Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Sudanese subjects with gastroduodenal inflammation. H. pylori was looked for in biopsy specimens taken from the antrum by two methods: rapid urease test [Campylobacter-like organism (CLO) test] and culture using Skirrow's selective supplement. One hundred subjects were studied. H. pylori was found in 80% of patients with gastritis, 56% of patients with duodenal ulcer, 60% of patients with duodenitis and 16% of normal control subjects. It was neither detected in patients with gastric ulcer, nor in patients with oesophagitis or in those with oesophageal varices due to schistosomiasis, when using culture. However, it was found in 50% of patients with oesophagitis, when using CLO test.
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PMID:Detection of Helicobacter pylori in endoscopic biopsies in Sudan. 780 58

An endoscopic screening was carried out during the period between July 1989 and December 1991 in the Municipality of Roccagorga (LT) in order to: a) evaluate the presence of various forms of gastritis and pre-cancerous lesions; 2) verify the effect of the administration of prostaglandins (Misoprostol) on the evolution of superficial chronic gastritis (CG). A total of 468 endoscopy were performed (17% of the population aged between 20 and 75 years old). 22% of the subjects examined were found to be endoscopically normal; 34% presented symptoms of mild esophagitis and 4% of moderate esophagitis. The prevalence of duodenal ulcer was 10.6% and gastric ulcer 3.4%. Gastric carcinoma was diagnosed in 6 patients (1.2%). 8.5% of patients were found to have atrophic CG and 15.3% superficial CG. Thirty-six patients with superficial CG were randomly divided into two groups: A) treated with Misoprostol 600 mg/day for 6 months; B) controls (placebo). The administration of Misoprostol did not influence the evolution of CG, whereas it caused a reduction in the incidence of type 1 intestinal metaplasia. Misoprostol also led to an improvement in dyspeptic symptoms. The results of the present study do not suggest a role of prostaglandins in the natural evolution of CG.
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PMID:[Chronic gastritis and prostaglandins. Results of endoscopic screening]. 784 44

The study included 11 patients with AIDS who underwent gastric emptying studies for solid food, endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy), and gastric biopsy whenever gastritis was diagnosed on endoscopy. All studies were performed within 1 week. The studies were retrospectively reviewed to analyze the changes in gastric emptying secondary to Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) with or without opportunistic infections. Two patients with KS only had rapid gastric emptying (T1/2 6.7 and 45 minutes). Two other patients with KS and opportunistic infections had normal gastric emptying (T1/2 56.7 and 70 minutes), and one patient with KS and opportunistic infections had rapid gastric emptying (T1/2 25.9 minutes). Four patients with gastritis secondary to opportunistic infections and no KS had delayed gastric emptying (T1/2 622, 92, 266.5, and 179.4 minutes). The remaining two patients had endoscopy showing gastritis not proven by biopsy, and both had rapid gastric emptying. One patient had gastric ulcer (T1/2 39 minutes), and the other had chronic active hepatitis and early cirrhosis (T1/2 15 minutes). Esophagitis was present in 6 out of 7 patients who had gastritis. Esophageal candidiasis was confirmed in three patients, and cytomegalovirus was confirmed in one patient. The findings suggest that gastroduodenal KS is associated with fast gastric emptying in patients with AIDS. However, normal gastric emptying study does not reflect normal gastric physiology in patients with AIDS.
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PMID:Gastric emptying patterns in Kaposi's sarcoma and gastroenteritis secondary to human immunodeficiency virus infection. 798 15

Basic modes of action and indications for aluminium and magnesium-containing antacids are reviewed. Antacid properties of Maalox were studied versus those of Almagel in 24 duodenal ulcer patients by the following indices of pH-metry: time of pH response onset, "alkaline time", alkalification area and index. All the features were significantly different when assessed in the body of the stomach. Regular Maalox intake as a main medicine provided good results in the treatment of duodenal ulcer (25 responders), gastric ulcer (14 responders), erosive gastroduodenitis (14 responders), erosive reflux-esophagitis (9 responders). Maalox displayed high symptomatic efficacy, safety, insignificant side effects.
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PMID:[A comparative evaluation of the antacid properties of the preparations Maalox and Almagel]. 798 54

For the treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcer and reflux oesophagitis, especially erosive oesophagitis, omeprazole has an advantage over histamine H2-receptor antagonists because it heals significantly more patients significantly faster. Adverse effects have been observed during short term treatment with the same frequency as during treatment with H2-antagonists. Also, maintenance treatment with omeprazole of reflux oesophagitis is significantly superior to H2-antagonist therapy. During long term treatment for up to 8 years no further drug-related adverse effects have been observed. Moderate hypergastrinaemia occurs in some patients, especially if an omeprazole dosage of 40 mg/day is needed. A slight increase of the agyrophil (endocrine) cell volume density and an extension of micronodular hyperplasia in the oxyntic mucosa after several years of omeprazole treatment seem to be related to the severity of the corpus gastritis and not to drug-induced hypergastrinaemia, because similar changes have been observed in equal frequency in patients not receiving anti-secretory drugs. Theoretical arguments against long term treatment with potent acid-suppressing drugs, such as the possible consequences of gastric bacterial overgrowth or hypergastrinaemia, are not supported by clinical observations and epidemiological data and are, therefore, speculative.
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PMID:Risk-benefit assessment of omeprazole in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. 772 56

