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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 1976, 121 patients with benign gastric ulcer and 13 with gastric carcinoma were diagnosed in our department by endoscopy, cytology and directed biopsies. At a 5-year follow-up, 78 of these patients were re-examined with endoscopy and biopsies. None had developed gastric cancer during the observation time. Of the 78 patients who underwent endoscopy, 16 had gastric ulcer, 2 duodenal ulcer and 27 atrophic gastritis, including 3 with moderate dysplasia of the gastric mucosa. The patients with ulcer had remarkably few symptoms. Only few data are available concerning the postulated link between gastric ulcer disease and gastric malignancy. The cancer-ex-ulcere hypothesis seems to be a medical dogma. However, well planned prospective studies with endoscopic follow-up of gastric ulcers are needed to elucidate the question properly.
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PMID:Gastric ulcer and risk of cancer. A five-year follow-up study. 648 72

In 119 patients referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, the faecal blood loss was determined by a 51Cr method and 7 chemical tests. For patients with negative upper endoscopy (no. = 8), atrophic gastritis (no. = 30), gastric ulcer (no. = 31), or gastric cancer (no. = 23), the median 51Cr-determined faecal blood loss was 0.51, 0.61, 0.83, and 2.68 ml/24 h, respectively. For all chemical tests, the results were highly influenced by the upper time limit for positive reaction. Mixing of faecal specimens before testing did not prove essential. By repeated analyses of faecal samples stored for 3 days, the benzidine test showed a decreased sensitivity (p less than 0.01), whereas Fecatwin and Fecatwin sensitive showed an increased number of positive tests (p less than 0.01). Of cases of gastric cancer, tetramethylbenzidine tests including Hemo-Fec Test, benzidine test, Fecatwin sensitive, Hemoccult II, and Fecatwin could detect about 85%, 80%, 60%, 55%, and 30%, respectively.
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PMID:Occult faecal blood loss determined by a 51Cr method and chemical tests in patients referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. 660 21

In order to evaluate its clinical usefulness, serum pepsinogen I level was measured in a prospective study in unselected patients affected by endoscopically and histologically confirmed gastric or duodenal diseases. The mean level in controls was 63 +/- 26 ng/ml (M +/- SD) with no statistical difference between males and females, while it was significantly higher in smokers than in non-smokers (respectively 69 +/- 25 and 56 +/- 25 ng/ml). On the average in gastric ulcer patients it overlapped with controls (69 +/- 34 ng/ml), but in prepyloric ulcers its value was higher (81 +/- 45 ng/ml) than that found in ulcer of the gastric corpus (66 +/- 30 ng/ml). Serum pepsinogen I level was significantly higher in duodenal ulcer patients (81 +/- 33 ng/ml), in males as compared to females and in smokers as compared to non-smokers (respectively 91 +/- 32 and 67 +/- 26 ng/ml). Higher than normal values were found in one subject affected by the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and in patients with severe renal failure. Low and very low levels were found after partial and total gastrectomies and in A type atrophic gastritis. In the case of duodenal ulcer, serum pepsinogen I determination showed a 16 p. 100 sensitivity and a 96 p. 100 specificity, while for atrophic gastritis it showed an 87 p. 100 sensitivity and a 100 p. 100 specificity. It is concluded that, at present, the most important clinical application seems to be its screening value in the detection of atrophic gastritis and consequently its potential use to detect populations at increased risk for gastric cancer.
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PMID:Diagnostic usefulness of serum group I pepsinogen determination. 662 12

In order to ascertain the role of gastric carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) determination in detecting patients with a risk for gastric cancer, 69 subjects were studied; 23 were referred for endoscopy because of dyspepsia but without obvious macroscopic lesions, 27 with duodenal ulcer, 11 with benign gastric ulcer, 8 with gastric cancer. The following results were obtained by subdividing the material according to the histologic interpretation of the results of gastric mucosal biopsies: (1) in the presence of minor histologic abnormalities of the gastric mucosa, CEA in gastric juice was under 100 ng/ml in all but five cases; and (2) in moderate or severe chronic atrophic gastritis (associated or otherwise with intestinal metaplasia or dysplasia), and in gastric cancer, gastric CEA ranged between 224 and 3120 ng/ml in all but two cases. Although not diagnostic for gastric cancer, gastric CEA is a promising test in detecting patients at risk, including those with dysplasia of the gastric mucosa.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen in gastric juice collected during endoscopy. Value in detecting high-risk patients and gastric cancer. 664 May 4

In York between 1941 and 1949, 632 patients underwent Polya partial gastrectomy for peptic ulcer. Of 307 patients who were followed up in the York Gastric Clinic from 1971 to 1980, nine died of gastric cancer, three times the expected number. If gastrectomy was performed for gastric ulcer the risk of later development of carcinoma (7%) was significantly greater than that following operation for duodenal ulcer (1.6%) (p less than 0.001). No cancers were diagnosed in the 54 patients endoscoped. Atrophic gastritis was found in 98% of patients and intestinal metaplasia in 44%. Dysplasia was present in 35% but in no case was it severe. Although we have found that there is an increased risk of cancer developing in the gastric remnant we do not consider routine endoscopic follow up of all postgastrectomy patients to be a practical proposition.
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PMID:Endoscopic examination of the gastric remnant 31-39 years after subtotal gastrectomy for peptic ulcer. 670 18

