Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a rat model of the ischemia-reperfusion with pylorus ligation, gastric ulcer was formed, although gastric acid secretion was reduced. When the polymorphonuclear leukocytes were inactivated in advance, gastric ulcer was not formed, but acid secretion was increased, indicating that gastric acid is not a cause of the ulcer formation in this model. The mechanism of gastric acid suppression accompanied by ischemia-reperfusion was examined in relation to the role of oxygen-free radicals in this rat model. Prior administration of superoxide dismutase did not modulate acid secretion, but N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) increased acid secretion. The action of L-NAME was antagonized specifically by L-arginine, but not by D-arginine. S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine did not inhibit basal acid secretion but antagonized the action of L-NAME. Aminoguanidine increased significantly the gastric acid output that was suppressed by ischemia-reperfusion. When polymorphonuclear leukocytes were inactivated by treatment with their antibody, the gastric acid output recovered to the level in the pylorus-ligated rat without ischemia-reperfusion. These results suggested that nitric oxide (NO) produced by the infiltrated polymorphonuclear leukocytes plays an important role in the suppression of acid secretion induced by ischemia-reperfusion.
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PMID:The role of nitric oxide in the gastric acid secretion induced by ischemia-reperfusion in the pylorus-ligated rat. 1147 Feb 62

Our objective was to assess the complications of laparoscopic fundoplication in 77 patients older than 70 years of age. The indications for surgery were (1) complications of reflux esophagitis (n = 17), (2) large hiatal hernia (n = 10), (3) asthma and bronchitis (n = 7), (4) the need for other surgery (n = 13), and (5) a patient's desire to discontinue medical treatment that was controlling reflux esophagitis (n = 30). Operative time varied from 34 to 250 minutes (mean [standard deviation], 116 +/- 20). Hospital stay varied from 12 hours to 19 days (mean, 1.2). No patient needed conversion to open operation. Intraoperative complications were observed in 4 patients (5.2%): left pneumothorax in 2, major operative bleeding in 1, and minor spleen lesion in 1. The most common postoperative complications were gas-bloating syndrome and dysphagia. Gastric ulcer was diagnosed in two. Other postoperative complications included acute delirium, acute urinary retention, and acute ischemia of the lower extremity. One patient died of congestive heart failure. It is concluded that laparoscopic fundoplication is an effective procedure for treating geriatric patients with reflux esophagitis and may be performed with low morbidity and mortality rates.
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PMID:Complications of laparoscopic fundoplication in the elderly. 1259 50

D-002 is a natural mixture of higher aliphatic primary alcohols isolated from beeswax that has antioxidant and antiulcer properties. Because the role of lipid peroxidation in gastric damage is well recognized, this work was designed to investigate the possible effect of D-002 on lipid peroxidation in gastric mucosa in two experimental models of gastric injury in rats: (1) gastric ulcer induced by indomethacin and (2) mucosal injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I-R). The results demonstrated a remarkable protective effect of D-002 on lipid peroxidation in gastric ulcer induced by indomethacin and a moderate protective effect of D-002 on gastric erosions and lipid peroxidation induced by I-R.
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PMID:Antioxidant Effect of D-002 on Gastric Mucosa of Rats with Experimentally Induced Injury. 1263 16

Dieulafoy's ulcer is a particular form of gastric ulcer confined to a persistent caliber artery and may lead to severe hemorrhage. We report a case of fatal gastric bleeding in a woman with benign biclonal gammapathy. Autopsy found a typical Dieulafoy's ulcer centered by a persistent caliber artery which wall was thickened by AL-amyloid deposits. Amyloidosis involved the gastric wall, but also middle caliber arteries of the liver, the lung, the pancreas, the kidney and the myocardium. AL-amyloidosis is a rare and late complication of monoclonal gammapathy and may be asymptomatic. Pathogenesis of Dieulafoy's ulcer remains unclear. In our case, local ischemia may have facilitated gastric ulceration, and amyloid deposits may have contributed to arterial rupture.
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PMID:[Fatal Dieulafoy's type ulcer in a case of gastric AL-amyloidosis]. 1548 Feb 60

The effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) on gastric secretion and gastric cytoprotection was evaluated using five different models of gastric ulcers: acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcers, pylorus ligation, ethanol-induced, indomethacin-induced and ischemia-reperfusion-induced gastric ulcers. Bezafibrate, a PPAR-alpha agonist was administered at two different doses of 10 and 100 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneanally. Both doses of bezafibrate showed significant antiulcer effect in ethanol-induced, indomethacin-induced and pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcers. Bezafibrate increased healing of ulcer in acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer model. Both doses were also effective in preventing gastric lesions induced by ischemia-reperfusion. It was concluded that PPAR-alpha activation increases healing of gastric ulcers and also prevents development of gastric ulcers in rats.
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PMID:Effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha agonist (bezafibrate) on gastric secretion and gastric cytoprotection in rats. 1752 Dec 98

