Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pronounced changes in gut neuropeptide content have been observed in colonic tissues from animals with acute experimental colitis and in some patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The early decrease of CGRP in the colon during colitis in the animal studies suggest that CGRP is released during the inflammatory process. No data are available showing the biological action of released CGRP during inflammation. The sensory neurotoxin capsaicin was used in animal studies to examine the effect of sensory nerves on inflammation and healing in experimental animal models. The severity of colitis was enhanced after capsaicin pretreatment in acute and chronic animal models of colitis. These data support the hypothesis that sensory nerves exert a protective and healing-promoting function in the gut. CGRP is a good candidate for this action of sensory nerves because it is a major component in sensory nerve fibers. How CGRP exerts its protective function in the intestine is unknown. Data from gastric ulcer models support the hypothesis that a main action of CGRP is regulation of mesenteric and mucosal blood flow resulting in enhanced protection and tissue healing. Other effector roles of CGRP afferent nerve endings could also be considered.
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PMID:Calcitonin gene-related peptide in inflammatory bowel disease and experimentally induced colitis. 163 91

The authors studied the data concerning 101 patients who had undergone erroneous laparotomy for suspected acute surgical disease; these accounted for 0.4% of all the patients who were operated on for emergency indications in the same period. Eleven patients died. The operation was undertaken for an erroneous diagnosis of acute appendicitis (32 patients), acute cholecystitis (18), perforating gastric ulcer (15), peritonitis of unknown etiology (14), acute intestinal obstruction (5), strangulated hernia (3), destructive pancreatitis (3), tumor of the large intestine complicated by obstruction (3), abdominal abscess (2), thrombosis of the mesenteric vessels (1), ovarian apoplexy (1), closed abdominal trauma with injury to the viscera (4 patients). Diseases simulating the clinical picture of "acute abdomen" but not requiring an emergency operation were as follows: female reproductive (20 patients), pancreatic (11), renal diseases (11), hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver (10), cardiovascular (9), pulmonary diseases (5), mesoadenitis (5), Crohn's disease (3), chronic colitis (3), carcinomatosis of the peritoneum (3), herpes zoster (3), and other diseases and injuries (20 patients). The main causes of the diagnostic and tactical errors were objective difficulties in the differential diagnosis due to similar symptomatology, as well as errors in the examination of the patient and haste in making a decision to make an operation.
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PMID:[Erroneous laparotomy in emergency surgery]. 177 33

Tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) was assayed in serum of patients with gastroenterological diseases. Of the patients 92 had gastric cancer, 50 colonic cancer, 38 colitis, 36 polyposis of the colon, and 40 gastric ulcer. The cut-off level established on the basis of the mean concentration +3 SD of a reference population comprising 120 subjects was 32 micrograms/l. In gastric cancer TATI had a sensitivity and specificity similar to that of CA19-9, whereas its behavior in colon cancer was less satisfactory. Like other tumor markers TATI may be elevated in patients with inflammatory diseases. In our opinion TATI is a good tumor marker for gastric cancer and it is a useful complement to CEA and CA19-9.
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PMID:Tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor, TATI, in gastrointestinal cancer and related benign diseases. 178 Jun 97

Emotional stress is one of the etiologic or anyway predisposing factors involved in a lot of oral pathologies. In fact, relations between stress effects and frequent diseases such as gastric ulcer or ulcerous colitis are today wellknown by everyone. Theories about a relation between this kind of etiology and tumours are only reported by some Authors and are at the level of hypotheses. Mouth is very weak in these situations, owing to its great interest as primary erogenous zone, and for this reason we find frequently oral pathologies in relation with psychosomatic medicine. In this report we tried to give a good help to the study of these diseases and to find an easy classification to use (really it is an hard work to do due to the variety of this numerous illnesses).
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PMID:[Oral pathology of pscyhosomatic origin. Review of the literature]. 220 52

Open-heart surgery was performed on 1686 adult patients between 1980 and 1984, with a mortality rate due to abdominal complications of 0.6%. Every operation involved the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Abdominal complications occurred in 1.6%, with an overall mortality rate of 36%. The most frequent complication was gastrointestinal (Gl) bleeding (61%). The mortality of the patients who bled from the Gl tract was 53%. Other complications encountered were gastroduodenal ulcer, colitis, ileus, subphrenic abscess and intraperitoneal bleeding. Prolonged CPB and low output syndrome preceded multiple organ failure, which occurred in 39% of those who had abdominal complications and in 59% of those who bled. Gl bleeding after CPB did not correlate with a previous history of gastric ulcer. Reoperation because of cardiac tamponade or excessive chest tube drainage was a factor predisposing to Gl bleeding. The mortality and abdominal complication rates were significantly higher in valve surgery than in coronary revascularization.
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PMID:Abdominal complications following cardiopulmonary bypass in open-heart surgery. 349 77