The gamma-glutamyl-transferase activity, the total glutathione content, the GSH-peroxidase activity, and the GSH S-transferase activity using an aryl substrate were estimated in the S9 fraction of gastric biopsy specimens taken from patients with normal stomach morphology (n = 24), acute gastritis (n = 15), chronic-atrophic gastritis (n = 10), gastric ulcer (n = 9), and carcinoma of the stomach (n = 12). The total glutathione content of normal gastric mucosal specimens was significantly higher than that of human liver biopsy specimens, whereas the GSH-peroxidase and the GSH S-aryltransferase activities were much lower than those found in the liver. Specimens of gastric ulcer had significantly lower enzyme activities of GSH-peroxidase and GSH-aryltransferase, whereas gastric cancer tissue had significantly lower concentrations of total glutathione. The intraindividual comparison of tumorous and non-tumorous tissue showed a consistent decrease of total glutathione as well as of GSH-aryltransferase activity in carcinomatous tissue.
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PMID:Glutathione and GSH-dependent enzymes in the human gastric mucosa. 670 2

Upper gastrointestinal fibreoptic endoscopy, performed on 1,084 Ethiopians, revealed: 48 (4%) oesophageal varices, 16 (1%) oesophageal carcinoma, 394 (36%) chronic atrophic gastritis, 36 (3%) gastric carcinoma and 154 (14%) duodenal ulcer. Oesophagitis, gastric ulcer and stomach ulcer are rare. The high prevalence of oesophageal varices and the association of chronic atrophic gastritis with gastric carcinoma are noted. There is a poor correlation between barium meal and endoscopic findings mainly because of inadequate radiological services in the country. All 16 patients who had endoscopy within 48 hours of haematemesis and/or melena had the source of bleeding identified. In a country like Ethiopia where upper gastrointestinal symptoms are very common and radiological services inadequate, expert endoscopic studies can be of great diagnostic value.
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PMID:Analysis of fibreoptic gastroduodenoscopy in 1084 Ethiopians. 697 21

Chronic gastritis is a histological diagnosis, relying on separate biopsies from antral and fundic mucosa. According to Strickland type A gastritis corresponding to pernicious anemia should be differentiated from type B gastritis, maybe induced by duodeno-gastric reflux. Intensity of inflammatory infiltration and atrophy of the specific glands correlate by and large with acid secretion, however, not with alcohol or nicotine abuse or iron deficiency. Chronic atrophic gastritis may lead to gastric carcinoma of the intestinal type, in gastric ulcer patients localization of the ulcer crater is determined by the spread of gastritis. The histological diagnosis of chronic gastritis has no therapeutic consequences; however, in type A gastritis regular endoscopic follow-up studies in 2-5 year intervals seem advisable.
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PMID:[Chronic gastritis]. 700 81

Prostaglandin E was measured by radioimmunoassay in endoscopic biopsy specimens obtained from 7 normal healthy volunteers, 28 patients with a benign gastric ulcer, and 10 with a malignant gastric ulcer. Biopsy specimens were taken from the antral and body mucosa and from the ulcer edge in patients. The median value in normal antrum specimens was 5.15 (4.44-8.40) ng PGE/mg protein which was more than the body with 3.50 (1.86-9.28), p less than 0.05. In the 28 patients with benign gastric ulcer the ulcer edge contained 2.33 (0.48-7.67) ng PGE/mg protein which was more than the antrum with 1.06 (0.30-4.17) or the body with 0.97 (0.20-7.67), p less than 0.01 respectively. The antral and body levels in patients with gastric ulcers were lower than those found in the normal volunteers, p less than 0.01. There was no difference between the levels found in patients with malignant as opposed to benign gastric ulcer. In patients with gastric ulcer lower levels of PGE were found in body mucosa with atrophic gastritis 0.83 (0.53-2.66) ng PGE/mg protein as compared with histologically normal body mucosa 2.55 (0.63-7.67), p less than 0.05. These results suggest that mucosal PGE levels are reduced in patients with gastric ulcer disease and that this may be due to the presence of atrophic gastritis.
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PMID:Gastric mucosal prostaglandin E levels in patients with gastric ulcer disease and carcinoma. 705 27

The paper presents the results of the 10-year follow-up of 1,237 patients at high risk for stomach cancer. Among them, 669 patients suffered from chronic gastric ulcer, 78--polyps, 382--chronic gastritis and 108 underwent resection of the stomach more than 10 years ago. Repeated gastroscopic examinations, including biopsy, carried out within the last two years, revealed malignancies in 405 cases (32,7%): chronic ulcers--10.8, polyps--11.1 and chronic gastritis--0,6%. Malignancy of the gastric stump was observed in 5.0%. In chronic gastritis patients, cancer development was registered in cases of hyperplasia only (4.5%). No malignancy was found in cases of reorganization gastritis and atrophic gastritis.
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PMID:[Groups at high risk for stomach cancer morbidity and the effectiveness of dispensary care]. 709 Mar


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