Numerous studies implicated Helicobacter pylori as one causative agent producing gastritis and dyspepsia. Recent reports focus on another bacterium, Gastrospirillum hominis, as a possible pathogen producing gastritis. We report a 30-year-old researcher who became acutely ill with epigastric pain indicative of esophagitis or peptic ulcer disease. Gastritis and a gastric ulcer were observed endoscopically. Histological examination of the gastric mucosa revealed an acute gastritis and large spiral-shaped organisms. The spiral forms were present in large quantities in the gastric mucosa of experimental animals (cats) handled by the patient in his research. Electron microscopy confirmed that the organisms from the cat and patient were morphologically identical. The patient was successfully treated with bismuth subsalicylate. His symptoms resolved and the organisms were cleared from his stomach. This study provides evidence that another bacterium, a Gastrospirillum, may cause gastritis in man and may be transmitted from animal to man.
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PMID:Acute gastritis associated with spiral organisms from cats. 814 39

Quality of Life was investigated in patients with suspected duodenal ulcer. In self-administrated questionnaires general well-being was evaluated with the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWB). Patients were required to fill out the questionnaires before endoscopy. This was done by 1526 patients who, after endoscopy, were divided into five groups; esophagitis (192), gastric ulcer (109), duodenal ulcer (426), duodenitis/gastritis (296) and negative endoscopy (401). Another 70 patients were found to have other diagnoses. Endoscopy was not performed in 32 patients who filled out questionnaires. All five patient groups reported low general well-being with the PGWB index. No statistical significant differences could be seen between the different groups. This study shows that patients complaining of gastrointestinal symptoms have a low degree of general well-being. Among patients with symptoms suspected for duodenal ulcer other diagnoses were common.
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PMID:Assessment of Quality of Life among patients with suspected duodenal ulcer. 817 Dec 97

The clinical efficacy of the proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole has been compared with ranitidine in a number of clinical studies in patients with either duodenal or gastric ulcer(s) or gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. A pooled analysis of five comparative trials in duodenal ulcer patients showed that healing rates with pantoprazole (40 mg/day) were significantly better than for ranitidine (300 mg/day) at both 2 (P < 0.001) and 4 weeks (P < 0.001). Data from case report forms in one of the studies showed that the improvement in pain relief at 2 weeks was also greater in patients receiving pantoprazole (80%) than in those receiving ranitidine (61%). The healing rates for the treatment of gastric ulcer were significantly higher for pantoprazole than for ranitidine (at 4 and 8 weeks; both P < 0.001), in an analysis of two comparative studies. The pooled pain relief values for pantoprazole and ranitidine did not differ significantly. With gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, the pooled results from two comparative studies showed that pantoprazole (40 mg/day and 80 mg/day) was superior to ranitidine (150 mg twice daily) in healing. In conclusion, pantoprazole, compared to ranitidine, quickens healing and symptom relief in gastroduodenal ulcers, and in reflux oesophagitis it also improves the rate of healing.
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PMID:Clinical efficacy of pantoprazole compared with ranitidine. 818 Feb 94

Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding remains a great medical problem despite the improvement in both diagnostic and therapeutic management. We retrospectively analyzed 560 cases (male 429 cases, female 131 cases, mean age 45.8 +/- 23.1 years) of acute UGI bleeding within one year from January to December 1980, and 1872 cases (male 1395 cases, female 477 cases, mean age 48.7 +/- 27.5 years) within one year from January to December 1989, in order to define the changing pattern of etiology in the past 10 years. The major cause of bleeding was duodenal ulcer bleeding, which occurred at the age of 20-40 years. The incidence significantly decreased (57.8% in 1980 VS. 46.3% in 1989, P < 0.001). The second common cause was gastric ulcer (11.1% VS. 13.5%), which occurred mainly at the age of 50-70 years. The third was esophageal varices bleeding with a significantly increased incidence (6.6% VS. 11.4%, P < 0.001), which occurred mainly at the age of 40-60 years. The other less common causes included gastric cancer (5.9% VS. 5.8%), which occurred mainly at the age of 50-70 years, gastric erosion (5.2% VS. 6.1%), Mallory Weiss tear (2.1% VS. 3.1%), esophagitis (1.9% VS. 2.9%), Dieulafoy's ulcer (1.6% VS. 2.7%), vascular lesion (1.6% VS. 2.6%), and non-diagnostic cases (6.2% VS. 5.6%). The ratio of male to female for each etiology of UGI bleeding was about 3 to 1 in both 1980 and 1989.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital: comparison between 1980 and 1989]. 822 Dec 92

We analyzed 321 consecutive episodes of community-based acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding admitted to the Hadassah University Hospital in Jerusalem during 1988-91. Of these 71% were in males aged 56.2 +/- 1.2 years (mean +/- SE) and 29% were in females (67.9 +/- 1.7 years, P < 0.001). The main diagnoses were duodenal ulcer (39.5%), gastric ulcer (16.9%), esophageal varices (10.0%), erosive gastritis (8.2%) and esophagitis (7.5%). The distribution of these diagnoses differed significantly between the genders (P = 0.0003). In males the prevalence of duodenal ulcer and of esophageal varices was higher, and that of gastric ulcer and esophagitis lower, than in females. Gastric ulcer patients were oldest, were the least likely to have received anti-ulcer medications prior to admission, and had the highest levels of urea and the lowest levels of hemoglobin on admission. Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increased significantly with age and was reported in 35% of the cases (aspirin in doses < 1.0 g/day in 21%, nonsalicylate anti-inflammatory agents in 11%, aspirin plus other anti-inflammatory drugs in 3%). Use of systemic corticosteroids was reported in 4%. The most distinctive features of the population with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the present study compared to other series were the significantly higher proportion of duodenal ulcers and the lower proportion of Mallory-Weiss tears.
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PMID:Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Jerusalem 1988-91: causes, characteristics and relation to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. 831 97


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