The influence of interactions between dietary fat and protein on spontaneous diseases was investigated in Syrian golden hamsters fed two levels of corn oil [4.5 or 18 g/385 kilocalories (kcal)] with each of two levels of casein (9 or 36 g/385 kcal). The four diets were fed to separate groups in two different sequences: 1) Diets were given during weeks 3-7 and followed by control diet (9 g corn oil and 18 g casein/385 kcal), or 2) control diet was fed during weeks 3-7, and the four diets were fed from week 8 until death. Dietary interactions of fat and protein modified spontaneous degenerative, inflammatory, and proliferative diseases in hamsters. For example, amyloidosis in the liver, kidneys, spleen, and adrenal glands was reduced in females by feeding high-fat-high-protein (HF-HP) diet in comparison with low-fat-high-protein (LF-HP) diet during weeks 3-7 or by feeding LP diets at either fat level after 8 weeks. The incidence of hepatic abscess was highest in males consuming HP diet at either fat level after 8 weeks, and hepatic necrosis was observed most often in hamsters fed HF-HP diet after 8 weeks. Gastric and renal vascular calcification and nephrocalcinosis incidences were reduced by 50-100% in hamsters fed HF-HP diet after 8 weeks, and HF diet fed at this time reduced vascular calcification in the heart in both sexes and in the lungs in males. Inflammation was generally influenced similarly by diets fed either during weeks 3-7 or after 8 weeks. In the prostate gland, inflammation was observed most frequently in males fed HF-LP diet; however, in the vagina inflammation was elevated in females fed HF-HP diet and found in the gallbladder more commonly in hamsters fed HF-HP than in those given LF-HP. The incidence of colitis was decreased by giving HF-LP diet during weeks 3-7 or LF-LP diets after week 8. The incidence of gastric ulcer was high in males fed HF diets during weeks 3-7, and intestinal ulcers were high in those fed LF-LP at this time. The adrenal hyperplasia incidence was highest in males given HF-HP diet before or after 8 weeks and in females given this diet after 8 weeks. Similarly, ovarian and hepatic ductal hyperplasia was highest in females fed HF-HP diet after 8 weeks, and gastric and intestinal hyperplasia increased with the rise in fat at both protein levels in both sexes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Interaction of dietary fat and protein in spontaneous diseases of Syrian golden hamsters. 385 85

Fourteen cases of gastritis cystica polyposa, four gastric adenomas and 25 "mature" erosions removed by diathermy at endoscopy were studied by light microscopy. Twenty surgical resections from gastric cancer patients and 18 gastric resections from gastroenterostomy patients previously operated upon for benign lesions were also studied. The mucosa showed consistent changes which were grouped as "gastritis cystica superficialis". Most surgical specimens, three out of 25 "mature" erosions, the four adenomas, and eight cases of gastritis cystica polyposa showed cystic gastric glands within the submucosa closely resembling the changes seen in colitis cystica profunda. Thus the term "gastritis cystica profunda" is proposed. It is suggested that ischaemia and chronic inflammation as well as the effects of surgery and presence of suture material have a role in the pathogenesis of gastritis cystica profunda. A correlation seems to exist between gastritis cystica profunda and gastric ulcer.
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PMID:Gastritis cystica profunda. 728 16

Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of chronic pain syndrome and their possible use in assessing analgetic effects of treatment were studied in 16, 49, 26 and 17 patients with gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, chronic pancreatitis, chronic colitis, respectively. Pain was measured with the use of McHill's questionnaire modification and visual-verbal-analog scale. In addition to routine analysis of the data from the respondents, graphic mean profiles of pain for each group have been devised. There were differences in quantitative parameters of pain syndrome depending on nosological unity and profiles of patients. The questionnaire proved rather informative in evaluation and gradation of analgetic effects of therapeutic factors in ulcer patients.
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PMID:[Pain syndrome in gastroenterological practice: potentialities of evaluation]. 899 54

A case of collagenous colitis is reported. A 48 year old female who had been complaining of mild diarrhea had been under medication for a gastric ulcer. Colonoscopy revealed almost normal appearance of the colonic mucosa except for one hyperplastic polyp of the cecum. Specimens of the ascending, transverse and descending colon showed a distinctively thickened collagen band beneath the surface epithelium, 10-20 microns thick, which was irregularly distributed, even within the same specimen. In some areas, the thickened collagen band was found around the upper part of the pits. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Azan staining and silver impregnation were positive for this thickened collagen band. Immunohistochemically, the thickened collagen band was weakly positive for collagen type III, but negative for collagen types I and IV. Plasma cells, lymphocytes and eosinophils were observed in the lamina propria in addition to intraepithelial lymphocytic infiltration. Capillaries were increased in the thickened collagen band. The arrangement of surface epithelial cells was irregular. Crypts were not distorted. Edema, diffuse or extensive fibrosis and congestion were not found. Through these findings the patient was diagnosed as having collagenous colitis. Many cases of this had been reported in western countries, but very few in Japan. The Japanese literature was reviewed for cases of collagenous colitis and it was found that only two cases had been presented.
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PMID:Collagenous colitis in a Japanese patient. 1084 72

Iron deficiency anaemia is frequently observed in male adults and postmenopausal women due to chronic occult bleeding, usually from the gastrointestinal tract. Practically, as endoscopical investigation of the gastrointestinal system is an invasive procedure, iron replacement treatment was generally started without investigation of the underlying aetiology even in first-line health institutions. This study evaluates the role of endoscopy in the investigation of the aetiology of anaemia in 95 patients (51 males, 44 females), aged 64.9+/-12.5 years (range 50-90 years). All patients having iron deficiency anaemia were investigated by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy. Upper and lower gastrointestinal pathologies were seen in 10 (10.6%) and 55 (57.8%) patients, respectively. However, no gastrointestinal lesion was found in 30 (31.6%) patients with iron deficiency anaemia. Out of the 95 patients, 16 (16.9%) had erosive gastritis, 15 (15.8%) duodenal ulcer, 8 (8.4%) gastric ulcer, 7 (7.3%) gastric tumours, 7 (7.3%) oesophagitis. 5 (5.4%) colon tumours, 3 (3.2%) haemorrhoids, 2 (2.1%) non-tropical sprue, 1 (1%) colonic polyp, and 1 (1%) colitis. In the majority of elderly patients with iron deficiency anaemia, upper gastrointestinal system disease was found. In 12 (12.7%) patients in the study group, malignancies were detected. In elderly patients with iron deficiency anaemia, the aetiology should be highlighted before giving iron supplementation.
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PMID:Upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopical investigation in elderly patients with iron deficiency anaemia. 1203 16


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