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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

229 stomachs resected for duodenal and gastric ulcer and carcinoma were examined with special regard to the morphological and histochemical pattern of intestinal metaplasia (IM). The results of qualitative and semiquantitative studies were analysed statistically. Whereas duodenal and gastric ulcer cases are best discriminated by the presence or absence of IM, the strongest discriminating factor between carcinoma and gastric ulcer is the content of goblet cells in metaplastic crypts. Metaplastic crypts lined exclusively with goblet cells producing sulfated acid glycoproteins could be identified in more than one third of the cancer cases. The increase in goblet cells coincides with a loss of the more differentiated cells in the metaplastic glands, such as enterocytes, APUD cells, or Paneth cells. This "enterocoli metaplasia" seems to be specific for cancer bearing mucosa and occurs more often in cancer of intestinal type; it may represent a form of a derepressive dedifferentiation. The significance of enterocoli metaplasia as a premalignant lesion remains to be elucidated.
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PMID:Loss of differentiation in intestinal metaplasia in cancerous stomachs. A comparative morphologic study. 46 Dec 32

In 817 patients who were subjected both to X-ray examination and endoscopy of the stomach, the diagnosis was verified histologically. The radiological findings were confirmed in 86% of the cases and the results of endoscopy were verified in 89% of cases. The diagnosis of gastric ulcer was confirmed by X-rays in 87% of cases, by endoscopy in 95%. 88% of the malignant tumours of the stomach were discovered on X-ray examination and 89% through endoscopy. The diagnostic results of X-ray examination to detect carcinoma of the gastric stump or of an anastomosis were somewhat poorer. With optimal technique the results of radiodiagnostic examination are hardly inferior to those of endoscopy. There are advantages and disadvantages inherent in both techniques but they are of a different nature so that the two methods are by no means competitive; indeed, they are complementary and a combination of both methods yields maximum results. X-ray examination offers considerable advantages if it is carried out before endoscopy.
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PMID:[Results of combined radiological and endoscopic investigation of the stomach (author's transl)]. 53 29

The authors followed up 123 patients with carcinoma of the gastric stump. In this report 39 patients were analysed with carcinoma that developed after stump resection for gastric ulcer or polyps; 35 were operated on including 20 radical operations. The authors conclude that in residual and recurrent carcinoma of the gastric stump as well as in diffuse and mixed initial carcinoma stump extirpation should be the method of choice. For primary exophitic growing and especially in old and weakened patients it is more advisable to perform subtotal resection than stump extirpation.
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PMID:[Carcinoma of the stump after gastric resection for gastric ulcer and adenomatous polyps (author's transl)]. 59 45

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of ulcer induced by iodoacetamide on the development of gastric carcinoma by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in male Wistar rats. Fifty-six of the 62 ulcers induced by IAM were located in the fundic gland area along the limiting ridge. The incidence of fundic carcinoma was 16% in the groups treated with IAM and MNNG, while no fundic carcinoma was found in the group treated with MNNG alone. This difference was statistically significant. All the carcinomas in the fundic gland area were confined within the ulcer itself or its scar tissue, produced by IAM. These findings indicate that if an ulcer is present, carcinoma develops even in the fundic mucosa which is, if intact, resistant to the carcinogenic stimulation of MNNG. It was concluded that gastric ulcer predisposes the development of gastric carcinoma.
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PMID:The effect of iodoacetamide-induced fundic ulcers on gastric carcinogenesis produced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in rats. 60 48

Seventeen cases of gastric sarcoidosis have been reported in Japanese literature. Age distribution was from the 3rd decade (6 cases) to the 6th decade (3 cases) and the sex ratio was 2 females to 1 male. Preoperative diagnosis included 10 cases of gastric carcinoma and 6 cases of gastric ulcer. Sites of the granulomas were limited to the mucous membrane in 4 cases, from serosa to the mucous membrane in 9 cases and from the muscle layer to the mucous membrane in 1 case. As there are granulomas in the mucous membrane in all cases, it appears that granulomas may spread from the mucous membrane to outside and they can possibly be detected by biopsy. There were no BHL in any chest X-ray. Kveim test was positive in only 2 out of 11 cases. Prognosis is very good. There has been a question whether the gastric granuloma is a local or a generalized manifestation. From our findings, we will report in detail, it may not be a local reaction, but a gastric manifestation of generalized sarcoidosis.
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PMID:Gastric sarcoidosis in Japan. 60 16

The primary aim of the Japan--Hawaii Cancer Study was to identify factors that could explain the changes in cancer risk experienced by Japanese who migrated to Hawaii. Many investigations were conducted in this long-term prospective study since its inception in 1971. Among the findings that relate to gastrointestinal carcinoma were the following: 1) Bowel transit time does not appear to be related to the occurrence of large bowel cancer or to any of the benign conditions with which it is associated; 2) adenomatous and hyperplastic polyps, as well as diverticula, are much more prevalent among autopsy specimens from Japanese who had lived in Hawaii than of those in Japan; 3) adenomatous polyps and diverticula are positively associated with atherosclerosis in the necropsy population in Hawaii; 4) although the incidence of the diffuse histopathologic type of gastric cancer does not differ appreciably among the Japanese in Hawaii and Japan, the migrants have a significantly lower incidence of the intestinal type of stomach cancer; and 5) case-control studies indicated that the two conditions frequently associated with gastric carcinoma, i.e., gastric ulcer and intestinal metaplasia of the stomach, are associated with high salt intakes and adherence to the traditional Japanese diet.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal carcinoma in the Japanese of Hawaii: a status report. 61 38