In patients with celiac axis occlusion, performance of pancreaticoduodenectomy involves sacrifice of the gastroduodenal artery which results in a risk of hepato-pancreato-biliary and other organic ischemia. Celiac axis occlusion does not recently seem an uncommon finding in cases of pancreaticoduodenectomy but diagnosis of celiac axis occlusion may be difficult in patients with former abdominal surgery. The present case report shows a patient with pancreatic head adenocarcinoma, in whom a preoperative diagnosis of celiac axis occlusion was not proved because of displacement of the celiomesenteric arterial branches based on former distal gastrectomy with Kocher's maneuver. A 56-year-old man with malignant obstruction of the lower bile duct was referred to our hospital for undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. In his past history, the patient had undergone distal gastrectomy reconstructed with Billroth I method due to gastric ulcer. In preoperative abdominal angiography, the celiac axis was not detected at the normal position and was incorrectly recognized to be anomalously originated from the superior mesenteric artery. During surgery, hepatic arterial flow was markedly diminished by clamping of the gastroduodenal artery. Celiac axis occlusion was then proved and the thick and tight median arcuate ligament was detected. Hepatic arterial blood flow was recovered by a complete division of the median arcuate ligament. Postoperative course of the patient was uneventful. In cases of pancreaticoduodenectomy, careful preoperative angiographic diagnosis is needed for patients with celiac axis occlusion who have undergone former gastric surgery because the celio-mesenteric arterial branches have been displaced by Kocher's maneuver. The present report also demonstrates another patient with a typical celiac axis stenosis.
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PMID:Celiac axis occlusion of a patient undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy after distal gastrectomy. 1752 29

Lymphoma is a systemic disease. It is not uncommon to be found involved in digestive or central nervous system. However, lymphoma involved in these two systems at the same time is rare. The clinical feature of a case of lymphoma with gastrointestinal bleeding and limbs weakness was investigated and the literature was reviewed. The patient came to our hospital with melena and hematemesis. She was diagnosed as gastric ulcer by gastroscopy and biopsy showed lymphoma. Two days after she came to hospital, the patient presented with progressing limbs weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed irregular abnormal signals in T2-T4 vertebra, which was enhanced obviously. A strip abnormal signal could be seen in spinal cord and involved in neighboring centrum and ribbing. The lesion extended to paravertebral tissue. The final diagnosis was lymphoma involved in stomach and spinal cord. Diseases presented with both upper digestive tract bleeding and symptoms of central nervous system were rare, including malignancies, virus infection and some therapy. Lymphoma was one of the causes. On the other hand, spinal cord ischemia might occur after gastrointestinal bleeding. Thus, doctors should examine the patients carefully to diagnose these diseases.
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PMID:[A case of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and paraplegia]. 1765 79

Ischaemia and reperfusion are known to induce gastric lesions, predominantly due to excessive formation of reactive oxygen metabolites, adhesion of neutrophils to endothelial cells, microvascular dysfunction, gastric acid secretion, endogenous histamine and gastrin release. We have studied the effect of (+)-catechin on a gastric ulcer model involving damage to gastric injury by ischaemia- reperfusion (I/R) in rats. (+)-Catechin 50 mg kg(-1)administered orally, once daily for three days after the initiation of I/R injury showed a significant (P<0.001) anti-ulcer activity against mucosal dam- age. However, (+)-catechin significantly decreased the lipid peroxidation and increased the level of catalase in the I/R condition. Elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase in the I/R group was significantly lowered (P<0.01) by (+)-catechin. The amount of H(+)K(+)ATPase was significantly decreased (P<0.001) in (+)-catechin-treated as compared with I/R rats. (+)-Catechin significantly decreased elevated plasma histamine (P<0.05) and corticosterone (P<0.05). The results suggested that (+)-catechin protected gastric mucosa against ischaemia-reperfusion-induced gastric ulcers by its antioxidant activity and mucus protection.
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PMID:Protective effect of (+)-catechin against gastric mucosal injury induced by ischaemia-reperfusion in rats. 1772 52

We describe a 37-year-old man with Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) and a uniquely diffuse anatomic distribution of gastrointestinal (GI) involvement. Eosinophilic infiltration of the jejunum with granulomatous and necrotizing vasculitis resulted in perforation with peritonitis. Inflammation of the sigmoid colon associated with ulceration was documented in combination with radiographic evidence of a gastric ulcer.Endoscopic biopsy and abdominal angiography were not diagnostic and might be of limited sensitivity in documenting GI vasculitis in patients with CSS. Abdominal involvement in CSS can lead to life-threatening ischemia and perforation of the GI tract. In such cases, surgical intervention may be necessary; as in this case, the addition of cyclophosphamide to systemic corticosteroid therapy may speed resolution and decrease mortality in CSS.
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PMID:Churg-strauss syndrome with diffuse gastrointestinal involvement. 1907 69

In vivo redox reaction is involved in processes of oxidative diseases. The redox imaging technique is important to diagnose redox-induced diseases and to assess cure effects of pharmaceutical drugs. A group of nitroxyl radicals is sensitive to redox reactions and we have investigated mechanisms of oxidative diseases, including diabetes, ischemia reperfusion injuries and gastric ulcer. ESR technique has been utilized in analysis of free radicals, which is generated through imbalance of in vivo redox status. We have been developing magnetic resonance approaches for imaging free radicals/redox status in living animals. Overhauser enhanced MRI (OMRI) is a new technique for imaging in vivo redox status in animals via Overhauser effect. We have developed nanometer-scale imaging and simultaneous assessment of redox processes by using OMRI with (14)N- and (15)N- labeled nitroxyl probes with different distribution properties. We also developed a home-built OMRI imager based on an electromagnet for L-band ESRI. This OMRI technique with dual probes may become a powerful tool to clarify mechanisms of disease and to monitor pharmaceutical therapy.
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PMID:[Analysis of in vivo redox status with magnetic resonance technique]. 1925 84


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