Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dysfunction of the sphincter of Oddi (SOD) is an uncommon condition which must be considered in cases of persistent pain in the upper abdomen following uncomplicated cholecystectomy, when disease in other organs, such as gastric ulcer, esophagitis and pancreatitis has been eliminated. The pathogenesis is not fully elucidated, but it is assumed that the cholecystectomy in some cases induces an increased tendency to spasm in the sphincter of Oddi (SO), and, perhaps in connection with an increased sensitivity to pressure elevations in the biliary tree, results in attacks of pain. Whether fibrosis (stenosis) of the SO due to instrumentation or passage of stones is part of the etiology is obscure. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography with papillary manometry should be performed in all cases where SOD is suspected. An elevated basal pressure in SO seems to be the best indicator of SOD. In cases unresponsive to conservative treatment, endoscopic sphincterotomy may be considered. This treatment is not finally evaluated, but apparently the effect is good, especially in patients with elevated basal pressure in SO. It is emphasized that the knowledge of the behavior and regulation of SO is incomplete and that this should be remembered when criteria for SOD are applied.
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PMID:[Oddi's sphincter dysfunction]. 267 55

Arguments in favour of the use of omeprazole outweight the arguments against its use in the treatment of all peptic disorders--duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and reflux oesophagitis.
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PMID:Omeprazole: implications for therapy of peptic ulcer and reflux oesophagitis. 269 14

Forty consecutive African patients found to have duodenogastric bile reflux at endoscopy were studied. Bile reflux was found more commonly among males than females, giving a male/female ratio of 2.3:1, with a peak age at 41-60 years. ABO blood groups had no significant influence on duodenogastric bile reflux. Flatulence and borborygmi were the most consistent symptoms other than the classical dyspeptic pain pattern. Bilious vomiting was a rare finding. Duodenogastric bile reflux was more commonly associated with endoscopic gastritis (67.5%), gastric ulcer (35%) and oesophagitis (30%) than with duodenal ulcer (22.5%), deformed pyloric ring (5%) or distorted duodenal bulb (2.5%). The dysfunction in the pyloric sphincter in people with duodenogastric bile reflux appears to be more of a physiological defect than structural.
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PMID:The clinical pattern of duodenogastric bile reflux in the Kenyan Africans. 291 97

An active 80-year-old woman without a history of peptic ulcer disease, recent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, or smoking developed severe, symptomatic epigastric pain initially diagnosed as nonulcer dyspepsia secondary to esophagitis. Initial treatment consisted of 12 weeks of full-dose H2-receptor antagonist therapy. During this therapy the patient developed multiple gastric ulcers confirmed by endoscopy, and continued to have significant dyspeptic symptoms. An additional 16 weeks of combination therapy with ranitidine and sucralfate failed to ameliorate upper gastrointestinal symptoms, and there was significant increase in gastric ulcer size. Repeated ulcer biopsies showed no malignancy. Prior to scheduling elective gastric ulcer surgery, a trial of oral prostaglandin E1 analogue therapy was initiated with an investigational agent. Within the first three weeks of therapy, there was significant symptomatic improvement. Endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract at 12 weeks revealed complete ulcer healing. This case report suggests that prostaglandin E1 analogue therapy should be considered as an alternative to elective gastric ulcer surgery for patients with refractory gastric ulcer.
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PMID:Prostaglandin E1 analogue therapy in the treatment of refractory gastric ulcer in an elderly patient. 314 Jul 54

129 patients with peptic ulcer in the acute stage of the disease were studied clinically, roentgenologically, endoscopically and morphologically. The patients were classified into two groups--with or without dyspeptic syndrome. The gastric acidity was examined by the fractionary titration method with pentagastrin as stimulant, Reflux-esophagitis was found in patients with hyperacidity as well as in patients with normal and hypoacidity. The destructive changes in the esophageal epithelium were more frequent in the patients with duodenal ulcer--12.9% than in the patients with gastric ulcer. The reflux-esophagitis was found three times less in the patients with peptic ulcer without dyspeptic syndrome than in the patients with peptic ulcer with dyspeptic syndrome, without reliable differences in the secretory indices between the two groups. The conclusion is made that the gastric acidity without functional disorders in the gastroesophageal segment is not a decisive factor in the development of the dyspeptic syndrome in peptic ulcer.
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PMID:[Secretory gastric function and the development of reflux esophagitis in peptic ulcer]. 324 98

Sucralfate is a recently introduced drug that has received acceptance as a nonsystemic, locally active antiulcer agent used in the treatment of duodenal ulcer disease. In addition, sucralfate has been used for the treatment of gastric ulcer and a variety of other gastrointestinal diseases. However, the use of sucralfate to treat caustic esophagitis has not been clinically investigated, and a review of the literature yielded scant information (1). Herein, we report our experience with sucralfate in the treatment of a case of lye-induced esophagitis.
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PMID:Sucralfate therapy for lye-induced esophagitis. 333 62