Clinical effect of 5-fluorouracil or chromomycin-A3 alone, 5-fluorouracil + chromomycin-A3, and of the first two plus prednisolone on gastrointestinal and other solid tumors was evaluated. Out of 133 cases acceptable for evaluation, the number of responders was as follows: 3 (18.8%) of 6 cases treated with 5-fluorouracil alone, 1 (9.1%) of 11 cases treated with chromomycin-A3 or chromomycin-A3 hemisuccinate, 13 (21.7%) of 60 cases on the two-drug regimen, and 21 (45.7%) of 46 cases on the three-drug regimen. In cases of stomach carcinoma, response rate to the three-drug regimen was 54.2% (13/24), significantly higher than that of other regimens. At least 25% regression in the size of primary tumor was observed in 2 (7.1%) of 28 cases on the two-drug regimen and in 6 (33.3%) of 18 cases on the three-drug regimen. Of 51 cases on the three-drug regimen, steroid diabetes developed in 5 cases, moon face in 4 cases, and gastric ulcer in 1 case. However, toxic effect of these regimens (especially appearance of leucopenia) was less than those of previously tried combined regimens. The duration of response, on an average, was 10.8 weeks in 13 cases on the two-drug regimen and 11.7 weeks in 21 cases on the three-drug regimen. It was concluded from these results that a better response is obtained by the three-drug regimen than other regimens, and that prednisolone in combination, in addition to its favorable effect in improving the general condition of the patients, might enhance the anticancer effect of the drugs used in combination.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy for solid tumors using 5-fluorouracil, chromomycin-A, and prednisolone. 61 14

The development of morphological changes in the body mucosa after partial gastrectomy for ulcer disease according to Billroth I and II was studied early (within 3 years) and late (10-24 years) postoperatively with gastroscopy and forceps biopsies. The morphological findings in the body mucosa of the operation specimens and biopsies from the stomas were compared. The effect of time, ulcer disease, operation procedure, sex, and age was studied. In duodenal ulcer patients, with significantly less pronounced inflammatory mucosal changes in the operation specimen, partial gastrectomy caused acute and chronic gastritis to the same degree as seen in gastric ulcer patients within 3 years postoperatively. Duodenal ulcer patients also developed mucosal atrophy, cystic dilatation of the gastric glands, and intestinal metaplasia by time to an extent not significantly different from what was found in gastric ulcer patients. No correlation could be found between the mucosal changes and factors like age, sex, or operation procedure. Mucosal atrophy, chronic gastritis, and intestinal metaplasia are regarded as possible features of malignant transformation. If this concept is true, our findings may explain why stump carcinoma is frequently reported with the same incidence independent of preoperative ulcer disease or anastomotic procedure.
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PMID:The development of mucosal changes after gastric surgery for ulcer disease. 63 61

Four cases of endoscopically proven gastroduodenal fistulae (double pyloric canal) are presented, and ten case reports in the literature are reviewed. The fistula develops from a penetrating gastric ulcer. Presumably, the ulcer becomes adherent to adjacent duodenum and penetrates further to establish a fistulous connection, which ultimately becomes lined with mucosa, creating a second pyloric canal. Fistulae between the lesser curve of the antrum and superior fornix of the duodenal bulb were the commonest (9 out of 14). Fistulae also form between the lesser curve of the body of the stomach and the duodenal bulb or fourth part of the duodenum. Gastro-gastric fistula and a fistula into the inferior fornix of the duodenal bulb from a pyloric ulcer have been described. In two of the four cases in this series fistulae had formed from the greater curve of the antrum to the inferior fornix of the duodenal bulb, an entity not previously described. Radiologic appearances may be confused with an antral carcinoma, an ulcerating carcinoma, Crohn's disease, or lymphoma. The presence of previous ulceration and evidence of scarring should aid in avoiding confusion with malignancy. The term gastroduodenal fistula is suggested to describe double pyloric canal.
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PMID:Gastroduodenal fistulae and double pyloric canal. 66 55

Carcinoma of the gastric stump in patients who have undergone resection for duodenal and gastric ulcer represents a rare event which poses considerable diagnostic and therapeutic problems. 7 personal cases are examined, particular attention being paid to the utility of endoscopy, together with sampling for cytological and histological examinations, by comparison with radiology. Endoscopy in the present cases have confirmed the high positivity obtainable with transendoscopic cytological sampling using the brushing technique. The technique should therefore become routine in the study of patients undergoing gastric resection.
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PMID:[Cancer of the gastric stump after duodeno-gastric resection]. 69


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