. By the oral route, the H2-receptor antagonists were found to be very weak inhibitors of indometacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats, as compared to the prostaglandins. MBF studies in rats and in Heidenhain dogs showed that i.v. or p.o. administration inhibited both GAS and MBF in most cases. The ratio r = [MBF (ml/min)/GAS (mumol H+/min)] was generally increased by both types of compounds, suggesting a preferential effect on GAS.
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PMID:A comparative study of the effects of prostaglandins and H2-receptor antagonists on gastric acid secretion, mucosal blood flow and ulcer formation. 3 81

An autopsy case of rheumatoid arthritis with active polyarthritis, systemic necrotizing arteritis, pleuritis, pericarditis, rheumatoid nodules in a few organs and a healing gastric ulcer was reported. Histologically, systemic necrotizing arteritis was characterized by vascular changes of the following three types: Granulomatous arteritis with a characteristic arrangement of mesenchymal cells forming a palisade around coagulation necrosis of media and some of them formed a rheumatoid nodule-like lesion in the wall (RA type); Fibrinoid arteritis very similar to the Kussmaul-Maier type periarteritis nodosa (PN type); and chronic arteritis with endarterial proliferation (Ep type). Although it is hard to distinguish arteritis of PN type from the Kussmaul-Maier type periarteritis nodosa, arteritis of RA type with rheumatoid nodule-like lesion in the wall may be interpreted as an extremely developed form of vasculitis in rheumatoid arthritis.
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PMID:Rheumatoid arthritis with systemic necrotizing arteritis. 4 Mar 88

In order to study the distribution of somatostatin in the upper digestive tract in man, biopsies were taken through endoscopy or at surgery from the fundus, antrum, and duodenal bulb in 15 subjects with no gastroduodenal lesion, 12 patients with severe antral and/or fundic atrophy in the sampling area, 28 patients with an active duodenal ulcer, and 14 patients with a nonmalignant gastric ulcer. The specimens were extracted in 2 N acetic acid and tested for somatostatin content with a specific radioimmunoassay. In the control subjects, the somatostatin concentration (nanograms per milligram of wet weight) was 0.60 +/- 0.12 in the fundus, 1.68 +/- 0.33 in the antrum, and 1.35 +/- 0.30 in the duodenal bulb. Atrophy of the gastric mucosa was associated with a reduction of the somatostatin concentration in the fundus and the antrum. No significant variation was observed in the present series of patients with gastric ulcer. Duodenal ulcer was associated with a reduction of the somatostatin concentration in the antrum (P less than 0.02). These results indicate that somatostatin is widely distributed from fundus to duodenal bulb in adult human subjects, and that lower antral concentrations are observed in patients with duodenal ulcer.
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PMID:Somatostatin in mucosa of stomach and duodenum in gastroduodenal disease. 4 75

The distributions of acid alpha1-glycoprotein, alpha1-fetoprotein, beta-galactosidase and gastrin in gastric carcinoma and gastric ulcer as well as in the neighbourhood of these lesions were studied by means of immunohistochemical methods on imprint preparation. We could not find significant differences between gastric carcinoma and the nonneoplastic lesions, except for the acid alpha1-glycoprotein. The results of this first study indicate that the immunochemical and immunohistological assay of acid alpha1-glycoprotein might be of practical value in diagnosing malignant changes of gastric mucosa.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical studies on non neoplastic and neoplastic gastric mucosa. Determination of embryonic and specific antigens (author's transl)]. 5 51

10 patients with benign gastric ulcer were treated with cimetidine 0-8 to 1-6 g/day for six weeks. Relief of symptoms was rapid. Endoscopy at the end of treatment showed that all the ulcers had healed. Healing was not associated with an improvement of acute atrophic gastritis nor with any change of gastric mucosal potential difference. No untoward clinical or laboratory effects were observed.
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PMID:Healing of gastric ulcer during treatment with cimetidine. 5 42


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