This study was designed to elucidate the long-term effect of excess alcohol intake on the upper gastrointestinal tract. The subjects of the study were patients with alcohol dependence (n = 91). All of the subjects had been hospitalized to overcome their alcohol dependence. They underwent endoscopic examination of upper gastrointestinal tract, whether they had symptoms and a personal history of digestive organs trouble or not. Gastric ulcer (n = 14), gastroduodenal ulcer (n = 3), duodenal ulcer (n = 2), gastritis erosiva (n = 23), resected stomach (n = 13), esophageal cancer (n = 1), esophageal varix (n = 8), and esophagitis (n = 1) were among the lesions found by the endoscopic examination. This study indicated a close association of chronic upper gastrointestinal lesion with long-term excessive intake of alcohol.
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PMID:Endoscopic study of upper gastrointestinal tract in patients with alcohol dependence. 357 6

Bile reflux has been implicated in the pathogenesis of gastritis, gastric ulcer, and esophagitis. Radionuclide techniques provide the only non-invasive method to detect duodenogastric reflux. To analyze the problems that occur with attempts at quantitation, 55 patients were prospectively evaluated (45 patients with reflux esophagitis or Barrett's esophagus and ten patients with clinical symptoms of bile reflux, four of whom had Bilroth II surgery) with Tc-99m DISIDA, using a fasting technique with gallbladder stimulation by sincalide. Visual duodenogastric reflux occurred in 16 of 55 patients. Overlap of small bowel with the stomach is the major problem for accurate quantitation and occurred in 20 of 55 patients (36%). Overlap of left lobe of the liver occurred in 40 of 55 patients (73%), but its contribution to gastric activity was slight and could be easily subtracted. Reflux was intermittent in six of the 16 positive studies (38%), and continuous computer acquisition is needed to detect its maximum value. Primarily because of the problem of small bowel overlap, scintigraphic evaluation of duodenogastric reflux is only, at best, semi-quantitative. A review of the technical variables used in this examination, as well as potential problems that can occur, is provided.
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PMID:Scintigraphic evaluation of duodenogastric reflux. Problems, pitfalls, and technical review. 358 23

The association of previous cholecystectomy with duodenogastric reflux, oesophagitis and gastroduodenal ulcers was studied in a series of 918 outpatients subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopic oesophagitis was found more frequently in the 125 cholecystectomized patients than in their controls (p = 0.004). More gastric ulcer patients and fewer duodenal ulcer patients were found among the cholecystectomized patients than among the controls, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.25 and p = 0.06, respectively). In the 62 patients with oesophagitis, at endoscopy the incidence of previous cholecystectomy was higher than in the controls without oesophagitis (p = 0.002), and in the 167 duodenal ulcer patients there was a lower frequency of cholecystectomy than in the controls without duodenal ulcer (p = 0.03) When the patients with oesophagitis were excluded from the cholecystectomized patients there were more gastric ulcers and fewer duodenal ulcers in the series than in the matched controls (p = 0.05 and p = 0.09, respectively). The relative chances of cholecystectomized persons being endoscoped compared with non-cholecystectomized persons was estimated. It seems that cholecystectomized persons are 2.06-fold more likely to be endoscopied than non-operated persons. Despite this tendency, there was in this series an almost equal proportion of organic diseases in both the symptomatic cholecystectomized patients and the symptomatic non-operated controls, suggesting an even higher association of these diseases in cholecystectomized persons in general than the observed accumulation would indicate. The results of the present study suggest that in symptomatic outpatients a previous cholecystectomy is associated positively with oesophagitis and gastric ulcer, but not with duodenal ulcer.
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PMID:Relationship of previous cholecystectomy to oesophagitis and gastroduodenal ulcers. 359 61

In a prospective study, 355 healthy, asymptomatic, male volunteers, 18 to 45 years of age, were screened by esophagogastroduodenoscopy before admission to clinical trials. One hundred thirty-four volunteers (38%) showed abnormal endoscopic findings. Some volunteers had more than one site of involvement or more than one grade of lesion in each anatomic location. In 49 (14%) of these subjects the esophagus was a site of involvement, while in 86 (24%) the stomach was involved, and in 71 (20%) the duodenum was involved. The point prevalences in these asymptomatic subjects were 8.5% for erosive esophagitis, 12% for erosive gastritis, 10% for erosive duodenitis, 2% for gastric ulcer, and 2% for duodenal ulcer.
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PMID:Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in normal asymptomatic volunteers. 371 Jan 3


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